Add core interfaces and exceptions for type system

Author: nejc

src/Exceptions/InvalidArgumentException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Nejcc\PhpDatatypes\Exceptions;
+
+use InvalidArgumentException as BaseInvalidArgumentException;
+
+class InvalidArgumentException extends BaseInvalidArgumentException
+{
+    /**
+     * Create a new invalid argument exception
+     *
+     * @param string $message The exception message
+     * @param int $code The exception code
+     * @param \Throwable|null $previous The previous exception
+     */
+    public function __construct(string $message = "", int $code = 0, ?\Throwable $previous = null)
+    {
+        parent::__construct($message, $code, $previous);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create an exception for invalid component count
+     *
+     * @param int $expected Expected number of components
+     * @param int $actual Actual number of components
+     * @return self
+     */
+    public static function invalidComponentCount(int $expected, int $actual): self
+    {
+        return new self(sprintf(
+            'Invalid number of components. Expected %d, got %d',
+            $expected,
+            $actual
+        ));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create an exception for non-numeric components
+     *
+     * @param array $components The invalid components
+     * @return self
+     */
+    public static function nonNumericComponents(array $components): self
+    {
+        return new self(sprintf(
+            'All components must be numeric. Got: %s',
+            implode(', ', array_map('gettype', $components))
+        ));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create an exception for different dimensions
+     *
+     * @param int $expected Expected dimension
+     * @param int $actual Actual dimension
+     * @return self
+     */
+    public static function differentDimensions(int $expected, int $actual): self
+    {
+        return new self(sprintf(
+            'Vectors must have the same dimension. Expected %d, got %d',
+            $expected,
+            $actual
+        ));
+    }
+} 

src/Interfaces/DataTypeInterface.php

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Nejcc\PhpDatatypes\Interfaces;
+
+interface DataTypeInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Get the value of the data type
+     *
+     * @return mixed
+     */
+    public function getValue(): mixed;
+
+    /**
+     * Set the value of the data type
+     *
+     * @param mixed $value
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function setValue(mixed $value): void;
+
+    /**
+     * Convert the data type to a string representation
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function __toString(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * Check if this data type equals another data type
+     *
+     * @param DataTypeInterface $other
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function equals(DataTypeInterface $other): bool;
+}