ut: ztest: Port of remaining tests from test/cmocka/src/math/arithmetic #23082

Job	Run time
build-linux (mnfst, lnl)	4m 25s
build-linux (mnfst, tgl-h)	4m 17s
build-linux (mnfst, mtl)	4m 29s
build-windows (mnfst, imx8m imx8ulp)	10m 37s
build-windows (mnfst, tgl)	9m 26s
LP64-WIP	4m 0s
build-linux (mnfst, ptl)	5m 46s
build-linux (mnfst, tgl)	4m 14s
build-windows (mnfst, tgl-h)	8m 15s
build-windows (mnfst, lnl)	9m 20s
build-linux (-d, mnfst, lnl)	4m 22s
build-windows (mnfst, ptl)	10m 52s
manifest-check	2m 47s
build-linux (mnfst, imx8m imx8ulp)	5m 12s
build-windows (mnfst, mtl)	9m 28s
build-linux (mnfst, wcl imx95)	7m 20s
build-linux (mnfst, imx8 imx8x)	5m 9s
build-windows (mnfst, imx8 imx8x)	9m 20s
build-windows (-d, mnfst, lnl)	9m 20s
compare-linux-win	31s
	2h 9m 10s

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