feature: remove image from README and clean up formatting

https-richardy · https-richardy · commit 90ab92a19ed2 · 2026-02-21T15:19:49.000-03:00
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -56,7 +56,3 @@ Each directory represents an independent system with its own solution, source co
 | CI/CD | GitHub Actions | Autonomous pipelines per bounded context |
 
 </div>
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-<img src="https://i.ibb.co/Xf6qcrhW/localhost-3000.png">
