references.bib

@article{aagaard_considerations_2017,
  title   = {Some considerations about causes and effects in studies of performance-based research funding systems},
  volume  = {11},
  issn    = {1751-1577},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.joi.2017.05.018},
  number  = {3},
  journal = {J. Informetr.},
  author  = {Aagaard, Kaare and Schneider, Jesper W},
  month   = aug,
  year    = {2017},
  pages   = {923--926}
}

@article{abramo_farewell_2016,
  title    = {A farewell to the {MNCS} and like size-independent indicators},
  volume   = {10},
  issn     = {1751-1577},
  doi      = {10.1016/j.joi.2016.04.006},
  abstract = {The arguments presented demonstrate that the Mean Normalized Citation Score (MNCS) and other size-independent indicators based on the ratio to publications are not indicators of research performance. The article provides examples of the distortions when rankings by MNCS are compared to those based on indicators of productivity. The authors propose recommendations for the scientometric community to switch to ranking by research efficiency, instead of MNCS and other size-independent indicators.},
  number   = {2},
  journal  = {Journal of Informetrics},
  author   = {Abramo, Giovanni and D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea},
  month    = may,
  year     = {2016},
  pages    = {646--651}
}

@article{aksnes2019,
  title   = {Citations, Citation Indicators, and Research Quality: An Overview of Basic Concepts and Theories},
  author  = {Aksnes, Dag W. and Langfeldt, Liv and Wouters, Paul},
  year    = {2019},
  month   = {01},
  date    = {2019-01},
  journal = {SAGE Open},
  pages   = {215824401982957},
  volume  = {9},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1177/2158244019829575},
  url     = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2158244019829575},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{ali-khan2018,
  title   = {Defining Success in Open Science},
  author  = {Ali-Khan, Sarah E. and Jean, Antoine and MacDonald, Emily and Gold, E. Richard},
  year    = {2018},
  month   = {03},
  journal = {MNI Open Research},
  pages   = {2},
  volume  = {2},
  doi     = {10.12688/mniopenres.12780.2}
}

@article{ali2022,
  title   = {The Role of FAIR Data towards Sustainable Agricultural Performance: A Systematic Literature Review},
  author  = {Ali, Basharat and Dahlhaus, Peter},
  year    = {2022},
  journal = {Agriculture},
  pages   = {309},
  volume  = {12},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.3390/agriculture12020309}
}

@book{almerud2022,
  title     = {Knowledge ecosystems in the new ERA: using a competence based approach for career development in academia and beyond},
  author    = {Almerud, Mikaela and Ricksten, Maria and {O{\textquoteright}Neill}, Gareth and Weijden, Inge van der and Kaltenbrunner, Wolfgang and {Núñez}, Lidia and De Coen, An},
  year      = {2022},
  date      = {2022},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  url       = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/150763},
  langid    = {eng}
}

@article{altman2002,
  title   = {Poor-quality medical research: what can journals do?},
  author  = {Altman, Douglas G.},
  year    = {2002},
  month   = {06},
  date    = {2002-06-05},
  journal = {JAMA},
  pages   = {2765--2767},
  volume  = {287},
  number  = {21},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.287.21.2765},
  langid  = {eng}
}

@techreport{anaya2016,
  title  = {The GRIMMER test: A method for testing the validity of reported measures of variability},
  author = {Anaya, Jordan},
  year   = {2016},
  month  = {08},
  date   = {2016-08-29},
  url    = {https://peerj.com/preprints/2400},
  note   = {ISSN: 2167-9843
            DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.2400v1},
  langid = {en}
}

@misc{andrew2014,
  title  = {Open data for economic growth},
  author = {Andrew, Stott},
  year   = {2014},
  date   = {2014},
  url    = {https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/131621468154792082/Open-data-for-economic-growth},
  langid = {en}
}

@book{angrist2009,
  title     = {Mostly harmless econometrics: An empiricist's companion},
  author    = {Angrist, Joshua D. and Pischke, {Jörn-Steffen}},
  year      = {2009},
  date      = {2009},
  publisher = {Princeton university press},
  url       = {https://books.google.nl/books?hl=nl&lr=&id=YSAzEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Angrist,+J.+D.,+%26+Pischke,+J.+S.+(2009).+Mostly+harmless+econometrics:+An+empiricist%E2%80%99s+companion.+Princeton+university+press.&ots=qgAqFscB1d&sig=Y9uDZOjSDmM7BBf6ViGKfbHR34U}
}

@article{antoniou2007,
  title   = {A methodology for the estimation of value-of-time using state-of-the-art econometric models},
  author  = {Antoniou, Constantinos and Matsoukis, Evangelos and Roussi, Penelope},
  year    = {2007},
  date    = {2007},
  journal = {Journal of public transportation},
  pages   = {1{\textendash}19},
  volume  = {10},
  number  = {3},
  url     = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077291X22002995},
  note    = {Publisher: Elsevier}
}

@article{arewa,
  title  = {OPEN ACCESS IN A CLOSED UNIVERSE: LEXIS, WESTLAW, LAW SCHOOLS, AND THE LEGAL INFORMATION MARKET},
  author = {Arewa, Olufunmilayo B},
  volume = {10},
  langid = {en}
}

@article{arif2023,
  title   = {Applying the structural causal model framework for observational causal inference in ecology},
  author  = {Arif, Suchinta and MacNeil, M. Aaron},
  year    = {2023},
  date    = {2023},
  journal = {Ecological Monographs},
  pages   = {e1554},
  volume  = {93},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1002/ecm.1554},
  url     = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ecm.1554}
}

@article{armitage2020,
  title   = {Mapping scholarly publications related to the Sustainable Development Goals: Do independent bibliometric approaches get the same results?},
  author  = {Armitage, Caroline S. and Lorenz, Marta and Mikki, Susanne},
  year    = {2020},
  month   = {08},
  date    = {2020-08-01},
  journal = {Quantitative Science Studies},
  pages   = {1092--1108},
  volume  = {1},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1162/qss_a_00071},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00071}
}

@article{arshad2016,
  title   = {Open Access Could Transform Drug Discovery: A Case Study of JQ1},
  author  = {Arshad, Zeeshaan and Smith, James and Roberts, Mackenna and Lee, Wen Hwa and Davies, Ben and Bure, Kim and Hollander, Georg A. and Dopson, Sue and Bountra, Chas and Brindley, David},
  year    = {2016},
  journal = {Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery},
  pages   = {321--332},
  volume  = {11},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1517/17460441.2016.1144587}
}

@article{arzberger_promoting_2004,
  title    = {Promoting {Access} to {Public} {Research} {Data} for {Scientific}, {Economic}, and {Social} {Development}},
  volume   = {3},
  issn     = {1683-1470},
  doi      = {10.2481/dsj.3.135},
  language = {en},
  journal  = {Data Science Journal},
  author   = {Arzberger, P and Schroeder, P and Beaulieu, A and Bowker, G and Casey, K and Laaksonen, L and Moorman, D and Uhlir, P and Wouters, P},
  year     = {2004},
  pages    = {135--152}
}

@article{assen2014,
  title   = {Why Publishing Everything Is More Effective than Selective Publishing of Statistically Significant Results},
  author  = {Assen, Marcel A. L. M. van and Aert, Robbie C. M. van and Nuijten, {Michèle B.} and Wicherts, Jelte M.},
  year    = {2014},
  journal = {PLOS ONE},
  pages   = {e84896},
  volume  = {9},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0084896}
}

@article{azoulay2019,
  title   = {Public R\&D Investments and Private-sector Patenting: Evidence from NIH Funding Rules},
  author  = {Azoulay, Pierre and Graff Zivin, Joshua S and Li, Danielle and Sampat, Bhaven N},
  year    = {2019},
  month   = {01},
  date    = {2019-01-01},
  journal = {The Review of Economic Studies},
  pages   = {117--152},
  volume  = {86},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1093/restud/rdy034},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{baker2016,
  title   = {1,500 scientists lift the lid on reproducibility},
  author  = {Baker, Monya},
  year    = {2016},
  month   = {05},
  date    = {2016-05-01},
  journal = {Nature},
  pages   = {452--454},
  volume  = {533},
  number  = {7604},
  doi     = {10.1038/533452a},
  url     = {https://www.nature.com/articles/533452a},
  note    = {Number: 7604
             Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{balke2012,
  title   = {Bounds on Treatment Effects from Studies with Imperfect Compliance},
  author  = {Balke, Alexander and Pearl, Judea},
  year    = {2012},
  month   = {02},
  date    = {2012-02-17},
  journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
  url     = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621459.1997.10474074}
}

@techreport{beagrie2012,
  title  = {Economic Impact Evaluation of the Economic and Social Data Service},
  author = {Beagrie, N. and Houghton, J.},
  year   = {2012}
}

@techreport{beagrie2014,
  title  = {The Value and Impact of Data Sharing and Curation. A synthesis of three recent studies of UK research data centres},
  author = {Beagrie, Neil and Houghton, John},
  year   = {2014}
}

@techreport{beagrie2016,
  title  = {The Value and Impact of the European Bioinformatics Institute},
  author = {Beagrie, N. and Houghton, J.},
  year   = {2016},
  url    = {https://www.embl.org/documents/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/EMBL-EBI_Impact_report-2016-summary.pdf}
}

@techreport{beagrie2021,
  title  = {Data-driven discovery: The value and impact of EMBL-EBI managed data resources},
  author = {Beagrie, Neil and Houghton, John},
  year   = {2021}
}

@book{bellis2009,
  title     = {Bibliometrics and Citation Analysis: From the Science Citation Index to Cybermetrics},
  author    = {Bellis, Nicola De},
  year      = {2009},
  month     = {03},
  date      = {2009-03-09},
  publisher = {Scarecrow Press},
  note      = {Google-Books-ID: ma4YjaKyM9cC},
  langid    = {en}
}

@article{berrie_depicting_2025,
  title      = {Depicting deterministic variables within directed acyclic graphs: an aid for identifying and interpreting causal effects involving derived variables and compositional data},
  volume     = {194},
  issn       = {0002-9262},
  shorttitle = {Depicting deterministic variables within directed acyclic graphs},
  doi        = {10.1093/aje/kwae153},
  number     = {2},
  urldate    = {2025-08-13},
  journal    = {American Journal of Epidemiology},
  author     = {Berrie, Laurie and Arnold, Kellyn F and Tomova, Georgia D and Gilthorpe, Mark S and Tennant, Peter W G},
  month      = feb,
  year       = {2025},
  pages      = {469--479}
}

@article{bol2018,
  title   = {The Matthew effect in science funding},
  author  = {Bol, Thijs and de Vaan, Mathijs and van de Rijt, Arnout},
  year    = {2018},
  month   = {05},
  date    = {2018-05},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  pages   = {4887{\textendash}4890},
  volume  = {115},
  number  = {19},
  doi     = {10.1073/pnas.1719557115}
}

@article{bornmann_scientific_2011,
  title   = {Scientific peer review},
  volume  = {45},
  issn    = {00664200},
  doi     = {10.1002/aris.2011.1440450112},
  number  = {1},
  urldate = {2023-03-14},
  journal = {Annual Review of Information Science and Technology},
  author  = {Bornmann, Lutz},
  year    = {2011},
  pages   = {197--245}
}

@article{bornmann2005,
  title   = {Selection of research fellowship recipients by committee peer review. Reliability, fairness and predictive validity of Board of Trustees' decisions},
  author  = {Bornmann, Lutz and Daniel, Hans-Dieter},
  year    = {2005},
  month   = {04},
  date    = {2005-04},
  journal = {Scientometrics},
  pages   = {297--320},
  volume  = {63},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11192-005-0214-2},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{bornmann2011,
  title   = {Scientific peer review},
  author  = {Bornmann, Lutz},
  year    = {2011},
  date    = {2011},
  journal = {Annual Review of Information Science and Technology},
  pages   = {197--245},
  volume  = {45},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1002/aris.2011.1440450112},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{bornmann2016,
  title   = {Normalization of Mendeley reader impact on the reader-and paper-side: A comparison of the mean discipline normalized reader score (MDNRS) with the mean normalized reader score (MNRS) and bare reader counts},
  author  = {Bornmann, Lutz and Haunschild, Robin},
  year    = {2016},
  date    = {2016},
  journal = {Journal of informetrics},
  pages   = {776{\textendash}788},
  volume  = {10},
  number  = {3},
  url     = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751157715302042?casa_token=ELHyBW0l9fkAAAAA:xQZdUUdSwU2Mj4cnnxcutszCKKNrGMPoXCMywNk5Mp5ehrwFAV3I_DuCGSJ7bXWHr-ExrXVxrEE},
  note    = {Publisher: Elsevier}
}

@article{bornmann2016a,
  title   = {Policy documents as sources for measuring societal impact: how often is climate change research mentioned in policy-related documents?},
  author  = {Bornmann, Lutz and Haunschild, Robin and Marx, Werner},
  year    = {2016},
  month   = {12},
  date    = {2016-12-01},
  journal = {Scientometrics},
  pages   = {1477--1495},
  volume  = {109},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11192-016-2115-y},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-016-2115-y},
  langid  = {en}
}

@book{bourdieu2000,
  title     = {Pascalian Meditations},
  author    = {Bourdieu, Pierre},
  year      = {2000},
  date      = {2000},
  publisher = {Stanford University Press},
  note      = {Google-Books-ID: Or0tmdjsiKsC},
  langid    = {en}
}

@unpublished{bracco2022,
  title  = {Extending the open monitoring of open science},
  author = {Bracco, Laetitia and {L'Hôte}, Anne and Jeangirard, Eric and Torny, Didier},
  year   = {2022},
  month  = {04},
  date   = {2022-04},
  url    = {https://hal.science/hal-03651518}
}

