diff --git a/internal/cmd/deploy/deploy.go b/internal/cmd/deploy/deploy.go
index b85d3a1..533b57c 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/deploy/deploy.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/deploy/deploy.go
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ func NewCmdDeploy(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "deploy",
 		Short:   "Deploy local project to Zeabur with one command",
-		PreRunE: util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runDeploy(f, opts)
 		},
diff --git a/internal/cmd/deployment/get/get.go b/internal/cmd/deployment/get/get.go
index 68f8609..c12c285 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/deployment/get/get.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/deployment/get/get.go
@@ -24,20 +24,17 @@ func NewCmdGet(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:     "get",
-		Short:   "Get deployment, if deployment-id is not specified, use serviceID/serviceName and environmentID to get the deployment",
-		PreRunE: util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
+		Use:   "get",
+		Short: "Get deployment, if deployment-id is not specified, use serviceID/serviceName and environmentID to get the deployment",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runGet(f, opts)
 		},
 	}
 
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.deploymentID, "deployment-id", "", "Deployment ID")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceID, "service-id", zctx.GetService().GetID(), "Service ID")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceName, "service-name", zctx.GetService().GetName(), "Service Name")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.environmentID, "env-id", zctx.GetEnvironment().GetID(), "Environment ID")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceID, "service-id", "", "Service ID")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceName, "service-name", "", "Service Name")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.environmentID, "env-id", "", "Environment ID")
 
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -69,39 +66,39 @@ func runGetInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runGetNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) (err error) {
-	if opts.deploymentID == "" && opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, resolveErr := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
-		if resolveErr != nil {
-			return resolveErr
+	// If deployment ID is provided, just use it directly
+	if opts.deploymentID != "" {
+		deployment, err := getDeploymentByID(f, opts.deploymentID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
+		f.Printer.Table(deployment.Header(), deployment.Rows())
+		return nil
 	}
 
-	if err = paramCheck(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	// Resolve service ID from name
+	if opts.serviceID == "" && opts.serviceName != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.serviceName)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get service: %w", err)
+		}
+		opts.serviceID = service.ID
 	}
 
-	var deployment *model.Deployment
+	if opts.serviceID == "" {
+		return errors.New("--deployment-id or --service-id/--service-name is required")
+	}
 
-	// If deployment id is provided, get deployment by deployment id
-	if opts.deploymentID != "" {
-		deployment, err = getDeploymentByID(f, opts.deploymentID)
-	} else {
-		// or, get deployment by service id and environment id
-
-		// If service id is not provided, get service id by service name
-		if opts.serviceID == "" {
-			var service *model.Service
-			if service, err = util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.serviceName); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to get service: %w", err)
-			} else {
-				opts.serviceID = service.ID
-			}
+	// Resolve environment from service's project
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.serviceID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
-		deployment, err = getDeploymentByServiceAndEnvironment(f, opts.serviceID, opts.environmentID)
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
+	deployment, err := getDeploymentByServiceAndEnvironment(f, opts.serviceID, opts.environmentID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -132,19 +129,3 @@ func getDeploymentByServiceAndEnvironment(f *cmdutil.Factory, serviceID, environ
 
 	return deployment, nil
 }
-
-func paramCheck(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.deploymentID != "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if opts.serviceID == "" && opts.serviceName == "" {
-		return errors.New("when deployment-id is not specified, service-id or service-name is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return errors.New("when deployment-id is not specified, env-id is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/deployment/list/list.go b/internal/cmd/deployment/list/list.go
index 3c34c69..81b1d0a 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/deployment/list/list.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/deployment/list/list.go
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 )
 
 type Options struct {
-	// todo: support service name
 	serviceID     string
 	serviceName   string
 	environmentID string
@@ -25,17 +24,14 @@ func NewCmdList(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 		Use:     "list",
 		Short:   "List deployments",
 		Aliases: []string{"ls"},
-		PreRunE: util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runList(f, opts)
 		},
 	}
 
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceID, "service-id", zctx.GetService().GetID(), "Service ID")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceName, "service-name", zctx.GetService().GetName(), "Service Name")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.environmentID, "env-id", zctx.GetEnvironment().GetID(), "Environment ID")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceID, "service-id", "", "Service ID")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceName, "service-name", "", "Service Name")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.environmentID, "env-id", "", "Environment ID")
 
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -65,26 +61,26 @@ func runListInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runListNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
+	// Resolve service ID from name
+	if opts.serviceID == "" && opts.serviceName != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.serviceName)
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get service: %w", err)
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
+		opts.serviceID = service.ID
 	}
 
-	if err := paramCheck(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.serviceID == "" {
+		return errors.New("--service-id or --service-name is required")
 	}
 
