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content/exercises/graded-assignments/mathematics-1/W3GA1.md

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+---
+
+#### 1. Consider three Airports A, B, and C. Two friends Ananya and Madhuri want to meet at Airport C. Ananya Boarded Flight 1 from Point A to C which is 1200 km, due to bad weather, Flight 1 slowed down, and the average speed was reduced by 200 km/h and the time increased by 30 minutes. Madhuri boarded Flight 2 from Point B to C which is 1800 km, the average speed of Flight 2 is 720 km/h. What is the waiting time, and who will be waiting at the airport? (Given Ananya and Madhuri boarded at the same time)
+
+Waiting Time is 1 hr and Ananya is waiting.
+
+Waiting Time is 1 hr and Madhuri is waiting.
+
+Waiting Time is 30 min and Ananya is waiting.
+
+Waiting Time is 30 min and Madhuri is waiting.
+
+{{< border >}}
+**Step-by-Step Explanation:**
+
+1. **Determine Ananya's Flight Details:**
+    - Let Ananya's original speed be \$ x \$ km/h.
+    - Original time: \$ \frac{1200}{x} \$ hours.
+    - Reduced speed: \$ x - 200 \$ km/h.
+    - New time: \$ \frac{1200}{x - 200} \$ hours.
+    - Time increased by 30 minutes (0.5 hours):
+
+$$
+\frac{1200}{x - 200} - \frac{1200}{x} = 0.5
+$$
+2. **Solve for \$ x \$:**
+   
+- Multiply through by \$ x(x - 200) \$:
+
+$$
+1200x - 1200(x - 200) = 0.5x(x - 200)
+$$
+
+- Simplify:
+
+$$
+240000 = 0.5x^2 - 100x \implies x^2 - 200x - 480000 = 0
+$$
+
+- Solve the quadratic equation:
+
+$$
+x = \frac{200 \pm \sqrt{(200)^2 + 4 \cdot 480000}}{2} = \frac{200 \pm 1400}{2}
+$$
+
+- Valid solution: \$ x = 800 \$ km/h (original speed).
+  
+1. **Calculate Flight Times:**
+    - **Ananya's new time:** \$ \frac{1200}{800 - 200} = 2 \$ hours.
+    - **Madhuri's time:** \$ \frac{1800}{720} = 2.5 \$ hours.
+2. **Determine Waiting Time:**
+    - Ananya arrives in **2 hours**, Madhuri in **2.5 hours**.
+    - **Waiting time:** \$ 2.5 - 2 = 0.5 \$ hours (30 minutes).
+    - **Who waits:** Madhuri arrives later, so **Ananya waits**.
+
+**Final Answer:**
+
+\boxed{Waiting Time is 30 min and Ananya is waiting.}
+{{< /border >}}