@article{brembs2019,
  title   = {Reliable novelty: New should not trump true},
  author  = {Brembs, {Björn}},
  year    = {2019},
  month   = {02},
  date    = {2019-02-12},
  journal = {PLOS Biology},
  pages   = {e3000117},
  volume  = {17},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pbio.3000117},
  url     = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000117}
}

@techreport{brown2016,
  title  = {The GRIM test: A simple technique detects numerous anomalies in the reporting of results in psychology},
  author = {Brown, Nicholas J. L. and Heathers, James A.},
  year   = {2016},
  month  = {05},
  date   = {2016-05-23},
  url    = {https://peerj.com/preprints/2064v1},
  note   = {DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.2064v1},
  langid = {en}
}

@article{bryan2021,
  title   = {The impact of open access mandates on invention},
  author  = {Bryan, Kevin A. and Ozcan, Yasin},
  year    = {2021},
  date    = {2021},
  journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
  pages   = {954{\textendash}967},
  volume  = {103},
  number  = {5},
  url     = {https://direct.mit.edu/rest/article-abstract/103/5/954/97689},
  note    = {Publisher: MIT Press One Rogers Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1209, USA journals-info {\ldots}}
}

@article{budi2022,
  title   = {Understanding the meanings of citations using sentiment, role, and citation function classifications},
  author  = {Budi, Indra and Yaniasih, Yaniasih},
  year    = {2022},
  month   = {11},
  date    = {2022-11-01},
  journal = {Scientometrics},
  pages   = {1--25},
  volume  = {128},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11192-022-04567-4}
}

@article{butler_explaining_2003,
  title   = {Explaining {Australia}'s increased share of {ISI} publications—the effects of a funding formula based on publication counts},
  volume  = {32},
  issn    = {0048-7333},
  doi     = {10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00007-0},
  number  = {1},
  journal = {Res. Policy},
  author  = {Butler, Linda},
  month   = jan,
  year    = {2003},
  pages   = {143--155}
}

@article{carlin2023,
  title   = {Where is all the research software? An analysis of software in UK academic repositories},
  author  = {Carlin, Domhnall and Rainer, Austen and Wilson, David},
  year    = {2023},
  date    = {2023},
  journal = {PeerJ Computer Science},
  pages   = {e1546},
  volume  = {9},
  url     = {https://peerj.com/articles/cs-1546/},
  note    = {Publisher: PeerJ Inc.}
}

@article{castelnovo2023,
  title   = {A quasi-experimental design to assess the innovative impact of public procurement: An application to the Italian space industry},
  author  = {Castelnovo, Paolo and {Clò}, Stefano and Florio, Massimo},
  year    = {2023},
  date    = {2023},
  journal = {Technovation},
  pages   = {102683},
  volume  = {121},
  url     = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166497222002346?casa_token=NLSeE0yU4CYAAAAA:eroUHhMPLxXnuuPLwwwzbLMcouUXwwfSkJGtnJRLYvsILfJNBW6mbfbwRWobjAMT_gOD3WAFMqg},
  note    = {Publisher: Elsevier}
}

@unpublished{catalano_forthcoming,
  author = {Catalano, G. and Florio, M. and Articolo, R. and Consiglio, G. and Eggleton, D.},
  note   = {forthcoming},
  title  = {Diamond contribution to the development of an innovative vaccine for the Foot-and-Mouth Disease: a veterinary pathology of global significance, case study report}
}

@article{catalano2021,
  title   = {From scientific experiments to innovation: Impact pathways of a Synchrotron Light Facility},
  author  = {Catalano, Gelsomina and {López}, {Gaston García} and {Sánchez}, Alejandro and Vignetti, Silvia},
  year    = {2021},
  month   = {09},
  date    = {2021-09},
  journal = {Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics},
  pages   = {447--472},
  volume  = {92},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1111/apce.12322},
  url     = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/apce.12322},
  langid  = {en}
}

@inproceedings{cazacu2023,
  title     = {Revealing the role of values in developing a garden data ecosystem through a reflective participatory design approach},
  author    = {Cazacu, Silvia and Mulder, Ingrid and Vande Moere, Andrew and Steenberghen, {Thérèse}},
  year      = {2023},
  month     = {05},
  date      = {2023-05-29},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  pages     = {156{\textendash}162},
  series    = {C&T '23},
  doi       = {10.1145/3593743.3593777},
  url       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3593743.3593777},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA}
}

@inproceedings{chan_cost_2015,
  title     = {Cost {Impact} in {Managing} the {Transition} to an {Open} {Access} {Model}},
  isbn      = {978-1-941269-03-9},
  doi       = {10.5703/1288284315595},
  booktitle = {The {Importance} of {Being} {Earnest}},
  publisher = {Against the Grain},
  author    = {Chan, Gayle Rosemary},
  month     = sep,
  year      = {2015},
  pages     = {358--362}
}

@article{chandra2024,
  author  = {Chandra, A., Kao, J., Miller, K. L., & Stern, A. D.},
  title   = {Regulatory Incentives for Innovation: The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation},
  year    = {2024},
  journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics},
  pages   = {1--46},
  doi     = {10.1162/rest_a_01434}
}

@inbook{chataway2018,
  title     = {How Will Open Science Impact on University/Industry Collaborations?},
  author    = {Chataway, Joanna and Parks, Sarah and Smith, Elta},
  editor    = {Meissner, Dirk and Erdil, Erkan and Chataway, Joanna},
  year      = {2018},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  pages     = {265--282},
  series    = {Science, Technology and Innovation Studies},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62649-9_12},
  note      = {DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62649-9{\_}12},
  address   = {Cham}
}

@inproceedings{chen2017,
  title     = {2017 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM)},
  author    = {Chen, Sheng-Chih and Chen, Yi-Cheng and Chen, Wei-Lin},
  year      = {2017},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  pages     = {469--474},
  doi       = {10.1109/ISM.2017.93},
  url       = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8241659/},
  address   = {Taichung}
}

@inproceedings{cinelli_sensitivity_2019,
  title     = {Sensitivity {Analysis} of {Linear} {Structural} {Causal} {Models}},
  url       = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v97/cinelli19a.html},
  abstract  = {Causal inference requires assumptions about the data generating process, many of which are unverifiable from the data. Given that some causal assumptions might be uncertain or disputed, formal methods are needed to quantify how sensitive research conclusions are to violations of those assumptions. Although an extensive literature exists on the topic, most results are limited to specific model structures, while a general-purpose algorithmic framework for sensitivity analysis is still lacking. In this paper, we develop a formal, systematic approach to sensitivity analysis for arbitrary linear Structural Causal Models (SCMs). We start by formalizing sensitivity analysis as a constrained identification problem. We then develop an efficient, graph-based identification algorithm that exploits non-zero constraints on both directed and bidirected edges. This allows researchers to systematically derive sensitivity curves for a target causal quantity with an arbitrary set of path coefficients and error covariances as sensitivity parameters. These results can be used to display the degree to which violations of causal assumptions affect the target quantity of interest, and to judge, on scientific grounds, whether problematic degrees of violations are plausible.},
  urldate   = {2023-12-18},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th {International} {Conference} on {Machine} {Learning}},
  publisher = {PMLR},
  author    = {Cinelli, Carlos and Kumor, Daniel and Chen, Bryant and Pearl, Judea and Bareinboim, Elias},
  month     = may,
  year      = {2019},
  pages     = {1252--1261}
}

@book{citizen2018,
  title     = {Citizen Science: Innovation in Open Science, Society and Policy},
  editor    = {Hecker, Susanne and Haklay, Muki and Bowser, Anne and Makuch, Zen and Vogel, Johannes and Bonn, Aletta},
  year      = {2018},
  month     = {10},
  date      = {2018-10-15},
  publisher = {UCL Press},
  url       = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctv550cf2},
  note      = {DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv550cf2},
  langid    = {en}
}

@article{civan2010,
  author  = {Ci̇van, A. and Köksal, B.},
  title   = {The effect of newer drugs on health spending: Do they really increase the costs?},
  year    = {2010},
  journal = {Health Economics},
  issue   = {19},
  volume  = {5},
  pages   = {581--595},
  doi     = {10.1002/hec.1494}
}

@article{Cobo2011AnAF,
  title   = {An approach for detecting, quantifying, and visualizing the evolution of a research field: A practical application to the Fuzzy Sets Theory field},
  author  = {M.J. Cobo and Antonio Gabriel L{\'o}pez-Herrera and Enrique Herrera-Viedma and Francisco Herrera},
  journal = {J. Informetrics},
  year    = {2011},
  volume  = {5},
  pages   = {146-166},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:9814348}
}

@misc{codeof,
  title  = {Code of Practice},
  url    = {https://www.countermetrics.org/code-of-practice/},
  langid = {en}
}

@article{cohen2002,
  title   = {Links and Impacts: The Influence of Public Research on Industrial R&D},
  author  = {Cohen, Wesley M. and Nelson, Richard R. and Walsh, John P.},
  year    = {2002},
  month   = {01},
  date    = {2002-01},
  journal = {Management Science},
  pages   = {1--23},
  volume  = {48},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1287/mnsc.48.1.1.14273},
  url     = {https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/10.1287/mnsc.48.1.1.14273},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{colavizza2020,
  title   = {The citation advantage of linking publications to research data},
  author  = {Colavizza, Giovanni and Hrynaszkiewicz, Iain and Staden, Isla and Whitaker, Kirstie and McGillivray, Barbara},
  year    = {2020},
  month   = {04},
  date    = {2020-04-22},
  journal = {PLOS ONE},
  pages   = {e0230416},
  volume  = {15},
  number  = {4},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0230416},
  url     = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0230416},
  note    = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{cole_chance_1981,
  title   = {Chance and consensus in peer review},
  volume  = {214},
  issn    = {0036-8075},
  doi     = {10.1126/science.7302566},
  number  = {4523},
  journal = {Science},
  author  = {Cole, Stephen and Cole, J R and Simon, G A},
  year    = {1981},
  pmid    = {7302566},
  pages   = {881--886}
}

@article{cole_societal_2024,
  title      = {The societal impact of {Open} {Science}: a scoping review},
  volume     = {11},
  shorttitle = {The societal impact of {Open} {Science}},
  doi        = {10.1098/rsos.240286},
  abstract   = {Open Science (OS) aims, in part, to drive greater societal impact of academic research. Government, funder and institutional policies state that it should further democratize research and increase learning and awareness, evidence-based policy-making, the relevance of research to society's problems, and public trust in research. Yet, measuring the societal impact of OS has proven challenging and synthesized evidence of it is lacking. This study fills this gap by systematically scoping the existing evidence of societal impact driven by OS and its various aspects, including Citizen Science (CS), Open Access (OA), Open/FAIR Data (OFD), Open Code/Software and others. Using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews and searches conducted in Web of Science, Scopus and relevant grey literature, we identified 196 studies that contain evidence of societal impact. The majority concern CS, with some focused on OA, and only a few addressing other aspects. Key areas of impact found are education and awareness, climate and environment, and social engagement. We found no literature documenting evidence of the societal impact of OFD and limited evidence of societal impact in terms of policy, health, and trust in academic research. Our findings demonstrate a critical need for additional evidence and suggest practical and policy implications.},
  number     = {6},
  urldate    = {2024-06-27},
  journal    = {Royal Society Open Science},
  author     = {Cole, Nicki Lisa and Kormann, Eva and Klebel, Thomas and Apartis, Simon and Ross-Hellauer, Tony},
  month      = jun,
  year       = {2024},
  note       = {Publisher: Royal Society},
  pages      = {240286}
}

@article{conti2021,
  author  = {Conti, A. and Peukert, C. and Roche, M.},
  title   = {Beefing IT up for your Investor? Open Sourcing and Start-up Funding: Evidence from GitHub.},
  journal = {SSRN Journal},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.2139/ssrn.3883936}
}

@article{coppi2023,
  title   = {Scientific literacy assessment instruments: a systematic literature review},
  author  = {Coppi, Marcelo and Fialho, Isabel and Cid, {Marília}},
  year    = {2023},
  date    = {2023},
  journal = {Educação em Revista},
  pages   = {e37523},
  volume  = {39},
  doi     = {10.1590/0102-4698237523-t},
  url     = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-46982023000100114&tlng=en}
}

@book{cost-ben2018,
  title     = {Cost-benefit analysis for FAIR research data: cost of not having FAIR research data},
  year      = {2018},
  date      = {2018},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  url       = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/02999},
  langid    = {eng}
}

@article{crescenzi2017,
  author  = {Crescenzi, Riccardo and Filippetti, Andrea and Iammarino, Simona},
  title   = {Academic inventors: collaboration and proximity with industry},
  journal = {Journal of Technology Transfer},
  year    = {2017},
  volume  = {42},
  issue   = {4},
  pages   = {730--762},
  doi     = {10.1007/s10961-016-9550-z}
}

@book{cunningham_causal_2021,
  title     = {Causal {Inference}},
  isbn      = {978-0-300-25168-5},
  publisher = {Yale University Press},
  author    = {Cunningham, Scott},
  month     = jan,
  year      = {2021}
}

@book{cunningham2021,
  title     = {Causal inference: The mixtape},
  author    = {Cunningham, Scott},
  year      = {2021},
  date      = {2021},
  publisher = {Yale university press},
  url       = {https://books.google.nl/books?hl=nl&lr=&id=PSEMEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Cunningham,+S.+(2021).+Causal+inference:+The+mixtape.+Yale+university+press.&ots=YXqtpBT5oH&sig=aNbWcpfItJKPd6ljn83iu6OImR4}
}