-	// If service id is not provided, get service id by service name
-	if opts.serviceID == "" {
-		if service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.serviceName); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get service: %w", err)
-		} else {
-			opts.serviceID = service.ID
+	// Resolve environment from service's project
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.serviceID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	deployments, err := f.ApiClient.ListAllDeployments(context.Background(), opts.serviceID, opts.environmentID)
@@ -101,15 +97,3 @@ func runListNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func paramCheck(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.serviceID == "" && opts.serviceName == "" {
-		return errors.New("service-id or service-name is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return errors.New("environment is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/deployment/log/log.go b/internal/cmd/deployment/log/log.go
index d241071..456cffd 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/deployment/log/log.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/deployment/log/log.go
@@ -33,21 +33,18 @@ func NewCmdLog(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:     "log",
-		Short:   "Get deployment logs, if deployment-id is not specified, use serviceID/serviceName and environmentID to get the deployment",
-		PreRunE: util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
+		Use:   "log",
+		Short: "Get deployment logs, if deployment-id is not specified, use serviceID/serviceName and environmentID to get the deployment",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runLog(f, opts)
 		},
 	}
 
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.projectID, "project-id", zctx.GetProject().GetID(), "Project ID")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.projectID, "project-id", "", "Project ID")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.deploymentID, "deployment-id", "", "Deployment ID")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceID, "service-id", zctx.GetService().GetID(), "Service ID")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceName, "service-name", zctx.GetService().GetName(), "Service Name")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.environmentID, "env-id", zctx.GetEnvironment().GetID(), "Environment ID")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceID, "service-id", "", "Service ID")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.serviceName, "service-name", "", "Service Name")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.environmentID, "env-id", "", "Environment ID")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.logType, "type", "t", logTypeRuntime, "Log type, runtime or build")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.watch, "watch", "w", false, "Watch logs")
 
@@ -63,13 +60,8 @@ func runLog(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runLogInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
-	if opts.projectID == "" {
-		opts.projectID = zctx.GetProject().GetID()
-	}
-
 	if opts.deploymentID == "" {
+		zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 		_, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
 			ProjectCtx:    zctx,
 			ServiceID:     &opts.serviceID,
@@ -95,8 +87,7 @@ func runLogNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) (err error) {
 		opts.serviceID = service.ID
 	}
 
-	// When serviceID is available, always resolve projectID and environmentID from the service
-	// instead of relying on context (which may point to a different project).
+	// When serviceID is available, resolve projectID and environmentID from the service
 	if opts.serviceID != "" {
 		service, err := f.ApiClient.GetService(context.Background(), opts.serviceID, "", "", "")
 		if err != nil {
@@ -105,24 +96,13 @@ func runLogNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) (err error) {
 		if service.Project != nil {
 			opts.projectID = service.Project.ID
 		}
-		envID, resolveErr := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, opts.projectID)
-		if resolveErr != nil {
-			return resolveErr
-		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
-	}
-
-	// Fallback: resolve environmentID from context project if still empty
-	if opts.deploymentID == "" && opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := opts.projectID
-		if projectID == "" {
-			projectID = f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		}
-		envID, resolveErr := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
-		if resolveErr != nil {
-			return resolveErr
+		if opts.environmentID == "" {
+			envID, resolveErr := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, opts.projectID)
+			if resolveErr != nil {
+				return resolveErr
+			}
+			opts.environmentID = envID
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	if err = paramCheck(opts); err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/cmd/domain/create/create.go b/internal/cmd/domain/create/create.go
index f858493..f6fdfad 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/domain/create/create.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/domain/create/create.go
@@ -23,17 +23,11 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdCreateDomain(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "create",
 		Short: "create a domain",
 		Long:  `Create a domain for a service`,
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runCreateDomain(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -93,7 +87,17 @@ func runCreateDomainInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 		opts.domainName = domainInput
 	}
 
-	project, err := f.ApiClient.GetProject(context.Background(), zctx.GetProject().GetID(), "", "")
+	// Get project from the service to check domain availability
+	service, err := f.ApiClient.GetService(context.Background(), opts.id, "", "", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("get service failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	projectID := ""
+	if service.Project != nil {
+		projectID = service.Project.ID
+	}
+
+	project, err := f.ApiClient.GetProject(context.Background(), projectID, "", "")
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -146,16 +150,24 @@ func runCreateDomainInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runCreateDomainNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
 
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	s := spinner.New(cmdutil.SpinnerCharSet, cmdutil.SpinnerInterval,
diff --git a/internal/cmd/domain/delete/delete.go b/internal/cmd/domain/delete/delete.go
index b234b0a..c6f4e92 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/domain/delete/delete.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/domain/delete/delete.go
@@ -22,18 +22,12 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdDeleteDomain(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "delete",
 		Short:   "Delete domain",
 		Long:    `Delete domain of a service`,
 		Aliases: []string{"del"},
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runDeleteDomain(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -112,16 +106,20 @@ func runDeleteDomainInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runDeleteDomainNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
 
