-In R, two commonly used stopword lists (lexicons) are **SMART** and **Snowbal** available through packages like `stopwords`, `tm`, or `tidytext`. Both serve the same purpose, removing common, low-information words, but they differ in origin, size, and linguistic design. **SMART** contains approximately 570 English stopwords, making it more comprehensive and slightly more restrictive, while **Snowball** fewer(350–400), leaving more content words intact. For this workshop, we will adopt the Snowball list because its less restrictive nature helps preserve context, which is especially important for NLP tasks such as topic modeling, sentiment analysis, or classification.
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