@misc{datacite_data_2024,
  title     = {Data {Citation} {Corpus} {Data} {File}},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.11216814},
  publisher = {DataCite},
  author    = {DataCite and Count, Make Data},
  month     = may,
  year      = {2024}
}

@misc{datasci,
  title = {Data Science Competence Framework (CF-DS) | Edison Project},
  url   = {https://edison-project.eu/data-science-competence-framework-cf-ds/}
}

@article{davies2016,
  title   = {Researching the emerging impacts of open data: revisiting the ODDC conceptual framework},
  author  = {Davies, Tim and Perini, Fernando},
  year    = {2016},
  month   = {06},
  date    = {2016-06-21},
  journal = {The Journal of Community Informatics},
  volume  = {12},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.15353/joci.v12i2.3246}
}

@article{davis_open_2008,
  title   = {Open access publishing, article downloads, and citations: {Randomised} controlled trial},
  volume  = {337},
  issn    = {0959-8138, 0959-8146},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmj.a568},
  number  = {7665},
  journal = {BMJ},
  author  = {Davis, Philip M and Lewenstein, Bruce V and Simon, Daniel H and Booth, James G and Connolly, Mathew J L},
  month   = aug,
  year    = {2008},
  pages   = {343--345}
}

@misc{davis_reanalysis_2020,
  title    = {Reanalysis of {Tweeting} {Study} {Yields} {No} {Citation} {Benefit}},
  url      = {https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2020/07/13/tweeting-study-yields-no-benefit/},
  abstract = {Scientific authorship comes with benefits, but also responsibilities. If authors are unwilling to explain their work, editors must step up to defend their journal.},
  urldate  = {2023-12-16},
  journal  = {The Scholarly Kitchen},
  author   = {Davis, Philip M},
  month    = jul,
  year     = {2020}
}

@article{deboer2000,
  title   = {Scientific literacy: Another look at its historical and contemporary meanings and its relationship to science education reform},
  author  = {DeBoer, George E.},
  year    = {2000},
  month   = {08},
  date    = {2000-08},
  journal = {Journal of Research in Science Teaching},
  pages   = {582--601},
  volume  = {37},
  number  = {6},
  doi     = {10.1002/1098-2736(200008)37:6<582::AID-TEA5>3.0.CO;2-L},
  url     = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/1098-2736(200008)37:6<582::AID-TEA5>3.0.CO;2-L},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{deffner2022,
  title   = {A Causal Framework for Cross-Cultural Generalizability},
  author  = {Deffner, Dominik and Rohrer, Julia M. and McElreath, Richard},
  year    = {2022},
  month   = {07},
  date    = {2022-07-01},
  journal = {Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science},
  pages   = {25152459221106366},
  volume  = {5},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1177/25152459221106366},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459221106366}
}

@article{delugas2023,
  title  = {PathOS - D4.1 Methodological note on the CBA of open science practices},
  author = {Delugas, Erica and Catalano, Gelsomina and Vignetti, Silvia},
  year   = {2023},
  month  = {12},
  date   = {2023-12-06},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/10277642},
  note   = {Publisher: Zenodo},
  langid = {eng}
}

@article{delugas2023a,
  title  = {PathOS - D4.1 Methodological note on the CBA of open science practices},
  author = {Delugas, Erica and Catalano, Gelsomina and Vignetti, Silvia},
  year   = {2023},
  month  = {12},
  date   = {2023-12-06},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/10277642},
  note   = {Publisher: Zenodo},
  langid = {eng}
}

@article{demchenko2021,
  title  = {D7.3 FAIR Competence Framework for Higher Education (Data Stewardship Professional Competence Framework)},
  author = {Demchenko, Yuri and Stoy, Lennart and Engelhardt, Claudia and Gaillard, Vinciane},
  year   = {2021},
  month  = {02},
  date   = {2021-02-24},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/5361917},
  note   = {Publisher: Zenodo},
  langid = {eng}
}

@misc{devaraju_f-uji_2024,
  title     = {F-{UJI} - {An} {Automated} {FAIR} {Data} {Assessment} {Tool}},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  author    = {Devaraju, Anusuriya and Huber, Robert},
  month     = nov,
  year      = {2024},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.14179165}
}

@misc{digital,
  title  = {Digital competencies {\textendash} urgently needed! October 2019},
  url    = {https://rfii.de/download/digital-competencies-urgently-needed-october-2019/},
  langid = {ngerman}
}

@article{dong_beyond_2022,
  title      = {Beyond correlation: {Towards} matching strategy for causal inference in {Information} {Science}},
  volume     = {48},
  issn       = {0165-5515},
  shorttitle = {Beyond correlation},
  url        = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551520979868},
  doi        = {10.1177/0165551520979868},
  number     = {6},
  urldate    = {2024-01-07},
  journal    = {Journal of Information Science},
  author     = {Dong, Xianlei and Xu, Jiahui and Bu, Yi and Zhang, Chenwei and Ding, Ying and Hu, Beibei and Ding, Yang},
  month      = dec,
  year       = {2022},
  pages      = {735--748}
}

@article{downs2021,
  title   = {Perspectives on Citizen Science Data Quality},
  author  = {Downs, Robert R. and Ramapriyan, Hampapuram K. and Peng, Ge and Wei, Yaxing},
  year    = {2021},
  month   = {04},
  date    = {2021-04-09},
  journal = {Frontiers in Climate},
  volume  = {3},
  doi     = {10.3389/fclim.2021.615032},
  url     = {https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/climate/articles/10.3389/fclim.2021.615032/full},
  note    = {Publisher: Frontiers},
  langid  = {English}
}

@article{dreber2015,
  title   = {Using prediction markets to estimate the reproducibility of scientific research},
  author  = {Dreber, Anna and Pfeiffer, Thomas and Almenberg, Johan and Isaksson, Siri and Wilson, Brad and Chen, Yiling and Nosek, Brian A. and Johannesson, Magnus},
  year    = {2015},
  month   = {12},
  date    = {2015-12-15},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  pages   = {15343--15347},
  volume  = {112},
  number  = {50},
  doi     = {10.1073/pnas.1516179112},
  url     = {https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1516179112},
  note    = {Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}
}

@article{du2021,
  title   = {Softcite dataset: A dataset of software mentions in biomedical and economic research publications},
  author  = {Du, Caifan and Cohoon, Johanna and Lopez, Patrice and Howison, James},
  year    = {2021},
  month   = {07},
  date    = {2021-07},
  journal = {Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology},
  pages   = {870--884},
  volume  = {72},
  number  = {7},
  doi     = {10.1002/asi.24454},
  url     = {https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24454},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{dulongderosnay2014,
  title   = {Legal and Institutional Challenges for Opening Data across Public Sectors: Towards Common Policy Solutions},
  author  = {Dulong de Rosnay, Melanie and Janssen, Katleen},
  year    = {2014},
  month   = {09},
  date    = {2014-09},
  journal = {Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research},
  pages   = {1--14},
  volume  = {9},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.4067/S0718-18762014000300002},
  url     = {http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0718-18762014000300002&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en},
  note    = {Publisher: Universidad de Talca}
}

@article{dziallas_innovation_2019,
  title      = {Innovation indicators throughout the innovation process: {An} extensive literature analysis},
  volume     = {80-81},
  issn       = {0166-4972},
  shorttitle = {Innovation indicators throughout the innovation process},
  url        = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166497217301402},
  doi        = {10.1016/j.technovation.2018.05.005},
  abstract   = {How to evaluate innovations, especially in the beginning of new product development, is a question constantly posed by academics, managers, and policymakers. One reason for this is that improved front-end decisions greatly affect company performance. To find the answers to this question, this review article analyzes scientific publications on innovation indicators published between 1980 and 2015. The objective of this article is to increase the understanding of the indicator landscape and to complement the various stages of the innovation process with relevant indicators. In doing so, this study categorizes the identified indicators into company-specific and contextual dimensions. Furthermore, this study analyzes the indicators in terms of their potential for ex-ante and ex-post evaluation and investigates the characteristics of relevant publications. The analysis finds that more process rather than product indicators exist in the literature. Current publications emphasize qualitative and indirect indicators but neglect indicators for the early stages of the innovation process. The review identifies 82 unique indicators to evaluate innovations including 26 indicators for the early stages. The results can help managers, researchers, and policymakers to better understand the innovation process and the indicator landscape. However, more concrete indicators are needed to improve front-end innovation decisions.},
  urldate    = {2025-08-26},
  journal    = {Technovation},
  author     = {Dziallas, Marisa and Blind, Knut},
  month      = feb,
  year       = {2019},
  pages      = {3--29}
}

@techreport{EC_impact_2021,
  address = {Brussels},
  title   = {The impact of {Open} {Source} {Software} and {Hardware} on technological independence, competitiveness and innovation in the {EU} economy},
  author  = {European Commission and Blind, K. and Böhm, M. and Grzegorzewska, P. and Katz, A. and Muto, S. and Schubert, T.},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.2759/430161}
}

@book{EC-DGRI2018,
  title     = {Cost-benefit analysis for FAIR research data: cost of not having FAIR research data.},
  author    = {{European Commission. Directorate General for Research and Innovation.} and {PwC EU Services.}},
  year      = {2018},
  publisher = {Publications Office},
  doi       = {10.2777/02999},
  url       = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/02999}
}

@book{EC2018,
  title     = {Cost-benefit analysis for FAIR research data: cost of not having FAIR research data},
  year      = {2018},
  date      = {2018},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  url       = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/02999},
  langid    = {eng}
}

@article{EC2023,
  title  = {Evidence Framework  for the monitoring and evaluation of Horizon Europe},
  langid = {en}
}

@inbook{elwert2013,
  title     = {Graphical Causal Models},
  author    = {Elwert, Felix},
  editor    = {Morgan, Stephen L.},
  year      = {2013},
  date      = {2013},
  publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
  pages     = {245--273},
  series    = {Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-94-007-6094-3_13},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6094-3_13},
  address   = {Dordrecht}
}

@article{esterling_necessity_2025,
  title     = {The necessity of construct and external validity for deductive causal inference},
  volume    = {13},
  copyright = {De Gruyter expressly reserves the right to use all content for commercial text and data mining within the meaning of Section 44b of the German Copyright Act.},
  issn      = {2193-3685},
  url       = {https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jci-2024-0002/html},
  doi       = {10.1515/jci-2024-0002},
  number    = {1},
  urldate   = {2025-02-22},
  journal   = {Journal of Causal Inference},
  author    = {Esterling, Kevin M. and Brady, David and Schwitzgebel, Eric},
  month     = jan,
  year      = {2025}
}

@article{estimati2015,
  title   = {Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science},
  year    = {2015},
  month   = {08},
  date    = {2015-08-28},
  journal = {Science},
  pages   = {aac4716},
  volume  = {349},
  number  = {6251},
  doi     = {10.1126/science.aac4716},
  url     = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aac4716},
  langid  = {en}
}

@book{EU2020,
  title     = {The economic impact of open data: opportunities for value creation in Europe},
  author    = {Publications Office of the European Union,  and Huyer, Esther and Knippenberg, Laura van},
  year      = {2020},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  doi       = {10.2830/63132},
  url       = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2830/63132},
  langid    = {eng}
}

@article{fang2020,
  title   = {An extensive analysis of the presence of altmetric data for Web of Science publications across subject fields and research topics},
  author  = {Fang, Zhichao and Costas, Rodrigo and Tian, Wencan and Wang, Xianwen and Wouters, Paul},
  year    = {2020},
  month   = {09},
  date    = {2020-09-01},
  journal = {Scientometrics},
  pages   = {2519--2549},
  volume  = {124},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11192-020-03564-9},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03564-9},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{fang2024,
  title  = {Science cited in policy documents: Evidence from the Overton database},
  author = {Fang, Zhichao and Dudek, Jonathan and Noyons, Ed and Costas, Rodrigo},
  doi    = {10.48550/arXiv.2407.09854},
  year   = {2024}
}

@inbook{fecher2014,
  title     = {Open Science: One Term, Five Schools of Thought},
  author    = {Fecher, Benedikt and Friesike, Sascha},
  editor    = {Bartling, {Sönke} and Friesike, Sascha},
  year      = {2014},
  date      = {2014},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  pages     = {17--47},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-00026-8_2},
  url       = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-00026-8_2},
  address   = {Cham}
}

@article{federer2018,
  title   = {Data sharing in PLOS ONE: An analysis of Data Availability Statements},
  author  = {Federer, Lisa M. and Belter, Christopher W. and Joubert, Douglas J. and Livinski, Alicia and Lu, Ya-Ling and Snyders, Lissa N. and Thompson, Holly},
  year    = {2018},
  month   = {05},
  date    = {2018-05-02},
  journal = {PLOS ONE},
  pages   = {e0194768},
  volume  = {13},
  number  = {5},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0194768},
  url     = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0194768},
  note    = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
  langid  = {en}
}


@article{feinstein2020,
  title   = {Individual truth judgments or purposeful, collective sensemaking? Rethinking science education{\textquoteright}s response to the post-truth era},
  author  = {Feinstein, Noah Weeth and Waddington, David Isaac},
  year    = {2020},
  journal = {Educational Psychologist},
  pages   = {155--166},
  volume  = {55},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1080/00461520.2020.1780130}
}


@article{fell2019,
  title   = {The economic impacts of open science: A rapid evidence assessment},
  author  = {Fell, Michael J.},
  year    = {2019},
  date    = {2019},
  journal = {Publications},
  pages   = {46},
  volume  = {7},
  number  = {3},
  url     = {https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6775/7/3/46},
  note    = {Publisher: MDPI}
}