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.environmentID == "" && opts.id != "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	s := spinner.New(cmdutil.SpinnerCharSet, cmdutil.SpinnerInterval,
diff --git a/internal/cmd/domain/list/list.go b/internal/cmd/domain/list/list.go
index d087280..673406f 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/domain/list/list.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/domain/list/list.go
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdListDomains(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "list",
@@ -28,11 +27,6 @@ func NewCmdListDomains(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 		Long:    `List domains of a service`,
 		Args:    cobra.NoArgs,
 		Aliases: []string{"ls"},
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runListDomains(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -69,16 +63,24 @@ func runListDomainsInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runListDomainsNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
 
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	s := spinner.New(cmdutil.SpinnerCharSet, cmdutil.SpinnerInterval,
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/delete/delete.go b/internal/cmd/service/delete/delete.go
index 5b919da..bb9aaf1 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/delete/delete.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/delete/delete.go
@@ -21,16 +21,10 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdDelete(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "delete",
 		Short: "Delete a service",
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runDelete(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -67,26 +61,24 @@ func runDeleteInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runDeleteNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
+		opts.id = service.ID
 	}
 
-	if err := checkParams(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
 	}
 
-	// if name is set, get service id by name
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
-		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.id = service.ID
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	// to show friendly message
@@ -118,15 +110,3 @@ func runDeleteNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func checkParams(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--env-id is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/deploy/deploy.go b/internal/cmd/service/deploy/deploy.go
index 7df7944..00e1fb4 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/deploy/deploy.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/deploy/deploy.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/briandowns/spinner"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/cmdutil"
-	"github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/util"
 	"github.com/zeabur/cli/pkg/constant"
 )
 
@@ -25,20 +24,15 @@ type Options struct {
 func NewCmdDeploy(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
 
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "deploy",
 		Short: "Deploy a service",
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetProject(), &opts.projectID, new(string)),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runDeploy(f, opts)
 		},
 	}
 
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.projectID, "project-id", "", "Project ID")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.name, "name", "", "Service Name")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.template, "template", "", "Service template")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.marketplaceCode, "marketplace-code", "", "Marketplace item code")
@@ -58,6 +52,10 @@ func runDeploy(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runDeployNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
+	if opts.projectID == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--project-id is required")
+	}
+
 	err := paramCheck(opts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -77,7 +75,7 @@ func runDeployNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 		f.Log.Infof("Service %s created", service.Name)
 		return nil
 	case "GIT":
-		_, err = f.ApiClient.CreateService(context.Background(), f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID(), opts.name, opts.repoID, opts.branchName)
+		_, err = f.ApiClient.CreateService(context.Background(), opts.projectID, opts.name, opts.repoID, opts.branchName)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("create service failed: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -91,8 +89,10 @@ func runDeployNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 func runDeployInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 	// fill project id if not set by asking user
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.Project(&opts.projectID); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.projectID == "" {
+		if _, err := f.ParamFiller.Project(&opts.projectID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 
 	if opts.template == "" {
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ func runDeployInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 		)
 		s.Start()
 