content/iit-madras/data-science-and-applications/10-learner-life-cycle.md

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+<img src="https://r2cdn.perplexity.ai/pplx-full-logo-primary-dark%402x.png" class="logo" width="120"/>
+
+## Learner Life Cycle in the IIT Madras BS Degree Programme
+
+The learner life cycle in the IIT Madras BS Degree in Data Science and Applications outlines the different stages and statuses a student may experience from admission to completion or exit. This process is designed to provide flexibility, support, and clear progression criteria for all learners[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Stages of the Learner Life Cycle**
+
+**1. Admission and Registration**
+
+- After clearing the Qualifier Exam, a learner becomes eligible to register for Foundation level courses.
+- Registration is done using a personal email ID. Upon document approval and fee payment, the learner receives an official roll number and IITM email ID, which is used for all subsequent communications and course access[^1].
+
+**2. Active Status**
+
+- When a learner is registered for one or more courses in a term (after fee payment), their status is "On the rolls/Active."
+- All program communications, assignments, and exams are accessed via the official IITM email[^1].
+
+**3. Academic Probation**
+
+- If a learner skips registering for courses in a term, they are placed on "Academic Probation."
+- A learner may skip up to two consecutive terms without registering for any courses. During this period, the official email remains active.
+- To maintain status, the learner can pay a "Registration Keep Alive" (RKA) fee per term. If not paid, a penalty is added when re-registering[^1].
+
+**4. Struck Off the Rolls**
+
+- If a learner remains on Academic Probation for two consecutive terms and does not register in the next term, their status changes to "Struck off the rolls," and the official email is suspended.
+- To reactivate, the learner must pay a readmission fee and any pending RKA fees. After two such removals, the learner is permanently removed from the program[^1].
+
+**5. Quitting the Programme**
+
+- Learners may voluntarily quit the program at any time via their dashboard. The official email is deactivated, and the personal email is reactivated for dashboard access.
+- Rejoining after quitting is not possible[^1].
+
+**6. Alumnus Status**
+
+- Upon successful completion of the BSc or BS degree and exiting the program, the learner’s status becomes "Alumnus." The official email is deactivated, and the personal email is used for future communications[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Progression and Exit Points**
+
+- **Multiple Entry and Exit Points:**
+Learners can enter at the Foundation, Diploma, or Degree levels (via different qualifying routes) and exit with a Foundation Certificate, Diploma(s), BSc, or BS degree, depending on credits earned[^1].
+- **Course Registration:**
+Each term, learners register for courses within their "Credit Clearing Capability" (CCC), which is based on past performance. Prerequisites must be met for advanced courses[^1].
+- **Completion Requirements:**
+    - Each level (Foundation, Diploma, BSc, BS) has a maximum duration (typically 3 years/9 terms per level, 8 years/24 terms for the entire program).
+    - There are checkpoints to ensure progress; failure to meet minimum course completions in set timeframes can result in removal from the program[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Learner Status Table**
+
+| Status | Description |
+| :-- | :-- |
+| On the rolls/Active | Registered for at least one course in the current term |
+| Academic Probation | Not registered for any course in a term (allowed for up to two consecutive terms) |
+| Struck off the rolls | Absent for three consecutive terms; must pay to reactivate (max two times allowed) |
+| Quit the programme | Voluntarily exited; cannot rejoin |
+| Alumnus | Successfully completed BSc/BS degree and exited |
+
+
+---
+
+### **Key Points**
+
+- **Flexibility:** Learners can choose their pace and take breaks, but must adhere to maximum allowed gaps.
+- **Support:** Status changes are communicated, and learners are given warnings and opportunities to reactivate.
+- **Completion:** Only upon meeting all requirements and credits does a learner become an alumnus; otherwise, exit is at the last completed level[^1].
+
+---
+
+This structured learner life cycle ensures that students have clear guidelines for progression, opportunities for re-engagement, and defined outcomes at each stage of the IIT Madras BS Degree Programme in Data Science and Applications[^1].
+
+<div style="text-align: center">⁂</div>
+
+[^1]: IITM-BS-Degree-Programme-Student-Handbook.pdf
+
+[^2]: M1_VOL2_CALCULUS.pdf
+
+[^3]: M1_VOL1_SETS-FUNCTIONS.pdf
+
+[^4]: M1_VOL3_GRAPHTHEORY.pdf
+

content/iit-madras/data-science-and-applications/11-design-of-certificates-for-the-4-levels-of-the-program.md