@article{florio_big_2018,
  title      = {Big science, learning, and innovation: evidence from {CERN} procurement},
  volume     = {27},
  issn       = {0960-6491},
  shorttitle = {Big science, learning, and innovation},
  url        = {https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dty029},
  doi        = {10.1093/icc/dty029},
  abstract   = {We study the way in which public procurement by big research infrastructures enhances suppliers’ performance. Using survey data on 669 CERN’s suppliers, we built a unique data set to analyze, through an ordered logit model and Bayesian networks, the determinants of suppliers’ sales, profits, and development activities. We find that collaborative relations between CERN and its suppliers improve suppliers’ performance and increase positive spillovers along the supply chain. This suggests that public procurement as a mission-oriented innovation policy should promote cooperative relations and not only market mechanisms.},
  number     = {5},
  urldate    = {2025-08-26},
  journal    = {Industrial and Corporate Change},
  author     = {Florio, Massimo and Giffoni, Francesco and Giunta, Anna and Sirtori, Emanuela},
  month      = oct,
  year       = {2018},
  pages      = {915--936}
}


@article{fontana_new_2020,
  title   = {New and atypical combinations: {An} assessment of novelty and interdisciplinarity},
  volume  = {49},
  issn    = {0048-7333},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.respol.2020.104063},
  number  = {7},
  journal = {Res. Policy},
  author  = {Fontana, Magda and Iori, Martina and Montobbio, Fabio and Sinatra, Roberta},
  month   = sep,
  year    = {2020},
  pages   = {104063}
}

@article{forsell2019,
  title   = {Predicting replication outcomes in the Many Labs 2 study},
  author  = {Forsell, Eskil and Viganola, Domenico and Pfeiffer, Thomas and Almenberg, Johan and Wilson, Brad and Chen, Yiling and Nosek, Brian A. and Johannesson, Magnus and Dreber, Anna},
  year    = {2019},
  month   = {12},
  date    = {2019-12},
  journal = {Journal of Economic Psychology},
  pages   = {102117},
  volume  = {75},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.joep.2018.10.009},
  url     = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167487018303283},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{fraisl2020,
  title   = {Mapping citizen science contributions to the UN sustainable development goals},
  author  = {Fraisl, Dilek and Campbell, Jillian and See, Linda and Wehn, Uta and Wardlaw, Jessica and Gold, Margaret and Moorthy, Inian and Arias, Rosa and Piera, Jaume and Oliver, Jessica L. and {Masó}, Joan and Penker, Marianne and Fritz, Steffen},
  year    = {2020},
  month   = {11},
  date    = {2020-11},
  journal = {Sustainability Science},
  pages   = {1735--1751},
  volume  = {15},
  number  = {6},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11625-020-00833-7},
  url     = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11625-020-00833-7},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{funk2017,
  title   = {A Dynamic Network Measure of Technological Change},
  author  = {Funk, Russell J. and Owen-Smith, Jason},
  year    = {2017},
  month   = {03},
  date    = {2017-03},
  journal = {Management Science},
  pages   = {791--817},
  volume  = {63},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1287/mnsc.2015.2366},
  url     = {https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2366},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{gabelica2022,
  title   = {Many researchers were not compliant with their published data sharing statement: a mixed-methods study},
  author  = {Gabelica, Mirko and {Boj{\v{c}}i{\'{c}}}, {Ru{\v{z}}ica} and Puljak, Livia},
  year    = {2022},
  month   = {10},
  date    = {2022-10-01},
  journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
  pages   = {33--41},
  volume  = {150},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.05.019},
  url     = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089543562200141X},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{gharesifard2017,
  title   = {Towards benchmarking citizen observatories: Features and functioning of online amateur weather networks},
  author  = {Gharesifard, Mohammad and Wehn, Uta and van der Zaag, Pieter},
  year    = {2017},
  month   = {05},
  date    = {2017-05-15},
  journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
  pages   = {381--393},
  volume  = {193},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.02.003},
  url     = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030147971730107X}
}


@inproceedings{gialitsis2022,
  title     = {WWW '22: The ACM Web Conference 2022},
  author    = {Gialitsis, Nikolaos and Kotitsas, Sotiris and Papageorgiou, Haris},
  year      = {2022},
  month     = {04},
  date      = {2022-04-25},
  publisher = {ACM},
  pages     = {800--809},
  doi       = {10.1145/3487553.3524677},
  url       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3487553.3524677},
  address   = {Virtual Event, Lyon France},
  langid    = {en}
}


@inproceedings{gialitsis2022a,
  title     = {WWW '22: The ACM Web Conference 2022},
  author    = {Gialitsis, Nikolaos and Kotitsas, Sotiris and Papageorgiou, Haris},
  year      = {2022},
  month     = {04},
  date      = {2022-04-25},
  publisher = {ACM},
  pages     = {800--809},
  doi       = {10.1145/3487553.3524677},
  url       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3487553.3524677},
  address   = {Virtual Event, Lyon France},
  langid    = {en}
}

@inproceedings{gialitsis2022b,
  title     = {WWW '22: The ACM Web Conference 2022},
  author    = {Gialitsis, Nikolaos and Kotitsas, Sotiris and Papageorgiou, Haris},
  year      = {2022},
  month     = {04},
  date      = {2022-04-25},
  publisher = {ACM},
  pages     = {800--809},
  doi       = {10.1145/3487553.3524677},
  url       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3487553.3524677},
  address   = {Virtual Event, Lyon France},
  langid    = {en}
}

@article{giovani2017,
  author  = {Giovani, B.},
  title   = {Open Data for Research and Strategic Monitoring in the Pharmaceutical and Biotech Industry},
  year    = {2017},
  journal = {Data Science Journal},
  volume  = {16},
  pages   = {18},
  doi     = {10.5334/dsj-2017-018}
}

@article{glaser_governing_2016,
  title      = {Governing {Science}: {How} {Science} {Policy} {Shapes} {Research} {Content}},
  volume     = {57},
  issn       = {0003-9756, 1474-0583},
  shorttitle = {Governing {Science}},
  url        = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003975616000047/type/journal_article},
  doi        = {10.1017/S0003975616000047},
  abstract   = {This review explores contributions by science policy studies and the sociology of science to our understanding of the impact of governance on research content. Contributions are subsumed under two perspectives, namely an “impact of”—perspective that searches for effects of specific governance arrangements and an “impact on”—perspective that asks what factors contribute to the construction of research content and includes governance among them. Our review shows that little is known so far about the impact of governance on knowledge content. A research agenda does not necessarily need to include additional empirical phenomena but must address the macro-micro-macro link inherent to the question in its full complexity, and systematically exploit comparative approaches in order to establish causality. This requires interdisciplinary collaboration between science policy studies, the sociology of science, and bibliometrics, which all can contribute to the necessary analytical toolbox.},
  number     = {1},
  urldate    = {2023-03-14},
  journal    = {European Journal of Sociology},
  author     = {Gläser, Jochen and Laudel, Grit},
  month      = apr,
  year       = {2016},
  pages      = {117--168}
}

@article{goben2020,
  title  = {Open data repositories: Current risks and opportunities | Goben | College & Research Libraries News},
  author = {Goben, Abigail and Sandusky, Robert J.},
  year   = {2020},
  month  = {02},
  date   = {2020-02-04},
  doi    = {https://doi.org/10.5860/crln.81.1.62},
  url    = {https://crln.acrl.org/index.php/crlnews/article/view/24273},
  langid = {canadian}
}

@article{goodman_manuscript_1994,
  title   = {Manuscript {Quality} before and after {Peer} {Review} and {Editing} at {Annals} of {Internal} {Medicine}},
  volume  = {121},
  issn    = {0003-4819},
  url     = {https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/full/10.7326/0003-4819-121-1-199407010-00003},
  doi     = {10.7326/0003-4819-121-1-199407010-00003},
  number  = {1},
  urldate = {2023-12-16},
  journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine},
  author  = {Goodman, Steven N. and Berlin, Jesse and Fletcher, Suzanne W. and Fletcher, Robert H.},
  month   = jul,
  year    = {1994},
  pages   = {11--21}
}

@article{goodman1994,
  title   = {Manuscript Quality before and after Peer Review and Editing at Annals of Internal Medicine},
  author  = {Goodman, Steven N. and Berlin, Jesse and Fletcher, Suzanne W. and Fletcher, Robert H.},
  year    = {1994},
  month   = {07},
  date    = {1994-07},
  journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine},
  pages   = {11--21},
  volume  = {121},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.7326/0003-4819-121-1-199407010-00003}
}

@article{goodman2016,
  title   = {What does research reproducibility mean?},
  author  = {Goodman, Steven N. and Fanelli, Daniele and Ioannidis, John P. A.},
  year    = {2016},
  month   = {06},
  date    = {2016-06},
  journal = {Science Translational Medicine},
  volume  = {8},
  number  = {341},
  doi     = {10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf5027},
  url     = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf5027},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{gordon2021,
  title   = {Predicting replicability{\textemdash}Analysis of survey and prediction market data from large-scale forecasting projects},
  author  = {Gordon, Michael and Viganola, Domenico and Dreber, Anna and Johannesson, Magnus and Pfeiffer, Thomas},
  editor  = {Vianello, Michelangelo},
  year    = {2021},
  month   = {04},
  date    = {2021-04-14},
  journal = {PLOS ONE},
  pages   = {e0248780},
  volume  = {16},
  number  = {4},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0248780},
  url     = {https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248780},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{gormally2012,
  title   = {Developing a Test of Scientific Literacy Skills (TOSLS): Measuring Undergraduates{\textquoteright} Evaluation of Scientific Information and Arguments},
  author  = {Gormally, Cara and Brickman, Peggy and Lutz, Mary},
  year    = {2012},
  journal = {CBE{\textemdash}Life Sciences Education},
  pages   = {364--377},
  volume  = {11},
  number  = {4},
  doi     = {10.1187/cbe.12-03-0026}
}

@misc{goyal_causal_2024,
  title     = {Causal {Effect} of {Group} {Diversity} on {Redundancy} and {Coverage} in {Peer}-{Reviewing}},
  doi       = {10.48550/arXiv.2411.11437},
  abstract  = {A large host of scientific journals and conferences solicit peer reviews from multiple reviewers for the same submission, aiming to gather a broader range of perspectives and mitigate individual biases. In this work, we reflect on the role of diversity in the slate of reviewers assigned to evaluate a submitted paper as a factor in diversifying perspectives and improving the utility of the peer-review process. We propose two measures for assessing review utility: review coverage—reviews should cover most contents of the paper—and review redundancy—reviews should add information not already present in other reviews. We hypothesize that reviews from diverse reviewers will exhibit high coverage and low redundancy. We conduct a causal study of different measures of reviewer diversity on review coverage and redundancy using observational data from a peer-reviewed conference with approximately 5,000 submitted papers. Our study reveals disparate effects of different diversity measures on review coverage and redundancy. Our study finds that assigning a group of reviewers that are topically diverse, have different seniority levels, or have distinct publication networks leads to broader coverage of the paper or review criteria, but we find no evidence of an increase in coverage for reviewer slates with reviewers from diverse organizations or geographical locations. Reviewers from different organizations, seniority levels, topics, or publications networks (all except geographical diversity) lead to a decrease in redundancy in reviews. Furthermore, publication network-based diversity alone also helps bring in varying perspectives (that is, low redundancy), even within specific review criteria. Our study adopts a group decision-making perspective for reviewer assignments in peer review and suggests dimensions of diversity that can help guide the reviewer assignment process.},
  language  = {en},
  publisher = {arXiv},
  author    = {Goyal, Navita and Stelmakh, Ivan and Shah, Nihar and III, Hal Daumé},
  month     = nov,
  year      = {2024}
}

@article{grimme,
  title  = {The State of Open Monographs},
  author = {Grimme, Sara and Holland, Cathy and Potter, Peter and Taylor, Mike and Watkinson, Charles},
  langid = {en}
}

@article{group_fair_2020,
  title  = {{FAIR} {Data} {Maturity} {Model}. {Specification} and {Guidelines}},
  doi    = {10.15497/rda00050},
  author = {{FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group}},
  month  = jun,
  year   = {2020}
}

@techreport{gruenpeter2021,
  title  = {Defining Research Software: a controversial discussion},
  author = {Gruenpeter, Morane and Katz, Daniel S. and Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Honeyman, Tom and Garijo, Daniel and Struck, Alexander and Niehues, Anna and Martinez, Paula Andrea and Castro, Leyla Jael and Rabemanantsoa, Tovo and Chue Hong, Neil P. and Martinez-Ortiz, Carlos and Sesink, Laurents and Liffers, Matthias and Fouilloux, Anne Claire and Erdmann, Chris and Peroni, Silvio and Martinez Lavanchy, Paula and Todorov, Ilian and Sinha, Manodeep},
  year   = {2021},
  month  = {09},
  date   = {2021-09-13},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/5504016},
  note   = {DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5504016}
}

@book{guideto2015,
  title     = {Guide to cost-benefit analysis of investment projects: economic appraisal tool for cohesion policy 2014-2020},
  year      = {2015},
  date      = {2015},
  publisher = {European Union},
  address   = {Luxembourg},
  langid    = {en}
}

@article{guyan2022,
  title  = {Queer data},
  author = {Guyan, Kevin},
  year   = {2022},
  date   = {2022},
  url    = {https://www.torrossa.com/it/resources/an/5211021},
  note   = {Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing}
}

@article{hagen2008,
  title   = {Harmonic allocation of authorship credit: Source-level correction of bibliometric bias assures accurate publication and citation analysis},
  author  = {Hagen, Nils T.},
  year    = {2008},
  date    = {2008},
  journal = {PLoS One},
  pages   = {e4021},
  volume  = {3},
  number  = {12},
  url     = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0004021},
  note    = {Publisher: Public Library of Science San Francisco, USA}
}

