diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/TabScrollButton/TabScrollButton.js b/packages/mui-material/src/TabScrollButton/TabScrollButton.js
index acadf974feae16..08afed977c2e69 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/TabScrollButton/TabScrollButton.js
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/TabScrollButton/TabScrollButton.js
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ const TabScrollButton = React.forwardRef(function TabScrollButton(inProps, ref)
         }),
       }}
     >
-      {direction === 'left' ? (
+      {(direction === 'left') !== isRtl ? (
         <StartButtonIcon {...startButtonIconProps} />
       ) : (
         <EndButtonIcon {...endButtonIconProps} />
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/TabScrollButton/TabScrollButton.test.js b/packages/mui-material/src/TabScrollButton/TabScrollButton.test.js
index bb73ff3c324b22..b9bc5642c3c911 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/TabScrollButton/TabScrollButton.test.js
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/TabScrollButton/TabScrollButton.test.js
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
+import * as React from 'react';
 import { expect } from 'chai';
 import { createRenderer, screen } from '@mui/internal-test-utils';
 import TabScrollButton, { tabScrollButtonClasses as classes } from '@mui/material/TabScrollButton';
 import { createSvgIcon } from '@mui/material/utils';
+import RtlProvider from '@mui/system/RtlProvider';
 import describeConformance from '../../test/describeConformance';
 
 const ArrowBackIcon = createSvgIcon(<path d="M3 3h18v18H3z" />, 'ArrowBack');
@@ -81,4 +83,34 @@ describe('<TabScrollButton />', () => {
 
     expect(screen.getAllByTestId('ArrowForwardIcon')).to.have.lengthOf(1);
   });
+
+  describe('RTL', () => {
+    it('should render StartScrollButtonIcon for direction="right" in RTL', () => {
+      render(
+        <RtlProvider>
+          <TabScrollButton
+            {...defaultProps}
+            direction="right"
+            disabled
+            slots={{ StartScrollButtonIcon: ArrowBackIcon }}
+          />
+        </RtlProvider>,
+      );
+      expect(screen.getAllByTestId('ArrowBackIcon')).to.have.lengthOf(1);
+    });
+
+    it('should render EndScrollButtonIcon for direction="left" in RTL', () => {
+      render(
+        <RtlProvider>
+          <TabScrollButton
+            {...defaultProps}
+            direction="left"
+            disabled
+            slots={{ EndScrollButtonIcon: ArrowForwardIcon }}
+          />
+        </RtlProvider>,
+      );
+      expect(screen.getAllByTestId('ArrowForwardIcon')).to.have.lengthOf(1);
+    });
+  });
 });