Convert `update-supported-enterprise-server-versions` script to TypeScript #3677

Job	Run time
Upload debug artifacts (default)	6m 14s
Upload debug artifacts (stable-v2.20.3)	6m 25s
Upload debug artifacts (linked)	5m 57s
Upload debug artifacts (nightly-latest)	6m 15s
Download and check debug artifacts	6s
	24m 57s

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