Convert `update-supported-enterprise-server-versions` script to TypeScript #7982

Job	Run time
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, nightly-latest)	50s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, linked)	40s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, nightly-latest)	1m 12s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, linked)	1m 44s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, default)	59s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, default)	47s
	6m 12s

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