@inproceedings{harding2017,
  title     = {Expanding Perspectives on Open Science: Communities, Cultures and Diversity in Concepts and Practices},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Electronic Publishing},
  editor    = {Chan, Leslie and Loizides, Fernando},
  author    = {Harding, Rachel J.},
  year      = {2017},
  date      = {2017},
  pages     = {1--5},
  address   = {Limassol, Cyprus}
}

@article{hardwicke2018,
  title   = {Data availability, reusability, and analytic reproducibility: evaluating the impact of a mandatory open data policy at the journal {\emph{Cognition}}},
  author  = {Hardwicke, Tom E. and Mathur, Maya B. and MacDonald, Kyle and Nilsonne, Gustav and Banks, George C. and Kidwell, Mallory C. and Hofelich Mohr, Alicia and Clayton, Elizabeth and Yoon, Erica J. and Henry Tessler, Michael and Lenne, Richie L. and Altman, Sara and Long, Bria and Frank, Michael C.},
  year    = {2018},
  month   = {08},
  date    = {2018-08},
  journal = {Royal Society Open Science},
  pages   = {180448},
  volume  = {5},
  number  = {8},
  doi     = {10.1098/rsos.180448},
  url     = {https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.180448}
}

@article{hardwicke2021,
  title   = {Analytic reproducibility in articles receiving open data badges at the journal Psychological Science: an observational study},
  author  = {Hardwicke, Tom E. and Bohn, Manuel and MacDonald, Kyle and Hembacher, Emily and Nuijten, {Michèle B.} and Peloquin, Benjamin N. and deMayo, Benjamin E. and Long, Bria and Yoon, Erica J. and Frank, Michael C.},
  year    = {2021},
  month   = {01},
  date    = {2021-01-06},
  journal = {Royal Society Open Science},
  pages   = {201494},
  volume  = {8},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1098/rsos.201494},
  url     = {https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.201494}
}

@article{healy2017,
  title   = {Fuck Nuance},
  author  = {Healy, Kieran},
  year    = {2017},
  month   = {06},
  date    = {2017-06-01},
  journal = {Sociological Theory},
  pages   = {118--127},
  volume  = {35},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.1177/0735275117709046},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0735275117709046}
}

@techreport{heathers2018,
  title  = {Recovering data from summary statistics: Sample Parameter Reconstruction via Iterative TEchniques (SPRITE)},
  author = {Heathers, James A. and Anaya, Jordan and Zee, Tim van der and Brown, Nicholas J. L.},
  year   = {2018},
  month  = {05},
  date   = {2018-05-30},
  url    = {https://peerj.com/preprints/26968},
  note   = {ISSN: 2167-9843
            DOI: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.26968v1},
  langid = {en}
}

@book{heathers2018a,
  title  = {SPRITE},
  author = {Heathers, James A. and Brown, Nicholas J. L. and Zee, Tim van der and Anaya, Jordan},
  year   = {2018},
  month  = {05},
  date   = {2018-05-26},
  url    = {https://osf.io/pwjad/},
  note   = {Publisher: OSF}
}

@article{heckman1979,
  title   = {Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error},
  author  = {Heckman, James J.},
  year    = {1979},
  journal = {Econometrica},
  pages   = {153--161},
  volume  = {47},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.2307/1912352}
}

@inproceedings{herala2016,
  title  = {2016 SAI Computing Conference (SAI)},
  author = {Herala, Antti and Vanhala, Erno and Porras, Jari and Krri, Timo},
  year   = {2016},
  pages  = {715--724},
  doi    = {10.1109/SAI.2016.7556060}
}

@techreport{houghton2011,
  title  = {Access to research and technical information in Denmark},
  author = {Houghton, John and Swan, Alma and Brown, Sheridan},
  year   = {2011},
  url    = {https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/272603/}
}

@misc{howison_softcite_2023,
  title     = {Softcite {Dataset} {Version} 2},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.7995565},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  author    = {Howison, James and Lopez, Patrice and Du, Caifan and Cohoon, Hannah},
  month     = jun,
  year      = {2023}
}

@misc{hunermund_causal_2023,
  title     = {Causal {Inference} and {Data} {Fusion} in {Econometrics}},
  url       = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.09104},
  doi       = {10.48550/arXiv.1912.09104},
  abstract  = {Learning about cause and effect is arguably the main goal in applied econometrics. In practice, the validity of these causal inferences is contingent on a number of critical assumptions regarding the type of data that has been collected and the substantive knowledge that is available. For instance, unobserved confounding factors threaten the internal validity of estimates, data availability is often limited to non-random, selection-biased samples, causal effects need to be learned from surrogate experiments with imperfect compliance, and causal knowledge has to be extrapolated across structurally heterogeneous populations. A powerful causal inference framework is required to tackle these challenges, which plague most data analysis to varying degrees. Building on the structural approach to causality introduced by Haavelmo (1943) and the graph-theoretic framework proposed by Pearl (1995), the artificial intelligence (AI) literature has developed a wide array of techniques for causal learning that allow to leverage information from various imperfect, heterogeneous, and biased data sources (Bareinboim and Pearl, 2016). In this paper, we discuss recent advances in this literature that have the potential to contribute to econometric methodology along three dimensions. First, they provide a unified and comprehensive framework for causal inference, in which the aforementioned problems can be addressed in full generality. Second, due to their origin in AI, they come together with sound, efficient, and complete algorithmic criteria for automatization of the corresponding identification task. And third, because of the nonparametric description of structural models that graph-theoretic approaches build on, they combine the strengths of both structural econometrics as well as the potential outcomes framework, and thus offer an effective middle ground between these two literature streams.},
  urldate   = {2023-12-16},
  publisher = {arXiv},
  author    = {Hünermund, Paul and Bareinboim, Elias},
  month     = mar,
  year      = {2023}
}

@inproceedings{hunter2015,
  title     = {Formal Acknowledgement of Citizen Scientists{\textquoteright} Contributions via Dynamic Data Citations},
  author    = {Hunter, Jane and Hsu, Chih-Hsiang},
  editor    = {Allen, Robert B. and Hunter, Jane and Zeng, Marcia L.},
  year      = {2015},
  date      = {2015},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  pages     = {64--75},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-27974-9_7},
  address   = {Cham},
  langid    = {en}
}

@book{huntington-klein_effect_2021,
  title      = {The {Effect}: {An} {Introduction} to {Research} {Design} and {Causality}},
  isbn       = {978-1-00-050914-4},
  shorttitle = {The {Effect}},
  abstract   = {The Effect: An Introduction to Research Design and Causality is about research design, specifically concerning research that uses observational data to make a causal inference. It is separated into two halves, each with different approaches to that subject. The first half goes through the concepts of causality, with very little in the way of estimation. It introduces the concept of identification thoroughly and clearly and discusses it as a process of trying to isolate variation that has a causal interpretation. Subjects include heavy emphasis on data-generating processes and causal diagrams. Concepts are demonstrated with a heavy emphasis on graphical intuition and the question of what we do to data. When we “add a control variable” what does that actually do? Key Features:   • Extensive code examples in R, Stata, and Python • Chapters on overlooked topics in econometrics classes: heterogeneous treatment effects, simulation and power analysis, new cutting-edge methods, and uncomfortable ignored assumptions • An easy-to-read conversational tone • Up-to-date coverage of methods with fast-moving literatures like difference-in-differences},
  publisher  = {CRC Press},
  author     = {Huntington-Klein, Nick},
  month      = dec,
  year       = {2021}
}

@book{huyer2020,
  title     = {The economic impact of open data: opportunities for value creation in Europe},
  author    = {Huyer, Esther},
  year      = {2020},
  date      = {2020},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  url       = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2830/63132},
  langid    = {eng}
}

@book{imbens_causal_2015,
  address    = {Cambridge},
  title      = {Causal {Inference} for {Statistics}, {Social}, and {Biomedical} {Sciences}: {An} {Introduction}},
  isbn       = {978-0-521-88588-1},
  shorttitle = {Causal {Inference} for {Statistics}, {Social}, and {Biomedical} {Sciences}},
  url        = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/causal-inference-for-statistics-social-and-biomedical-sciences/71126BE90C58F1A431FE9B2DD07938AB},
  publisher  = {Cambridge University Press},
  author     = {Imbens, Guido W. and Rubin, Donald B.},
  year       = {2015},
  doi        = {10.1017/CBO9781139025751}
}


@article{istrate,
  title  = {A large dataset of software mentions in the biomedical literature},
  author = {Istrate, Ana-Maria and Li, Donghui and Taraborelli, Dario and Torkar, Michaela and Veytsman, Boris and Williams, Ivana},
  doi    = {10.48550/arXiv.2209.00693},
  date   = {2022}
}

@misc{istrate_cz_2022,
  title      = {{CZ} {Software} {Mentions}: {A} large dataset of software mentions in the biomedical literature},
  shorttitle = {{CZ} {Software} {Mentions}},
  doi        = {10.5061/DRYAD.6WWPZGN2C},
  publisher  = {Dryad},
  author     = {Istrate, Ana-Maria and Veytsman, Boris and Li, Donghui and Taraborelli, Dario and Torkar, Michaela and Williams, Ivana},
  month      = sep,
  year       = {2022}
}

@inproceedings{jackson2016,
  title     = {CSCW '16: Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing},
  author    = {Jackson, Corey and {Østerlund}, Carsten and Maidel, Veronica and Crowston, Kevin and Mugar, Gabriel},
  year      = {2016},
  month     = {02},
  date      = {2016-02-27},
  publisher = {ACM},
  pages     = {624--635},
  doi       = {10.1145/2818048.2835197},
  url       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2818048.2835197},
  address   = {San Francisco California USA},
  langid    = {en}
}

@article{jacob2011,
  title   = {The impact of research grant funding on scientific productivity},
  author  = {Jacob, Brian A. and Lefgren, Lars},
  year    = {2011},
  month   = {10},
  date    = {2011-10-01},
  journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
  pages   = {1168--1177},
  series  = {Special Issue: The Role of Firms in Tax Systems},
  volume  = {95},
  number  = {9},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2011.05.005}
}

@inproceedings{jacob2019,
  title  = {FAIR principles, an new opportunity to improve the data lifecycle},
  author = {Jacob, Daniel},
  year   = {2019},
  date   = {2019}
}

@article{jahn2022,
  author  = {Jahn, N. and Klebel, T. and Pride, D. and Knoth, P. and & Ross-Hellauer, T.},
  title   = {Quantifying the influence of Open Access on innovation and patents.},
  year    = {2022},
  journal = {Open Research Europe},
  volume  = {2},
  pages   = {64},
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  title     = {Code for "Introduction to causality in science studies"},
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  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.10639143},
  year      = {2024}
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@article{klebel2023,
  title  = {{PathOS - D1.2 Scoping Review of Open Science Impact}},
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@article{kotitsas2023b,
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  volume  = {8},
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@article{liu_data_2023,
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  volume    = {7},
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  url       = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-023-01562-4},
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@article{liu2023,
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@article{ljungberg2021,
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@article{loenen2021,
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  volume  = {13},
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}

@article{luc_does_2021,
  title      = {Does {Tweeting} {Improve} {Citations}? {One}-{Year} {Results} {From} the {TSSMN} {Prospective} {Randomized} {Trial}},
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  year       = {2021},
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@article{lundberg2021,
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}


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@book{manola2021,
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@article{mazzucato_entrepreneurial_2011,
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  volume   = {49},
  issn     = {1362-6620},
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@article{mccaffrey2020,
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  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/3702401},
  note   = {Publisher: Zenodo
            DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3702401},
  langid = {eng}
}

@book{mcelreath2020,
  title     = {Statistical rethinking: a Bayesian course with examples in R and Stan},
  author    = {McElreath, Richard},
  year      = {2020},
  date      = {2020},
  publisher = {Taylor and Francis, CRC Press},
  series    = {CRC texts in statistical science},
  edition   = {2},
  address   = {Boca Raton}
}

@article{mcmanamay_openaccess_2014,
  title   = {Open‐{Access} {Databases} as {Unprecedented} {Resources} and {Drivers} of {Cultural} {Change} in {Fisheries} {Science}},
  volume  = {39},
  issn    = {0363-2415, 1548-8446},
  doi     = {10.1080/03632415.2014.946128},
  number  = {9},
  journal = {Fisheries},
  author  = {McManamay, Ryan A. and Utz, Ryan M.},
  month   = sep,
  year    = {2014},
  pages   = {417--425}
}

@book{merton1973,
  title     = {The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations},
  author    = {Merton, Robert K.},
  year      = {1973},
  date      = {1973},
  publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
  note      = {Google-Books-ID: zPvcHuUMEMwC},
  langid    = {en}
}

@article{miller2005,
  title   = {The development of the legal information institutes around the world},
  author  = {Miller, Janine},
  year    = {2005},
  date    = {2005},
  journal = {Can. L. Libr. Rev.},
  pages   = {8},
  volume  = {30},
  url     = {https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/callb30&section=7},
  note    = {Publisher: HeinOnline}
}

@article{molloy2011,
  title   = {The {Open Knowledge Foundation}: Open Data Means Better Science},
  author  = {Molloy, Jennifer C.},
  year    = {2011},
  month   = {12},
  date    = {2011-12-06},
  journal = {PLoS Biology},
  pages   = {e1001195},
  volume  = {9},
  number  = {12},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1001195},
  url     = {https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001195}
}

