diff --git a/src/json-schema-errors.js b/src/json-schema-errors.js
index 6040616..165ffaa 100644
--- a/src/json-schema-errors.js
+++ b/src/json-schema-errors.js
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const evaluateSchema = (schemaLocation, instance, context) => {
 
   let valid = true;
   /** @type API.NormalizedOutput */
-  const output = { [instanceLocation]: {} };
+  const output = {};
 
   for (const plugin of context.plugins) {
     plugin.beforeSchema?.(schemaLocation, instance, context);
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ export const evaluateSchema = (schemaLocation, instance, context) => {
   const schemaNode = context.ast[schemaLocation];
   if (typeof schemaNode === "boolean") {
     if (context.errorIndex[schemaLocation]?.[instanceLocation]) {
+      output[instanceLocation] ??= {};
       output[instanceLocation] = {
         "https://json-schema.org/validation": {
           [schemaLocation]: schemaNode
@@ -139,6 +140,7 @@ export const evaluateSchema = (schemaLocation, instance, context) => {
           mergeOutput(output, suboutput);
         }
       } else {
+        output[instanceLocation] ??= {};
         output[instanceLocation][normalizedKeywordUri] ??= {};
         output[instanceLocation][normalizedKeywordUri][keywordLocation] = isKeywordValid || (keywordOutput ?? false);
       }
diff --git a/src/normalization-handlers/if.js b/src/normalization-handlers/if.js
index 117ec30..875d27b 100644
--- a/src/normalization-handlers/if.js
+++ b/src/normalization-handlers/if.js
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-import { evaluateSchema } from "../json-schema-errors.js";
-
 /**
  * @import { NormalizationHandler } from "../index.d.ts"
  */
 
 /** @type NormalizationHandler<string> */
 const ifNormalizationHandler = {
-  evaluate(ifLocation, instance, context) {
-    return [evaluateSchema(ifLocation, instance, context)];
+  evaluate() {
+    return [];
   },
   simpleApplicator: true
 };
diff --git a/src/normalization-handlers/properties.js b/src/normalization-handlers/properties.js
index c7d30ae..6c443c6 100644
--- a/src/normalization-handlers/properties.js
+++ b/src/normalization-handlers/properties.js
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { evaluateSchema } from "../json-schema-errors.js";
 import * as Instance from "@hyperjump/json-schema/instance/experimental";
-import * as JsonPointer from "@hyperjump/json-pointer";
 
 /**
  * @import { NormalizationHandler, NormalizedOutput } from "../index.d.ts"
@@ -16,13 +15,10 @@ const propertiesNormalizationHandler = {
       return outputs;
     }
 
-    for (const propertyName in properties) {
-      const propertyNode = Instance.step(propertyName, instance);
-      if (!propertyNode) {
-        outputs.push({
-          [JsonPointer.append(propertyName, Instance.uri(instance))]: {}
-        });
-      } else {
+    for (const [propertyNameNode, propertyNode] of Instance.entries(instance)) {
+      const propertyName = Instance.value(propertyNameNode);
+
+      if (properties[propertyName]) {
         outputs.push(evaluateSchema(properties[propertyName], propertyNode, context));
       }
     }