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+<img src="https://r2cdn.perplexity.ai/pplx-full-logo-primary-dark%402x.png" class="logo" width="120"/>
+
+## Design of Certificates for the 4 Levels of the IIT Madras BS Degree Programme
+
+The IIT Madras BS Degree in Data Science and Applications awards formal certificates at four key exit points, each with a distinct design and official status. The certificate designs have been finalized and are displayed on the programme website. Below is a summary of the certificate types, their features, and the process for issuance.
+
+---
+
+### **1. Foundation Level Certificate**
+
+- **Awarded for:** Successful completion of all 8 Foundation courses.
+- **Design Features:**
+    - Bears the official IIT Madras insignia.
+    - Clearly states "Foundation Level Certificate" along with the programme name.
+    - Includes the learner's name, roll number, and date of issue.
+    - Signed by the designated IIT Madras authority.
+- **Purpose:** Certifies that the learner has acquired foundational skills in mathematics, statistics, computational thinking, Python programming, and English, making them eligible for the next level.
+
+---
+
+### **2. Diploma Level Certificates**
+
+- **Awarded for:** Successful completion of the required courses and projects in either or both of:
+    - Diploma in Programming
+    - Diploma in Data Science
+- **Design Features:**
+    - Each diploma has its own distinct certificate.
+    - The certificate specifies the diploma stream (Programming or Data Science).
+    - Features IIT Madras branding, learner details, and date of issue.
+    - Signed by the appropriate IIT Madras official.
+- **Purpose:** Recognizes completion of specialized training in programming or data science. Learners may exit with one or both diplomas.
+
+---
+
+### **3. BSc Degree Certificate**
+
+- **Awarded for:** Completion of all required credits and courses up to the BSc level (including Foundation and both Diplomas).
+- **Design Features:**
+    - Official IIT Madras degree certificate format.
+    - States "Bachelor of Science in Programming and Data Science."
+    - Includes the learner's name, roll number, date of issue, and official signatures.
+    - IIT Madras seal and degree conferral language.
+- **Purpose:** Confers the BSc degree, signifying undergraduate-level mastery in programming and data science.
+
+---
+
+### **4. BS Degree Certificate**
+
+- **Awarded for:** Completion of all programme requirements up to the BS level (including all previous levels and additional credits/electives).
+- **Design Features:**
+    - Official IIT Madras degree certificate format.
+    - States "Bachelor of Science in Data Science and Applications."
+    - Contains learner's details, date, and signatures of institute authorities.
+    - IIT Madras seal and formal degree language.
+- **Purpose:** Awards the BS degree, the highest credential in the programme, indicating advanced expertise and readiness for industry or further study.
+
+---
+
+### **General Certificate Design Elements**
+
+- All certificates are designed to be visually distinct for each level, preventing confusion between levels.
+- Each certificate includes:
+    - IIT Madras logo and branding.
+    - Title of the certificate or degree.
+    - Learner’s name, roll number, and date of issue.
+    - Official signatures and seal.
+- The designs are finalized and showcased on the official programme website for reference[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Issuance Timeline and Process**
+
+- Certificates are issued after completion of the required credits and upon approval by the IIT Madras Senate.
+- Senate meetings for certificate approval are held three to four times a year.
+- Learners receive provisional certificates first, followed by the original certificate after Senate approval.
+- The photo used for the hall ticket is printed on the provisional certificate[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Recognition and Status**
+
+- **Foundation and Diploma Certificates:** Recognize academic achievement at intermediate levels; learners who exit at these stages are not considered alumni.
+- **BSc and BS Degree Certificates:** Full undergraduate degrees; recipients are considered IIT Madras alumni.
+
+---
+
+**Note:** The actual certificate designs (visuals) can be viewed on the programme website. All certificates are official IIT Madras documents, ensuring national and international recognition[^1].
+
+<div style="text-align: center">⁂</div>
+
+[^1]: IITM-BS-Degree-Programme-Student-Handbook.pdf
+
+[^2]: M1_VOL3_GRAPHTHEORY.pdf
+
+[^3]: M1_VOL2_CALCULUS.pdf
+
+[^4]: M1_VOL1_SETS-FUNCTIONS.pdf
+

