|
1 | 1 | Definition of Robotics |
2 | 2 | ---------------------- |
3 | 3 |
|
4 | | -In recent years, autonomous navigation technologies have received huge |
5 | | -attention in many fields. |
6 | | -Such fields include, autonomous driving[22], drone flight navigation, |
7 | | -and other transportation systems. |
| 4 | +What is Robotics? |
| 5 | +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
8 | 6 |
|
9 | | -Examples of Python in Robotics: |
| 7 | +Robot is a machine that can perform tasks automatically or semi-autonomously. |
| 8 | +Robotics is the study of robots. |
| 9 | +The field of robotics has wide areas of technologies such as mechanical engineering, |
| 10 | +electrical engineering, computer science, and artificial intelligence (AI), |
| 11 | +to create machines that can perform tasks autonomously or semi-autonomously. |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | +The History of Robots |
| 14 | +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | +This timeline highlights key milestones in the history of robotics: |
| 17 | + |
| 18 | +Ancient and Early Concepts (Before 1500s) |
| 19 | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +The idea of **automated machines** has existed for thousands of years. Ancient civilizations imagined mechanical beings: |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +- **Ancient Greece (4th Century BC)** – Greek engineer **Hero of Alexandria** designed early **automata** (self-operating machines) powered by water or air. |
| 24 | +- **Chinese and Arabic Automata (9th–13th Century)** – Inventors like **Al-Jazari** created intricate mechanical devices, including water clocks and humanoid robots. |
| 25 | + |
| 26 | +The Birth of Modern Robotics (1500s–1800s) |
| 27 | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +- **Leonardo da Vinci’s Robot (1495)** – Designed a humanoid knight with mechanical movement. |
| 30 | +- **Jacques de Vaucanson’s Automata (1738)** – Created robotic figures like a mechanical duck that could "eat" and "digest." |
| 31 | +- **Industrial Revolution (18th–19th Century)** – Machines began replacing human labor in factories, setting the foundation for automation. |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +The Rise of Industrial Robots (1900s–1950s) |
| 34 | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
| 35 | + |
| 36 | +- **The Term “Robot” (1921)** – Czech writer **Karel Čapek** introduced the word *“robot”* in his play *R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots)*. |
| 37 | +- **Early Cybernetics (1940s–1950s)** – Scientists like **Norbert Wiener** developed theories of self-regulating machines, influencing modern robotics. |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +The Birth of Modern Robotics (1950s–1980s) |
| 40 | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
| 41 | + |
| 42 | +- **First Industrial Robot (1961)** – *Unimate*, created by **George Devol and Joseph Engelberger**, was the first programmable robot used in a factory. |
| 43 | +- **Rise of AI & Autonomous Robots (1970s–1980s)** – Researchers developed mobile robots like **Shakey** (Stanford, 1966) and AI-based control systems. |
| 44 | + |
| 45 | +Advanced Robotics and AI Integration (1990s–Present) |
| 46 | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
| 47 | + |
| 48 | +- **Autonomous Vehicles & Drones** – Self-driving cars and UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) became more advanced. |
| 49 | +- **Medical Robotics** – Robots like **da Vinci Surgical System** revolutionized healthcare. |
| 50 | +- **Personal Robots** – Devices like **Roomba** (vacuum robot) and **Sophia** (AI humanoid) became popular. |
| 51 | +- **Collaborative Robots (Cobots)** – Robots started working alongside humans in industries. |
| 52 | + |
| 53 | +Key Components of Robotics |
| 54 | +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
| 55 | + |
| 56 | +Robotics consists of several essential components: |
| 57 | + |
| 58 | +#. Sensors – Gather information from the environment (e.g., cameras, LiDAR, gyro, accelerometer, wheel encoders). |
| 59 | +#. Actuators – Enable movement and interaction with the world (e.g., motors, hydraulic systems). |
| 60 | +#. Computers – Process sensor data and make decisions (e.g., micro-controllers, CPUs, GPUs). |
| 61 | +#. Power Supply – Provides energy to run the robot (e.g., batteries, solar power). |
| 62 | +#. Software & Algorithms – Allow the robot to function and make intelligent decisions (e.g., ROS, machine learning models, localization, mapping, path planning, control). |
| 63 | + |
| 64 | +This project, PythonRobotics, focuses on the software and algorithms part of robotics. |
| 65 | + |
| 66 | +Applications of Robots |
| 67 | +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
| 68 | + |
| 69 | +Robots come in various forms depending on their purpose: |
| 70 | + |
| 71 | +#. 🤖 Industrial Robots – Used in manufacturing (e.g., robotic arms in manufacturing factories). |
| 72 | +#. 🏠 Service Robots – Assist in daily life (e.g., vacuum robots, delivery robots). |
| 73 | +#. 🚗 Autonomous Vehicles – Self-driving cars and drones. |
| 74 | +#. 👨⚕️ Medical Robots – Assist in surgeries and healthcare. |
| 75 | +#. 🚀 Space & Exploration Robots – Used for planetary exploration (e.g., NASA’s Mars rovers). |
| 76 | +#. 🐶 Humanoid & Social Robots – Designed to interact with humans (e.g., ASIMO, Sophia). |
10 | 77 |
|
11 | | -Autonomous Navigation: Python is used in self-driving cars and other autonomous vehicles for tasks like perception, localization, and path planning. |
12 | | -Industrial Robotics: Python is employed in manufacturing for robot control, quality inspection, and automation. |
13 | | -Service Robotics: Python powers robots that perform tasks like cleaning, delivery, and customer service in various environments. |
14 | | -Research and Education: Python is a popular choice in robotics research and education due to its ease of use and versatility. |
|
0 commit comments