@book{monitori2021,
  title     = {Monitoring the open access policy of Horizon 2020: final report},
  year      = {2021},
  date      = {2021},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  url       = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/268348},
  address   = {LU},
  langid    = {eng}
}

@article{munafò2017,
  title   = {A manifesto for reproducible science},
  author  = {{Munafò}, Marcus R. and Nosek, Brian A. and Bishop, Dorothy V. M. and Button, Katherine S. and Chambers, Christopher D. and Percie Du Sert, Nathalie and Simonsohn, Uri and Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan and Ware, Jennifer J. and Ioannidis, John P. A.},
  year    = {2017},
  month   = {01},
  date    = {2017-01-10},
  journal = {Nature Human Behaviour},
  pages   = {0021},
  volume  = {1},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41562-016-0021},
  url     = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-016-0021},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{munafò2018,
  title   = {Robust research needs many lines of evidence},
  author  = {{Munafò}, Marcus R. and Smith, George Davey},
  year    = {2018},
  month   = {01},
  date    = {2018-01},
  journal = {Nature},
  pages   = {399--401},
  volume  = {553},
  number  = {7689},
  doi     = {10.1038/d41586-018-01023-3},
  url     = {https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-01023-3}
}

@inproceedings{murat2023,
  title     = {27th International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators (STI 2023)},
  author    = {Murat, Biegzat and Noyons, Ed and Costas, Rodrigo},
  year      = {2023},
  month     = {04},
  date      = {2023-04-21},
  publisher = {International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators},
  doi       = {10.55835/6442b915bdab695b3f03d666},
  url       = {https://dapp.orvium.io/deposits/6442b915bdab695b3f03d666/view},
  langid    = {canadian}
}

@misc{nettle2023,
  title  = {It probably is that bad},
  author = {Nettle, Author Daniel},
  year   = {2023},
  month  = {11},
  date   = {2023-11-09},
  url    = {https://www.danielnettle.org.uk/2023/11/09/it-probably-is-that-bad/}
}

@article{nielsen2023,
  author  = {Nielsen, A. F. and Michelmann, J. and Akac, A. and Palts, K. and Zilles, A. and Anagnostopoulou, A. and Langeland, O.},
  year    = {2023},
  title   = {Using the future wheel methodology to assess the impact of open science in the transport sector},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  volume  = {13},
  pages   = {6000},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41598-023-33102-5}
}

@inbook{norris2014,
  title     = {Conceptions of Scientific Literacy: Identifying and Evaluating Their Programmatic Elements},
  author    = {Norris, Stephen P. and Phillips, Linda M. and Burns, David P.},
  editor    = {Matthews, Michael R.},
  year      = {2014},
  date      = {2014},
  publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
  pages     = {1317--1344},
  url       = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-94-007-7654-8_40},
  note      = {DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7654-8{\_}40},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  langid    = {en}
}

@article{nosek2015,
  title   = {Promoting an open research culture},
  author  = {Nosek, B. A. and Alter, G. and Banks, G. C. and Borsboom, D. and Bowman, S. D. and Breckler, S. J. and Buck, S. and Chambers, C. D. and Chin, G. and Christensen, G. and Contestabile, M. and Dafoe, A. and Eich, E. and Freese, J. and Glennerster, R. and Goroff, D. and Green, D. P. and Hesse, B. and Humphreys, M. and Ishiyama, J. and Karlan, D. and Kraut, A. and Lupia, A. and Mabry, P. and Madon, T. and Malhotra, N. and Mayo-Wilson, E. and McNutt, M. and Miguel, E. and Paluck, E. Levy and Simonsohn, U. and Soderberg, C. and Spellman, B. A. and Turitto, J. and VandenBos, G. and Vazire, S. and Wagenmakers, E. J. and Wilson, R. and Yarkoni, T.},
  year    = {2015},
  month   = {06},
  date    = {2015-06-26},
  journal = {Science},
  pages   = {1422--1425},
  volume  = {348},
  number  = {6242},
  doi     = {10.1126/science.aab2374},
  url     = {https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.aab2374},
  note    = {Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science}
}

@article{nosek2022,
  title   = {Replicability, Robustness, and Reproducibility in Psychological Science},
  author  = {Nosek, Brian A. and Hardwicke, Tom E. and Moshontz, Hannah and Allard, {Aurélien} and Corker, Katherine S. and Dreber, Anna and Fidler, Fiona and Hilgard, Joe and Kline Struhl, Melissa and Nuijten, {Michèle B.} and Rohrer, Julia M. and Romero, Felipe and Scheel, Anne M. and Scherer, Laura D. and {Schönbrodt}, Felix D. and Vazire, Simine},
  year    = {2022},
  date    = {2022},
  journal = {Annual Review of Psychology},
  pages   = {719--748},
  volume  = {73},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1146/annurev-psych-020821-114157},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-020821-114157},
  note    = {{\_}eprint: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-020821-114157
             PMID: 34665669}
}

@article{noyons2019,
  title   = {Measuring Societal Impact Is as Complex as ABC},
  author  = {Noyons, Ed},
  year    = {2019},
  month   = {08},
  date    = {2019-08-01},
  journal = {Journal of Data and Information Science},
  pages   = {6--21},
  volume  = {4},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.2478/jdis-2019-0012},
  url     = {https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jdis-2019-0012},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{nuijten2016,
  title   = {The prevalence of statistical reporting errors in psychology (1985{\textendash}2013)},
  author  = {Nuijten, {Michèle B.} and Hartgerink, Chris H. J. and van Assen, Marcel A. L. M. and Epskamp, Sacha and Wicherts, Jelte M.},
  year    = {2016},
  month   = {12},
  date    = {2016-12-01},
  journal = {Behavior Research Methods},
  pages   = {1205--1226},
  volume  = {48},
  number  = {4},
  doi     = {10.3758/s13428-015-0664-2},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0664-2},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{nuijten2017,
  title   = {Journal Data Sharing Policies and Statistical Reporting Inconsistencies in Psychology},
  author  = {Nuijten, {Michèle B.} and Borghuis, Jeroen and Veldkamp, Coosje L. S. and Dominguez-Alvarez, Linda and van Assen, Marcel A. L. M. and Wicherts, Jelte M.},
  editor  = {Vazire, Simine and Chambers, Chris},
  year    = {2017},
  month   = {01},
  date    = {2017-01-01},
  journal = {Collabra: Psychology},
  pages   = {31},
  volume  = {3},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1525/collabra.102},
  url     = {https://online.ucpress.edu/collabra/article/3/1/31/112350/Journal-Data-Sharing-Policies-and-Statistical}
}

@article{nuijten2020,
  title   = {{\textquotedblleft}statcheck{\textquotedblright}: Automatically detect statistical reporting inconsistencies to increase reproducibility of meta-analyses},
  author  = {Nuijten, {Michèle B.} and Polanin, Joshua R.},
  year    = {2020},
  date    = {2020},
  journal = {Research Synthesis Methods},
  pages   = {574--579},
  volume  = {11},
  number  = {5},
  doi     = {10.1002/jrsm.1408},
  url     = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jrsm.1408},
  note    = {{\_}eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jrsm.1408},
  langid  = {en}
}

@book{nuijten2023,
  title  = {statcheck: Extract Statistics from Articles and Recompute P-Values},
  author = {Nuijten, Michele B. and Epskamp, Sacha and Sleegers, Willem and Rife, Sean and Sakaluk, John and Laken, Paul van der and Hartgerink, Chris and Haroz, Steve},
  year   = {2023},
  month  = {01},
  date   = {2023-01-23},
  url    = {https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/statcheck/}
}

@book{ocarroll2017,
  title     = {Providing researchers with the skills and competencies they need to practise Open Science},
  author    = {{O'Carroll}, Conor and Hyllseth, Berit and Berg, Rinske van den and Kohl, Ulrike and Kamerlin, Caroline Lynn and Brennan, Niamh and {O{\textquoteright}Neill}, Gareth},
  year      = {2017},
  date      = {2017},
  publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
  url       = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/121253},
  langid    = {eng}
}

@book{oecd_oslo_2005,
  series     = {The {Measurement} of {Scientific} and {Technological} {Activities}},
  title      = {Oslo {Manual}: {Guidelines} for {Collecting} and {Interpreting} {Innovation} {Data}, 3rd {Edition}},
  isbn       = {978-92-64-01308-7 978-92-64-01310-0},
  shorttitle = {Oslo {Manual}},
  url        = {https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/oslo-manual_9789264013100-en.html},
  language   = {en},
  urldate    = {2025-08-26},
  publisher  = {OECD},
  author     = {{OECD} and {Statistical Office of the European Communities}},
  month      = nov,
  year       = {2005},
  doi        = {10.1787/9789264013100-en}
}

@book{oecd2017a,
  title     = {PISA 2015 Assessment and Analytical Framework: Science, Reading, Mathematic and Financial Literacy and Collaborative Problem Solving, revised edition},
  author    = {OECD, },
  year      = {2017},
  date      = {2017},
  publisher = {OECD},
  series    = {PISA},
  doi       = {10.1787/9789264281820-en}
}

@techreport{oecd2017b,
  title  = {PISA for Development Brief 10 - How does PISA for Development measure scientific literacy?},
  author = {OECD, },
  year   = {2017},
  url    = {https://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisa-for-development/10%20-%20How%20PISA-D%20measures%20science%20literacy_rev.pdf}
}

@article{okane2020,
  title  = {Digitalization in the German Labor Market: Analyzing Demand for Digital Skills in Job Vacancies. Bertelsmann Stiftung July 2020.},
  author = {{O'Kane}, Layla and Narasimhan, Rohit and Nania, Julia and Taska, Bledi},
  year   = {2020},
  date   = {2020},
  url    = {http://aei.pitt.edu/id/eprint/103213}
}

@techreport{oneill2022,
  title  = {Monitoring Framework for National Contributions to EOSC},
  author = {{O'Neill}, Gareth},
  year   = {2022},
  month  = {12},
  date   = {2022-12-14},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/7410762},
  note   = {DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7410762},
  langid = {eng}
}

@misc{oneill2022_data,
  author       = {Gareth O'Neill and Stefania Martziou},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  title        = {Data of Survey on National Contributions to EOSC},
  year         = {2022},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7431678}
}

@techreport{oneill2022a,
  title  = {Monitoring Framework for National Contributions to EOSC},
  author = {{O'Neill}, Gareth},
  year   = {2022},
  month  = {12},
  date   = {2022-12-14},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/7410762},
  note   = {DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7410762},
  langid = {eng}
}

@techreport{oneill2022b,
  title  = {Monitoring Framework for National Contributions to EOSC},
  author = {{O'Neill}, Gareth},
  year   = {2022},
  month  = {12},
  date   = {2022-12-14},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/7410762},
  note   = {DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7410762},
  langid = {eng}
}

@article{oneill2023,
  title  = {Survey on National Contributions to EOSC 2022},
  author = {{O'Neill}, Gareth and Beckmann, Volker and Abrahamsson, Sofia and Neidenmark, Thomas and Siemen, Stephan},
  year   = {2023},
  month  = {01},
  date   = {2023-01-19},
  doi    = {10.5281/zenodo.7550798},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/7550798},
  note   = {Publisher: Zenodo},
  langid = {eng}
}

@article{onodera2015,
  title   = {Factors affecting citation rates of research articles},
  author  = {Onodera, Natsuo and Yoshikane, Fuyuki},
  year    = {2015},
  month   = {04},
  date    = {2015-04},
  journal = {Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology},
  pages   = {739{\textendash}764},
  volume  = {66},
  number  = {4},
  doi     = {10.1002/asi.23209}
}

@article{opitz2017,
  title   = {Measuring scientific reasoning {\textendash} a review of test instruments},
  author  = {Opitz, Ansgar and Heene, Moritz and Fischer, Frank},
  year    = {2017},
  journal = {Educational Research and Evaluation},
  pages   = {78--101},
  volume  = {23},
  number  = {3-4},
  doi     = {10.1080/13803611.2017.1338586}
}


@article{osborne2023,
  title   = {Science education in an age of misinformation},
  author  = {Osborne, Jonathan and Pimentel, Daniel},
  year    = {2023},
  journal = {Science Education},
  pages   = {553--571},
  volume  = {107},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1002/sce.21790}
}


@article{ozolinciute2022,
  title   = {Guidelines for research ethics and research integrity in citizen science},
  author  = {{Ozolin{\v{c}}i{\={u}}t{\.{e}}}, {Egl{\.{e}}} and {Bülow}, William and Bjelobaba, Sonja and {Gai{\v{z}}auskait{\.{e}}}, Inga and {Krásni{\v{c}}an}, Veronika and {Dlabolová}, Dita and {Umbrasait{\.{e}}}, Julija},
  year    = {2022},
  date    = {2022},
  journal = {Research Ideas and Outcomes},
  volume  = {8},
  url     = {https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:1717436},
  note    = {Publisher: Pensoft Publishers}
}


@article{page2021,
  title   = {The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews},
  author  = {Page, Matthew J. and McKenzie, Joanne E. and Bossuyt, Patrick M. and Boutron, Isabelle and Hoffmann, Tammy C. and Mulrow, Cynthia D. and Shamseer, Larissa and Tetzlaff, Jennifer M. and Akl, Elie A. and Brennan, Sue E.},
  year    = {2021},
  date    = {2021},
  journal = {bmj},
  volume  = {372},
  url     = {https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n71.short},
  note    = {Publisher: British Medical Journal Publishing Group}
}


@techreport{parsons_benefits_2011,
  address     = {Horsham, United Kingdom},
  title       = {Benefits to the {Private} {Sector} of {Open} {Access} to {Higher} {Education} and {Scholarly} {Research}},
  institution = {HOST Policy Research},
  author      = {Parsons, David and Willis, Dick and Holland, Jane},
  year        = {2011}
}


