Convert `update-supported-enterprise-server-versions` script to TypeScript #7984

Job	Run time
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, default)	1m 5s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, default)	44s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, nightly-latest)	1m 23s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, nightly-latest)	49s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, linked)	1m 0s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, linked)	46s
	5m 47s

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