main.py

import json
import logging
import requests

api_url: str = "https://dummy-json.mock.beeceptor.com"

def get_posts(url: str) -> dict | None:
    """
    Fetch all posts from API

    Args:
        url (str): API URL
    Returns:
        dict: Dictionary of Posts
    Raises:
        requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: Connection error
    """

    logging.info("Start fetching posts from API.")

    response = requests.get(
        url=f"{url}/posts"
    )

    logging.debug("API return code {}.".format(response.status_code))

    if response.status_code == 200:
        return response.json()
    else:
        logging.error("Failed to fetch posts from API.\n{}".format(response.text))

    # Explict return None statement for best practice when expecting a return from this function
    return None

def get_users(url: str) -> dict | None:
    """
    Fetch all users information from API

    Args:
        url (str): API URL
    Returns:
        dict: Dictionary of Users
    Raises:
        requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: Connection error
    """

    logging.info("Start fetching user information from API.")

    response = requests.get(
        url=f"{url}/users"
    )

    logging.debug("API return code {}.".format(response.status_code))

    if response.status_code == 200:
        return response.json()
    else:
        logging.error("Failed to fetch user information from API.\n{}".format(response.text))

    return None

def get_user(user_id: int, api_response: dict) -> dict | None:
    for user in api_response:
        if user['id'] == user_id:
            return user

    return None


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # We use logger to record things that happen during our program execution
    # More info on Python logging: https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html
    # Configure the root logger
    logging.basicConfig(
        level=logging.INFO,
        format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s",
        datefmt="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
    )

    # Create a logger for the current module
    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
    logging.info("Finish logging setup.")

    # It is not require to do type annotation `dict | None`, but it is a good practice.
    # get_posts() may return None if the API call was unsuccessful
    posts: dict | None = get_posts(api_url)

    # If posts is not null can be written like this instead of `if x is not None:`
    # HOWEVER, if posts is 0, an empty string "" it will return false.
    if posts:
        for post in posts:
            print(f"User {post['userId']} posted: {post['title']}.")

    users = get_users(url= api_url)
    if users:
        # Get User 1 data
        user_data = get_user(1, users)
        # Using json.dumps() for prettier print
        print(json.dumps(user_data, indent=4))
        # Get user 5 data
        # The order of argument matters
        # However it can override if arguments are specific like below
        user_data = get_user(api_response=users, user_id=5)
        print(user_data['email'])

    # For best practices in Python, PEP8 is the style guide in Python
    # https://peps.python.org/pep-0008/

    # If interested in web scraping, BeautifulSoup is the standard library for it in Python
    # https://beautiful-soup-4.readthedocs.io/en/latest/