@article{pasquetto2017,
  title   = {On the Reuse of Scientific Data},
  author  = {Pasquetto, Irene V. and Randles, Bernadette M. and Borgman, Christine L.},
  year    = {2017},
  month   = {03},
  date    = {2017-03-22},
  journal = {Data Science Journal},
  volume  = {16},
  number  = {0},
  doi     = {10.5334/dsj-2017-008},
  url     = {https://datascience.codata.org/articles/10.5334/dsj-2017-008},
  langid  = {canadian}
}


@book{pearl_causality_2009,
  edition    = {2},
  title      = {Causality: {Models}, {Reasoning}, and {Inference}},
  isbn       = {978-0-511-80316-1 978-0-521-89560-6 978-0-521-74919-0},
  shorttitle = {Causality},
  url        = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9780511803161/type/book},
  abstract   = {Written by one of the preeminent researchers in the field, this book provides a comprehensive exposition of modern analysis of causation. It shows how causality has grown from a nebulous concept into a mathematical theory with significant applications in the fields of statistics, artificial intelligence, economics, philosophy, cognitive science, and the health and social sciences. Judea Pearl presents and unifies the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual, and structural approaches to causation and devises simple mathematical tools for studying the relationships between causal connections and statistical associations. Cited in more than 2,100 scientific publications, it continues to liberate scientists from the traditional molds of statistical thinking. In this revised edition, Judea Pearl elucidates thorny issues, answers readers' questions, and offers a panoramic view of recent advances in this field of research. Causality will be of interest to students and professionals in a wide variety of fields. Dr Judea Pearl has received the 2011 Rumelhart Prize for his leading research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and systems from The Cognitive Science Society.},
  urldate    = {2023-03-14},
  publisher  = {Cambridge University Press},
  author     = {Pearl, Judea},
  month      = sep,
  year       = {2009},
  doi        = {10.1017/CBO9780511803161}
}


@article{perianes-rodriguez2016,
  title   = {Constructing bibliometric networks: A comparison between full and fractional counting},
  author  = {Perianes-Rodriguez, Antonio and Waltman, Ludo and Van Eck, Nees Jan},
  year    = {2016},
  date    = {2016},
  journal = {Journal of informetrics},
  pages   = {1178{\textendash}1195},
  volume  = {10},
  number  = {4},
  url     = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751157716302036?casa_token=CqUpGtD69gIAAAAA:MYGba1tlSRhDcycjBKTR97tcfwxhoPmbE4ljQQT7LufCZFUikz5I8XhPsSgyyAXqNN8zza4LPOk},
  note    = {Publisher: Elsevier}
}



@article{piwowar2007,
  title   = {Sharing Detailed Research Data Is Associated with Increased Citation Rate},
  author  = {Piwowar, Heather and Day, Roger and Fridsma, Douglas},
  editor  = {Ioannidis, John},
  year    = {2007},
  month   = {03},
  date    = {2007-03-21},
  journal = {PLoS ONE},
  pages   = {e308},
  volume  = {2},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0000308},
  url     = {https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000308}
}


@techreport{piwowar2013,
  title  = {Data reuse and the open data citation advantage},
  author = {Piwowar, Heather and Vision, Todd J.},
  year   = {2013},
  month  = {04},
  date   = {2013-04-04},
  doi    = {10.7287/peerj.preprints.1v1},
  url    = {https://peerj.com/preprints/1v1}
}



@article{piwowar2018,
  title   = {The state of OA: a large-scale analysis of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles},
  author  = {Piwowar, Heather and Priem, Jason and {Larivière}, Vincent and Alperin, Juan Pablo and Matthias, Lisa and Norlander, Bree and Farley, Ashley and West, Jevin and Haustein, Stefanie},
  year    = {2018},
  date    = {2018},
  journal = {PeerJ},
  pages   = {e4375},
  volume  = {6},
  url     = {https://peerj.com/articles/4375/?ref=blog.oa.works},
  note    = {Publisher: PeerJ Inc.}
}


@article{probst2023,
  title   = {The impact of open access mandates on scientific research and technological development in the U.S.},
  author  = {Probst, Benedict and Lohmann, Paul M. and Kontoleon, Andreas and {Anadón}, {Laura Díaz}},
  year    = {2023},
  month   = {10},
  date    = {2023-10-20},
  journal = {iScience},
  volume  = {26},
  number  = {10},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.isci.2023.107740},
  url     = {https://www.cell.com/iscience/abstract/S2589-0042(23)01817-5},
  note    = {Publisher: Elsevier
             PMID: 37720082},
  langid  = {English}
}

@article{quarati2022,
  title   = {Do researchers use open research data? Exploring the relationships between usage trends and metadata quality across scientific disciplines from the Figshare case},
  author  = {Quarati, Alfonso and Raffaghelli, Juliana E},
  year    = {2022},
  month   = {08},
  date    = {2022-08-01},
  journal = {Journal of Information Science},
  pages   = {423--448},
  volume  = {48},
  number  = {4},
  doi     = {10.1177/0165551520961048},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551520961048},
  note    = {Publisher: SAGE Publications Ltd},
  langid  = {en}
}


@article{radicchi2008,
  title   = {Universality of citation distributions: toward an objective measure of scientific impact.},
  author  = {Radicchi, Filippo and Fortunato, Santo and Castellano, Claudio},
  year    = {2008},
  month   = {11},
  date    = {2008-11},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
  pages   = {17268{\textendash}72},
  volume  = {105},
  number  = {45},
  url     = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/105/45/17268}
}

@article{rafols_monitoring_2024,
  title      = {Monitoring {Open} {Science} as transformative change: {Towards} a systemic framework},
  shorttitle = {Monitoring {Open} {Science} as transformative change},
  doi        = {10.12688/f1000research.148290.1},
  language   = {en},
  journal    = {F1000Research},
  author     = {Rafols, Ismael and Meijer, Ingeborg and Molas-Gallart, Jordi},
  month      = apr,
  pages      = {13:320},
  year       = {2024}
}

@article{ràfols2020,
  title   = {{\textquoteleft}Measuring{\textquoteright}interdisciplinarity: from indicators to indicating},
  author  = {{Ràfols}, Ismael},
  year    = {2020},
  date    = {2020},
  journal = {Leiden Madrics. URL https://www. leidenmadtrics. nl/articles/on-measuring-interdisciplinarity-from-indicators-toindicating},
  url     = {https://i2insights.org/2021/02/09/measuring-interdisciplinarity/}
}

@article{rafols2022,
  title  = {Mapping Mental Health & Well-being Research. An investigation of the landscape of mental health research},
  author = {Rafols, Ismael and Yegros-Yegros, Afredo and van de Klippe, Wouter and Willemse, Tim},
  year   = {2022},
  date   = {2022},
  url    = {https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/smuyv/},
  note   = {Publisher: OSF}
}

@inbook{roberts2007,
  title     = {Scientific literacy/science literacy},
  author    = {Roberts, Douglas A.},
  year      = {2007},
  date      = {2007},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  pages     = {729{\textendash}780},
  url       = {https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.4324/9780203824696-29&type=chapterpdf}
}

@inbook{roberts2013,
  title     = {Scientific literacy/science literacy},
  author    = {Roberts, Douglas A.},
  year      = {2013},
  date      = {2013},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  pages     = {729{\textendash}780},
  url       = {https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.4324/9780203824696-29&type=chapterpdf}
}

@inbook{roberts2013a,
  title     = {Scientific literacy/science literacy},
  author    = {Roberts, Douglas A.},
  year      = {2013},
  date      = {2013},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  pages     = {729{\textendash}780},
  url       = {https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.4324/9780203824696-29&type=chapterpdf}
}

@article{robinson-garcia2017,
  title   = {DataCite as a novel bibliometric source: Coverage, strengths and limitations},
  author  = {Robinson-Garcia, Nicolas and Mongeon, Philippe and Jeng, Wei and Costas, Rodrigo},
  year    = {2017},
  month   = {08},
  date    = {2017-08-01},
  journal = {Journal of Informetrics},
  pages   = {841--854},
  volume  = {11},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.joi.2017.07.003},
  url     = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751157717300834}
}



@article{robinson-garcia2020,
  title   = {Open Access uptake by universities worldwide},
  author  = {Robinson-Garcia, Nicolas and Costas, Rodrigo and van Leeuwen, Thed N.},
  year    = {2020},
  month   = {07},
  date    = {2020-07-08},
  journal = {PeerJ},
  pages   = {e9410},
  volume  = {8},
  doi     = {10.7717/peerj.9410},
  url     = {https://peerj.com/articles/9410},
  langid  = {en}
}


@article{roche2020,
  title   = {Citizen Science, Education, and Learning: Challenges and Opportunities},
  author  = {Roche, Joseph and Bell, Laura and {Galvão}, {Cecília} and Golumbic, Yaela N. and Kloetzer, Laure and Knoben, Nieke and Laakso, Mari and Lorke, Julia and Mannion, Greg and Massetti, Luciano and Mauchline, Alice and Pata, Kai and Ruck, Andy and Taraba, Pavel and Winter, Silvia},
  year    = {2020},
  month   = {12},
  date    = {2020-12-02},
  journal = {Frontiers in Sociology},
  volume  = {5},
  doi     = {10.3389/fsoc.2020.613814},
  url     = {https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sociology/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2020.613814/full},
  note    = {Publisher: Frontiers},
  langid  = {English}
}



@article{rohrer2018,
  title   = {Thinking Clearly About Correlations and Causation: Graphical Causal Models for Observational Data},
  author  = {Rohrer, Julia M.},
  year    = {2018},
  month   = {03},
  date    = {2018-03-01},
  journal = {Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science},
  pages   = {27--42},
  volume  = {1},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1177/2515245917745629},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245917745629}
}


@article{rohrer2022,
  title   = {That{\textquoteright}s a Lot to Process! {Pitfalls} of Popular Path Models},
  author  = {Rohrer, Julia M. and {Hünermund}, Paul and Arslan, Ruben C. and Elson, Malte},
  year    = {2022},
  month   = {04},
  date    = {2022-04-01},
  journal = {Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science},
  pages   = {25152459221095827},
  volume  = {5},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.1177/25152459221095827},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459221095827}
}

@article{ross-hellauer2022,
  title   = {{TIER2}: {Enhancing} Trust, Integrity and Efficiency in Research through next-level Reproducibility},
  author  = {Ross-Hellauer, Tony and Klebel, Thomas and Bannach-Brown, Alexandra and Horbach, Serge P. J. M. and Jabeen, Hajira and Manola, Natalia and Metodiev, Teodor and Papageorgiou, Haris and Reczko, Martin and Sansone, Susanna-Assunta and Schneider, Jesper and Tijdink, Joeri and Vergoulis, Thanasis},
  year    = {2022},
  month   = {12},
  date    = {2022-12-08},
  journal = {Research Ideas and Outcomes},
  pages   = {e98457},
  volume  = {8},
  doi     = {10.3897/rio.8.e98457},
  url     = {https://riojournal.com/article/98457/}
}

@article{rowhani-farid2017,
  title   = {What incentives increase data sharing in health and medical research? A systematic review},
  author  = {Rowhani-Farid, Anisa and Allen, Michelle and Barnett, Adrian G.},
  year    = {2017},
  month   = {05},
  date    = {2017-05-05},
  journal = {Research Integrity and Peer Review},
  pages   = {4},
  volume  = {2},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {10.1186/s41073-017-0028-9}
}

@techreport{ruiter2023,
  title     = {Automatically Finding and Categorizing Replication Studies},
  author    = {Ruiter, Bob de},
  year      = {2023},
  month     = {11},
  publisher = {arXiv},
  url       = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.15055},
  doi       = {10.48550/arXiv.2311.15055}
}

@article{schmal2023,
  title   = {The role of gender and coauthors in academic publication behavior},
  author  = {Schmal, W. Benedikt and Haucap, Justus and Knoke, Leon},
  year    = {2023},
  month   = {12},
  date    = {2023-12-01},
  journal = {Research Policy},
  pages   = {104874},
  volume  = {52},
  number  = {10},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.respol.2023.104874}
}

@article{schmidt2009,
  title   = {Shall we Really do it Again? The Powerful Concept of Replication is Neglected in the Social Sciences},
  author  = {Schmidt, Stefan},
  year    = {2009},
  month   = {06},
  date    = {2009-06},
  journal = {Review of General Psychology},
  pages   = {90--100},
  volume  = {13},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.1037/a0015108},
  url     = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1037/a0015108},
  langid  = {en}
}

@article{schnog2021,
  author  = {Schnog, J.-J. B. and Samson, M. J. and Gans, R. O. B. and Duits, A. J.},
  title   = {An urgent call to raise the bar in oncology},
  journal = {British Journal of Cancer},
  year    = {2021},
  volume  = {125},
  issue   = {11},
  pages   = {1477--1485},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41416-021-01495-7}
}

@article{schoenmakers2010,
  title   = {The technological origins of radical inventions},
  author  = {Schoenmakers, Wilfred and Duysters, Geert},
  year    = {2010},
  date    = {2010},
  journal = {Research Policy},
  pages   = {1051{\textendash}1059},
  volume  = {39},
  number  = {8},
  url     = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004873331000137X?casa_token=0wsOZedvtEkAAAAA:xn47AroqraGenEkjzxQHpMeJvXAZtPxxwjfD6sz5_eDUzQcqsktjYgxwyIJDsPqsooeMA9gKtdM},
  note    = {Publisher: Elsevier}
}