content/iit-madras/data-science-and-applications/12-academic-aspects.md

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+<img src="https://r2cdn.perplexity.ai/pplx-full-logo-primary-dark%402x.png" class="logo" width="120"/>
+
+## Academic Aspects of the IIT Madras BS Degree in Data Science and Applications
+
+The academic structure and policies of the IIT Madras BS Degree in Data Science and Applications are designed to ensure rigor, flexibility, and accessibility for a diverse student population. Below are the key academic aspects as outlined in the official student handbook[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Academic Calendar**
+
+- The program operates on a trimester system with three terms each year: January–April, May–August, and September–December.
+- All foundational, diploma, and mandatory BSc-level courses are offered every term, allowing students to choose their pace of study.
+- Students must complete each level within a specified maximum duration:
+    - **Foundation Level:** 3 years (9 terms)
+    - **Diploma Level:** 4 years (12 terms)
+    - **BSc and BS Levels:** 3 years (9 terms each)
+    - **Total Program:** 8 years (24 terms) maximum[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Course Structure and Delivery**
+
+- **Online Delivery:** All courses are delivered online with weekly released content, including 2–4 hours of recorded lectures, tutorials, self-assessments, practice assignments, and transcripts.
+- **In-Person Exams:** Monthly quizzes and end-term exams are conducted in-person at designated centers.
+- **Credits:** 1 credit corresponds to 14 hours of learner engagement. The BSc degree requires 114 credits, while the BS degree requires 142 credits[^1].
+- **Course Duration:** Most courses are 4 credits and run for 12 weeks.
+
+---
+
+### **Evaluation and Grading**
+
+- **Assessment Components:**
+    - **Weekly Online Assignments:** Best 5 out of the first 9 assignments are considered for eligibility to write the final exam.
+    - **Two In-Person Quizzes:** Conducted at the end of weeks 4 and 8.
+    - **End-Term Exam:** In-person, 1.5 hours per course, held at the end of the term.
+- **Eligibility:** To write the final exam, students must have an average assignment score of at least 40/100 and must have attended at least one quiz[^1].
+- **Grading System:** Absolute grading with the following scale:
+    - S (≥90), A (80–89), B (70–79), C (60–69), D (50–59), E (40–49), U (<40, Fail)
+- **Pass Criteria:** A total course score (sum of all components) of 40/100 is required to pass[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Repeating Courses and Improvement**
+
+- **Repeating for Failure:** If a student fails or is not eligible for the final exam, they must repeat the entire course, including assignments, quizzes, and the final exam.
+- **Repeating for Improvement:** Students can repeat any course to improve their grade; the highest score is considered for CGPA. The fee for improvement is double the regular course fee.
+- **Make-Up Exams:** Allowed once for students who missed only the final exam (grade 'I'). The grading follows the original term's pattern[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Course Registration and Credit Limits**
+
+- **Credit Clearing Capability (CCC):** Determines the maximum number of courses a student can register for in a term, based on performance in previous terms.
+- **Prerequisites:** Students must complete all required courses at one level before progressing to the next. Specific prerequisites exist for certain courses[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Progression and Checkpoints**
+
+- **Foundation Level:** Must complete at least 4 courses in 4 terms, 6 in 6 terms, and all 8 in 9 terms to avoid removal from the program.
+- **Diploma Level:** Must complete at least 3 courses + 1 project in 3 terms, 6 courses + 2 projects in 6 terms, 9 courses + 3 projects in 9 terms, and all 12 courses + 4 projects in 12 terms[^1].
+- **Degree Level:** Progression to the BSc degree requires a CGPA of 6.0 overall and 7.0 in diploma projects.
+
+---
+
+### **Learning Paths and Flexibility**
+
+- Multiple entry and exit points: Students can exit with a Foundation Certificate, one or both Diplomas, BSc, or BS degree.
+- Students can choose their pace and take breaks, subject to maximum allowed gaps and completion timelines.
+
+---
+
+### **Academic Awards and Recognition**
+
+- **Certificates of Merit, Distinction, and Excellence** are awarded at the completion of Foundation, Diploma, and BS levels based on CGPA.
+- **Minor in Economics and Finance:** Available only with the BS degree upon completion of additional prescribed courses[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Credit Transfer**
+
+- **NPTEL/SWAYAM:** Up to 4 credits at the BSc level and 8 at the BS level can be transferred from approved NPTEL courses.
+- **IITM Campus Courses:** Eligible students can transfer up to 8 credits at BSc and 24 at BS level from on-campus courses, subject to CGPA and seat availability[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Hardware and Software Requirements**
+
+- Minimum: 8GB RAM, modern processor, 500GB storage, webcam, mic, and stable internet.
+- Operating System: Windows 10, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, or Mac OS Mojave or higher.
+- Required software includes Google Suite and the ability to install course-specific applications[^1].
+
+---
+
+### **Academic Integrity**
+
+- Plagiarism or cheating in assignments, projects, or exams leads to disciplinary action, including failure or removal from the program.
+
+---
+
+### **Summary**
+
+The academic framework of the IIT Madras BS Degree in Data Science and Applications emphasizes flexibility, rigorous evaluation, and clear progression criteria, ensuring a robust and supportive environment for learners from diverse backgrounds to achieve their educational goals[^1].
+
+---
+[^1]: IITM-BS-Degree-Programme-Student-Handbook.pdf
+
+<div style="text-align: center">⁂</div>
+
+[^1]: IITM-BS-Degree-Programme-Student-Handbook.pdf
+
+[^2]: M1_VOL2_CALCULUS.pdf
+
+[^3]: M1_VOL3_GRAPHTHEORY.pdf
+
+[^4]: M1_VOL1_SETS-FUNCTIONS.pdf
+