diff --git a/lightllm/common/basemodel/layer_weights/hf_load_utils.py b/lightllm/common/basemodel/layer_weights/hf_load_utils.py
index 8cf66a5ad..e323843bf 100755
--- a/lightllm/common/basemodel/layer_weights/hf_load_utils.py
+++ b/lightllm/common/basemodel/layer_weights/hf_load_utils.py
@@ -7,6 +7,14 @@
 from lightllm.utils.dist_utils import get_current_device_id
 
 
+def get_optimal_load_workers():
+    explicit_value = os.environ.get("LOADWORKER")
+    if explicit_value is not None:
+        return int(explicit_value)
+    cpu_cores = os.cpu_count() or 1
+    return max(1, min(cpu_cores, 32))
+
+
 def load_func(file_, use_safetensors=False, pre_post_layer=None, transformer_layer_list=None, weight_dir=None):
     # fix bug for 多线程加载的时候，每个线程内部的cuda device 会切回 0， 修改后来保证不会出现bug
     import torch.distributed as dist
@@ -60,7 +68,7 @@ def load_hf_weights(data_type, weight_dir, pre_post_layer=None, transformer_laye
         transformer_layer_list=transformer_layer_list,
         weight_dir=weight_dir,
     )  # noqa
-    worker = int(os.environ.get("LOADWORKER", 1))
+    worker = get_optimal_load_workers()
     with Pool(worker) as p:
         iterator = p.imap_unordered(partial_func, candidate_files, chunksize=1)
         desc_str = f"pid {os.getpid()} Loading model weights with {worker} workers"
diff --git a/lightllm/models/vit/layer_weights/hf_load_utils.py b/lightllm/models/vit/layer_weights/hf_load_utils.py
index 3fa82af8e..cb17ab247 100644
--- a/lightllm/models/vit/layer_weights/hf_load_utils.py
+++ b/lightllm/models/vit/layer_weights/hf_load_utils.py
@@ -5,6 +5,14 @@
 import lightllm.utils.petrel_helper as utils
 
 
+def get_optimal_load_workers():
+    explicit_value = os.environ.get("LOADWORKER")
+    if explicit_value is not None:
+        return int(explicit_value)
+    cpu_cores = os.cpu_count() or 1
+    return max(1, min(cpu_cores, 32))
+
+
 def load_func(file_, use_safetensors=False, pre_post_layer=None, transformer_layer_list=None, weight_dir=None):
     if use_safetensors:
         weights = safe_open(os.path.join(weight_dir, file_), "pt", "cpu")
@@ -62,7 +70,7 @@ def load_hf_weights(data_type, weight_dir, pre_post_layer=None, transformer_laye
         transformer_layer_list=transformer_layer_list,
         weight_dir=weight_dir,
     )  # noqa
-    worker = int(os.environ.get("LOADWORKER", 1))
+    worker = get_optimal_load_workers()
     with Pool(worker) as p:
         _ = p.map(partial_func, candidate_files)
     return