@article{schulz,
  title  = {A network-based citation indicator of scientific performance},
  author = {Schulz, Christian and Uzzi, Brian and Helbing, Dirk and Woolley-Meza, Olivia},
  year   = {2018},
  doi    = {10.48550/arXiv.1807.04712}
}

@article{shirk2012,
  title   = {Public Participation in Scientific Research: a Framework for Deliberate Design},
  author  = {Shirk, Jennifer L. and Ballard, Heidi L. and Wilderman, Candie C. and Phillips, Tina and Wiggins, Andrea and Jordan, Rebecca and McCallie, Ellen and Minarchek, Matthew and Lewenstein, Bruce V. and Krasny, Marianne E. and Bonney, Rick},
  year    = {2012},
  date    = {2012},
  journal = {Ecology and Society},
  volume  = {17},
  number  = {2},
  url     = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/26269051},
  note    = {Publisher: Resilience Alliance Inc.}
}

@article{simsek2024,
  title   = {Do grant proposal texts matter for funding decisions? A field experiment},
  author  = {Simsek, {Müge} and de Vaan, Mathijs and van de Rijt, Arnout},
  year    = {2024},
  month   = {05},
  date    = {2024-05-01},
  journal = {Scientometrics},
  pages   = {2521--2532},
  volume  = {129},
  number  = {5},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11192-024-04968-7},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-024-04968-7},
  langid  = {en}
}

@book{smaldino2023,
  title     = {Modeling social behavior: mathematical and agent-based models of social dynamics and cultural evolution},
  author    = {Smaldino, Paul E.},
  year      = {2023},
  date      = {2023},
  publisher = {Princeton University Press},
  address   = {Princeton}
}

@article{smith2006,
  title   = {Peer review: a flawed process at the heart of science and journals},
  author  = {Smith, Richard},
  year    = {2006},
  month   = {04},
  date    = {2006-04-01},
  journal = {Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine},
  pages   = {178--182},
  volume  = {99},
  number  = {4},
  doi     = {10.1258/jrsm.99.4.178}
}

@techreport{soyer_what_2021,
  title       = {What is societal impact of research? {A} literature review},
  shorttitle  = {What is societal impact of research?},
  url         = {https://ois.lbg.ac.at/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2022/01/Literature-Review_Societal-Research-Impact.pdf},
  urldate     = {2025-08-26},
  institution = {Ludwig Boltzmann Gesellschaft},
  author      = {Soyer, Laura},
  month       = apr,
  year        = {2021},
  file        = {PDF:/home/vtraag/Zotero/storage/ACU7XAP5/Literature-Review_Societal-Research-Impact.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@techreport{sparceurope2019,
  title  = {Using open and FAIR data to increase research efficiency},
  author = {SPARC Europe},
  year   = {2019},
  date   = {2019},
  url    = {https://sparceurope.org/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2019/04/SPARC-Europe_Brief_ODEfficiency.pdf}
}

@article{squicciarini2021,
  title  = {Demand for AI skills in jobs: Evidence from online job postings},
  author = {Squicciarini, Mariagrazia and Nachtigall, Heike},
  year   = {2021},
  date   = {2021},
  url    = {https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/demand-for-ai-skills-in-jobs_3ed32d94-en},
  note   = {Publisher: OECD}
}

@inproceedings{stavropoulos2023,
  title  = {Empowering Knowledge Discovery from Scientific Literature: A novel approach to Research Artifact Analysis},
  author = {Stavropoulos, Petros and Lyris, Ioannis and Manola, Natalia and Grypari, Ioanna and Papageorgiou, Harris},
  year   = {2023},
  date   = {2023},
  pages  = {37{\textendash}53},
  url    = {https://aclanthology.org/2023.nlposs-1.5/}
}

@article{stroebe2019,
  title   = {What Can We Learn from Many Labs Replications?},
  author  = {Stroebe, Wolfgang},
  year    = {2019},
  month   = {03},
  date    = {2019-03-04},
  journal = {Basic and Applied Social Psychology},
  pages   = {91--103},
  volume  = {41},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.1080/01973533.2019.1577736},
  url     = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01973533.2019.1577736},
  langid  = {en}
}

@book{suber2012,
  title     = {Open access},
  author    = {Suber, Peter},
  year      = {2012},
  date      = {2012},
  publisher = {The MIT Press},
  url       = {https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/26065}
}

@article{sugimoto2011,
  title   = {Academic genealogy as an indicator of interdisciplinarity: An examination of dissertation networks in Library and Information Science},
  author  = {Sugimoto, Cassidy R. and Ni, Chaoqun and Russell, Terrell G. and Bychowski, Brenna},
  year    = {2011},
  date    = {2011},
  journal = {Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology},
  pages   = {1808--1828},
  volume  = {62},
  number  = {9},
  doi     = {10.1002/asi.21568},
  url     = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/asi.21568}
}

@techreport{sveinsdottir2021,
  title  = {An Analysis of Open Science Policies in Europe, v7},
  author = {Sveinsdottir, Thordis and Davidson, Joy and Proudman, Vanessa},
  year   = {2021},
  month  = {04},
  date   = {2021-04-28},
  url    = {https://zenodo.org/records/4725817},
  note   = {DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4725817}
}

@article{szomszor2022,
  title   = {Overton: A bibliometric database of policy document citations},
  author  = {Szomszor, Martin and Adie, Euan},
  year    = {2022},
  month   = {11},
  date    = {2022-11-01},
  journal = {Quantitative Science Studies},
  pages   = {624--650},
  volume  = {3},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1162/qss_a_00204},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00204}
}

@book{tashakkori2021,
  title     = {Foundations of mixed methods research: integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches in the social and behavioral sciences},
  author    = {Tashakkori, Abbas and Johnson, R. Burke and Teddlie, Charles},
  year      = {2021},
  date      = {2021},
  publisher = {SAGE},
  edition   = {Second edition},
  address   = {Los Angeles London New Delhi Singapore Washington DC Melbourne}
}

@article{tattersall2018,
  title   = {What Can Altmetric.com Tell Us About Policy Citations of Research? An Analysis of Altmetric.com Data for Research Articles from the University of Sheffield},
  author  = {Tattersall, Andy and Carroll, Christopher},
  year    = {2018},
  month   = {01},
  date    = {2018-01-08},
  journal = {Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics},
  volume  = {2},
  doi     = {10.3389/frma.2017.00009},
  url     = {https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/research-metrics-and-analytics/articles/10.3389/frma.2017.00009/full},
  note    = {Publisher: Frontiers},
  langid  = {English}
}

@article{tennant2016,
  title  = {The academic, economic and societal impacts of Open Access: an evidence-based review},
  author = {Tennant, Jonathan P. and Waldner, {François} and Jacques, Damien C. and Masuzzo, Paola and Collister, Lauren B. and Hartgerink, Chris H. J.},
  year   = {2016},
  month  = {09},
  date   = {2016-09-21},
  doi    = {10.12688/f1000research.8460.3},
  url    = {https://f1000research.com/articles/5-632}
}

@article{textor_robust_2016,
  title      = {Robust causal inference using directed acyclic graphs: the {R} package ‘dagitty’},
  volume     = {45},
  issn       = {0300-5771},
  shorttitle = {Robust causal inference using directed acyclic graphs},
  url        = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyw341},
  doi        = {10.1093/ije/dyw341},
  number     = {6},
  urldate    = {2025-02-13},
  journal    = {International Journal of Epidemiology},
  author     = {Textor, Johannes and van der Zander, Benito and Gilthorpe, Mark S and Liśkiewicz, Maciej and Ellison, George TH},
  month      = dec,
  year       = {2016},
  pages      = {1887--1894}
}

@article{tiokhin_shifting_2023,
  title    = {Shifting the {Level} of {Selection} in {Science}},
  issn     = {1745-6916},
  doi      = {10.1177/17456916231182568},
  abstract = {Criteria for recognizing and rewarding scientists primarily focus on individual contributions. This creates a conflict between what is best for scientists’ careers and what is best for science. In this article, we show how the theory of multilevel selection provides conceptual tools for modifying incentives to better align individual and collective interests. A core principle is the need to account for indirect effects by shifting the level at which selection operates from individuals to the groups in which individuals are embedded. This principle is used in several fields to improve collective outcomes, including animal husbandry, team sports, and professional organizations. Shifting the level of selection has the potential to ameliorate several problems in contemporary science, including accounting for scientists’ diverse contributions to knowledge generation, reducing individual-level competition, and promoting specialization and team science. We discuss the difficulties associated with shifting the level of selection and outline directions for future development in this domain.},
  language = {en},
  urldate  = {2024-09-26},
  journal  = {Perspectives on Psychological Science},
  author   = {Tiokhin, Leo and Panchanathan, Karthik and Smaldino, Paul E. and Lakens, Daniël},
  month    = aug,
  year     = {2023},
  pages    = {17456916231182568}
}

@article{tomkins_reviewer_2017,
  title   = {Reviewer bias in single- versus double-blind peer review},
  volume  = {114},
  issn    = {0027-8424, 1091-6490},
  doi     = {10.1073/pnas.1707323114},
  number  = {48},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.},
  author  = {Tomkins, Andrew and Zhang, Min and Heavlin, William D},
  month   = nov,
  year    = {2017},
  pmid    = {29138317},
  pages   = {12708--12713}
}

@misc{traag_causal_2022,
  title     = {Causal foundations of bias, disparity and fairness},
  url       = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2207.13665},
  doi       = {10.48550/arXiv.2207.13665},
  urldate   = {2023-04-10},
  publisher = {arXiv},
  author    = {Traag, V. A. and Waltman, L.},
  month     = dec,
  year      = {2022}
}

@misc{traag_metrics_2023,
  title     = {Metrics and peer review agreement at the institutional level},
  doi       = {10.48550/arXiv.2006.14830},
  publisher = {arXiv},
  author    = {Traag, V. A. and Malgarini, M. and Sarlo, S.},
  month     = mar,
  year      = {2023}
}

@article{traag2021,
  title   = {Inferring the causal effect of journals on citations},
  author  = {Traag, V. A.},
  year    = {2021},
  month   = {07},
  date    = {2021-07-15},
  journal = {Quantitative Science Studies},
  pages   = {496--504},
  volume  = {2},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.1162/qss_a_00128},
  url     = {https://direct.mit.edu/qss/article/2/2/496/98105/Inferring-the-causal-effect-of-journals-on},
  langid  = {en}
}

@techreport{tripp2011,
  title  = {The Economic Impacts of Human Genome Project},
  author = {Tripp, Simon and Grueber, Martin},
  year   = {2011},
  date   = {2011}
}

@article{tsipouri2025,
  author  = {Tsipouri, L. and Liarti, S. and Vignetti, S. and Grapengiesser, I. M.},
  journal = {OSF},
  title   = {The Economic Impact of Open Science: A Scoping Review.},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.31222/osf.io/kqse5_v1}
}

@article{valladares2021,
  title   = {Scientific Literacy and Social Transformation},
  author  = {Valladares, Liliana},
  year    = {2021},
  journal = {Science & Education},
  pages   = {557--587},
  volume  = {30},
  number  = {3},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11191-021-00205-2}
}

@article{van_den_besselaar_perverse_2017,
  title   = {Perverse effects of output-based research funding? {Butler}'s {Australian} case revisited},
  volume  = {11},
  issn    = {1751-1577},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.joi.2017.05.016},
  number  = {3},
  journal = {J. Informetr.},
  author  = {van den Besselaar, Peter and Heyman, Ulf and Sandström, Ulf},
  month   = aug,
  year    = {2017},
  note    = {Publisher: Elsevier Ltd},
  pages   = {905--918}
}

@article{vanvlijmen2020,
  title   = {The Need of Industry to Go FAIR},
  author  = {van Vlijmen, Herman and Mons, Albert and Waalkens, Arne and Franke, Wouter and Baak, Arie and Ruiter, Gerbrand and Kirkpatrick, Christine and da Silva Santos, Luiz Olavo Bonino and Meerman, Bert and Jellema, Renger and Arts, Derk and Kersloot, Martijn and Knijnenburg, Sebastiaan and Lusher, Scott and Verbeeck, Rudi and Neefs, Jean-Marc},
  year    = {2020},
  date    = {2020},
  journal = {Data Intelligence},
  pages   = {276--284},
  volume  = {2},
  number  = {1-2},
  doi     = {10.1162/dint_a_00050}
}

@book{venturini2021,
  title     = {Controversy Mapping: A Field Guide},
  author    = {Venturini, Tommaso and Munk, Anders Kristian},
  year      = {2021},
  month     = {12},
  date      = {2021-12-01},
  publisher = {John Wiley & Sons},
  note      = {Google-Books-ID: eo1SEAAAQBAJ},
  langid    = {en}
}

@article{vivot2017,
  author  = {Vivot, A. and Jacot, J. and Zeitoun, J.-D. and Ravaud, P. and Crequit, P. and Porcher, R.},
  title   = {Clinical benefit, price, and approval characteristics of FDA-approved new drugs for treating advanced solid cancer, 2000–2015},
  year    = {2017},
  journal = {Annals of Oncology},
  volume  = {28},
  issue   = {5},
  pages   = {1111--1116},
  doi     = {10.1093/annonc/mdx053}
}

@incollection{vohland_citizen_2021,
  address   = {Cham},
  title     = {Citizen {Science} in {Europe}},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-58277-7 978-3-030-58278-4},
  booktitle = {The {Science} of {Citizen} {Science}},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  author    = {Vohland, Katrin and Göbel, Claudia and Balázs, Bálint and Butkevičienė, Eglė and Daskolia, Maria and Duží, Barbora and Hecker, Susanne and Manzoni, Marina and Schade, Sven},
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