Enable UV in build and CI

[TonyXiang8787]

This PR tries to enable uv in the configuration and CI. The feature is basically opt-in. Developer can still choose the pip way of doing things.

list of changes

• configure uv.
• adjust CI
• adjust readthedocs
• manual update pre-commit once
• configure kron job to auto-update uv.lock and pre-commit
  • Test in CI:https://github.com/PowerGridModel/power-grid-model/actions/runs/19963543459/job/57249548521
  • Test in a fake PR: Refresh lock and linter dependencies #1211
• modify dev container
• modify documentation including build guide
• fix new issues in mypy

Testing

Testers check list

Those have tested please check the box with your name

• Windows
• Linux (WSL)
• macOS

Test guide

Test local

• Clone and check-out in a clean folder
• Open vscode, try to build cmake target, it should work as before.
• In console, run uv sync. Then uv run pytest.
• In console, run uv run pre-commit install. Then uv run pre-commit

Test dev container

• Clone and check-out in a clean folder
• Open vscode, start dev container
• In container console, run uv sync. Then uv run pytest.
• In container console, run uv run pre-commit install. Then uv run pre-commit

[mgovers]

docs for using uv in readthedocs: https://docs.readthedocs.com/platform/stable/build-customization.html#install-dependencies-with-uv

      pre_create_environment:
         - asdf plugin add uv
         - asdf install uv latest
         - asdf global uv latest
      create_environment:
         - uv venv "${READTHEDOCS_VIRTUALENV_PATH}"
      install:
         - UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT="${READTHEDOCS_VIRTUALENV_PATH}" uv sync --frozen --group docs

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud