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01_make_map.qmd

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The goal of this lesson is to demonstrate how to make a simple map, suitable for inclusion in a publication, using ArcGIS Online. We will follow the typical workflow of starting with a base map, adding feature layers from external sources, drawing annotations on top of the map, and finally, preparing the map for presentation and exporting it. As an exercise, you will be creating a map that reflects your personal experience biking on the UCSB campus.
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As we will discuss at the end of this lesson, there are many ways of making such a map without using a GIS tool. In fact, in many cases GIS is an overkill, both because most of the features GIS tools provide will not be used and because the GIS interface can be cumbersome. But an advantage of GIS is that it opens up the possibility of treating map elements as data, and that opens up and provides an introduction to the world of spatial analysis.
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As we will discuss at the end of this lesson, there are many ways of making such a map without using a GIS tool. In fact, in many cases GIS is overkill, both because most of the features GIS tools provide will not be used and because the GIS interface can be cumbersome. But an advantage of GIS is that it opens up the possibility of treating map elements as data, and that opens up and provides an introduction to the world of spatial analysis.
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## Introduction to ArcGIS Online
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A brief tour of the interface and the different apps.
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A brief tour of the interface and the different apps.
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### Log on to ArcGIS
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### Log on to ArcGIS Online
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<https://www.arcgis.com/index.html>
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- columns have fixed data types (a lot of them)
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- for example bikes
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## Step 1: adding layers
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## Step 1: Add layers to a base map
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Now you will have the opportunity to start creating your own map.
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With that introduction, you now have the opportunity to start creating your own map.
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- Base layer
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- Import vector layer (bike paths)
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- Import polygon layer (buildings)
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## Step 2: Customizing symbology & transparency
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## Step 2: Customize symbology & transparency
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Based on data `street_pavement`
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1. Make a new map
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1. Choose a basemap
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1. Add layer from Contents --> Groups --> From Maps to Analysis
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1. Create filter to show only bikepaths
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1. Join 2 filters together to *OR* sidewalks
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1. Save your work!
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2. Join 2 filters together to *OR* sidewalks
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3. Adjust symbology in some way (TBD)
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## Step 3: Annotate the map
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Optional for online maps?
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In addition to bringing external sources of information into a map (whether in the form of a base map or additional feature layers), it is common to want to add new information. In many cases it is better to think of the new information as data, and to store it in its own feature layer. We will be describing this approach in the next workshop. For our purposes here, though, we will take the more straightforward approach of simply drawing on the map.
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- Scale
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- Orientation (North oriented is the default)
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- Grid - Lat/Long
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## Annotating the map
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- Draw points where you were in a (near) accident on the bike path, either as bicyclist of pedestrian.
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- Draw points where you were in a (near-)accident on the bike path, either as bicyclist of pedestrian.
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- Draw a line where you think there should be a bike path but isn't.
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- Draw a circle where you think there should be a bike parking lot but isn't.
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## Step 4: Prepare the map for publication
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- a data table
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- columns have fixed data types (a lot of them)
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- for example bikes
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## Play with symbology & transparency
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Based on data `street_pavement`
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1. Make a new map
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2. Choose a basemap
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3. Add layer from Contents --\> Groups --\> From Maps to Analysis
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4. Create filter to show only bikepaths
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5. Join 2 filters together to *OR* sidewalks
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6. Save your work!
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## Preparing the map for publication
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Almost there! At this point you're ready to start packaging your map for publication.
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- Add a title
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- Add a legend
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- Add a scale bar (optional)
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## Sharing your map
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## Step 5: Share your map
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- Online
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- Exporting to other formats (image, PDF)
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- Exporting to other formats (PNG, PDF)
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## Other appoaches
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There are many ways of making a simple map. Here are some alternative approaches.
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- Use any drawing tool (even Microsoft PowerPoint), create a base layer by screen grabbing a map source displayed in a web browser window (e.g., Google Maps), and then draw on top of that. It is possible to gain higher resolution by screen grabbing the base layer in pieces and then combining them using Photoshop. And by measuring distances between known points, and/or carefully keeping track of scale, it is possible to accurately position figures and annotations.
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- Create a base layer by screen grabbing a source map displayed in a web browser window (e.g., Google Maps). Then, using a drawing tool (a dedicated drawing tool such as Adobe Illustrator, or any program that provides drawing tools such as Microsoft PowerPoint), import the screen grab and draw on top of that. It is possible to capture the base layer at higher-than-screen resolution by screen grabbing it in pieces and merging them using a tool like Adobe Photoshop. And by measuring distances between known points, and/or carefully keeping track of scale, it is possible to accurately position figures and annotations.
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- Google Earth
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- MapBox
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- OpenStreetMaps
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- [CalTopo](https://caltopo.com) comes with a variety of base layers, including topographic maps, and the ability to combine lines within the tool and to create various kinds of annotations. Certain features may require a subscription.
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- [CalTopo](https://caltopo.com) comes with a variety of base layers, including multiple types of topographic maps, and it provides a number of drawing and annotation tools. Certain features may require a subscription.

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