-		_, err = f.ApiClient.CreateService(context.Background(), f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID(), opts.name, opts.repoID, opts.branchName)
+		_, err = f.ApiClient.CreateService(context.Background(), opts.projectID, opts.name, opts.repoID, opts.branchName)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/exec/exec.go b/internal/cmd/service/exec/exec.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bd8a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/exec/exec.go
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package exec
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/cmdutil"
+	"github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/util"
+	"github.com/zeabur/cli/pkg/fill"
+)
+
+type Options struct {
+	id   string
+	name string
+
+	environmentID string
+
+	command []string
+}
+
+func NewCmdExec(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
+	opts := &Options{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "exec -- <command> [args...]",
+		Short: "Execute a command in a service container",
+		Long:  "Execute a command in a running service's container. The command and its arguments should be specified after \"--\".",
+		Example: `  # List files in the service container
+  zeabur service exec -- ls -la
+
+  # Run a shell command
+  zeabur service exec -- sh -c "echo hello"
+
+  # Specify service by name
+  zeabur service exec --name my-svc --env-id xxx -- cat /etc/hostname`,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			opts.command = cmd.Flags().Args()
+			if len(opts.command) == 0 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("command is required, use -- to separate it from flags")
+			}
+			return runExec(f, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	util.AddServiceParam(cmd, &opts.id, &opts.name)
+	util.AddEnvOfServiceParam(cmd, &opts.environmentID)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func runExec(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
+	if f.Interactive {
+		return runExecInteractive(f, opts)
+	}
+	return runExecNonInteractive(f, opts)
+}
+
+func runExecInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
+		zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+		if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
+			ProjectCtx:    zctx,
+			ServiceID:     &opts.id,
+			ServiceName:   &opts.name,
+			EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
+			CreateNew:     false,
+		}); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return runExecNonInteractive(f, opts)
+}
+
+func runExecNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
+
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
+	}
+
+	result, err := f.ApiClient.ExecuteCommand(context.Background(), opts.id, opts.environmentID, opts.command)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("execute command failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Print(result.Output)
+
+	if result.ExitCode != 0 {
+		os.Exit(result.ExitCode)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/expose/expose.go b/internal/cmd/service/expose/expose.go
index 6582355..ac361e5 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/expose/expose.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/expose/expose.go
@@ -20,22 +20,16 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdExpose(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "expose",
 		Short: "Expose a service temporarily",
 		Long: `Expose a service temporarily, default 3600 seconds.
 example:
-      zeabur service expose # cli will try to get service from context or prompt to select one
+      zeabur service expose # cli will prompt to select a service
 	  zeabur service expose --id xxxxx --env-id xxxx # use id and env-id to expose service
-      zeabur service expose --name xxxxx --env-id xxxx # if project context is set, use name, env-id to expose service
+      zeabur service expose --name xxxxx --env-id xxxx # use name, env-id to expose service
 `,
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runExpose(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -56,23 +50,41 @@ func runExpose(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runExposeNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
+
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("please specify --id or --name")
+	}
+
+	// Resolve environment and project from the service
+	service, err := f.ApiClient.GetService(context.Background(), opts.id, "", "", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("get service failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
+		if service.Project == nil || service.Project.ID == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("service has no associated project")
+		}
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, service.Project.ID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
-	err := paramCheck(opts)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	projectID := ""
+	if service.Project != nil {
+		projectID = service.Project.ID
 	}
 
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-
 	tempTCPPort, err := f.ApiClient.ExposeService(ctx, opts.id, opts.environmentID, projectID, opts.name)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to expose service: %w", err)
@@ -97,15 +109,3 @@ func runExposeInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return runExposeNonInteractive(f, opts)
 }
-
-func paramCheck(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("please specify --id or --name")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("please specify --env-id")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/get/get.go b/internal/cmd/service/get/get.go
index 87978f0..0b70576 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/get/get.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/get/get.go
@@ -22,16 +22,10 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdGet(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "get",
 		Short: "Get a service, if environment is specified, get the service details in the environment",
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runGet(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -64,8 +58,17 @@ func runGetInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runGetNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	projectName := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetName()
-	username := f.Config.GetUsername()
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
+
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
 
 	var (
 		t   model.Tabler
@@ -73,9 +76,9 @@ func runGetNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 	)
 
 	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		t, err = getServiceBrief(f.ApiClient, opts.id, username, projectName, opts.name)
+		t, err = getServiceBrief(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
 	} else {
-		t, err = getServiceDetails(f.ApiClient, opts.id, username, projectName, opts.name, opts.environmentID)
+		t, err = getServiceDetails(f.ApiClient, opts.id, opts.environmentID)
 	}
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -87,9 +90,9 @@ func runGetNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func getServiceBrief(client api.ServiceAPI, id, username, projectName, name string) (t model.Tabler, err error) {
+func getServiceBrief(client api.ServiceAPI, id string) (t model.Tabler, err error) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	service, err := client.GetService(ctx, id, username, projectName, name)
+	service, err := client.GetService(ctx, id, "", "", "")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get service failed: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -97,9 +100,9 @@ func getServiceBrief(client api.ServiceAPI, id, username, projectName, name stri
 	return service, nil
 }
 
-func getServiceDetails(client api.ServiceAPI, id, username, projectID, name, environmentID string) (t model.Tabler, err error) {
+func getServiceDetails(client api.ServiceAPI, id, environmentID string) (t model.Tabler, err error) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	serviceDetail, err := client.GetServiceDetailByEnvironment(ctx, id, username, projectID, name, environmentID)
+	serviceDetail, err := client.GetServiceDetailByEnvironment(ctx, id, "", "", "", environmentID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get service failed: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/instruction/instruction.go b/internal/cmd/service/instruction/instruction.go
index ce75525..f49a151 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/instruction/instruction.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/instruction/instruction.go
@@ -20,17 +20,10 @@ type Options struct {
 func NewCmdInstruction(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
 
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "instruction",
 		Short: "Instruction for prebuiltservice",
 		Long:  `Instruction for prebuilt service`,
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runInstruction(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -43,22 +36,20 @@ func NewCmdInstruction(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 }
 
 func runInstruction(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-		FilterFunc: func(service *model.Service) bool {
-			return service.Template == "PREBUILT"
-		},
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err := paramCheck(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if f.Interactive && opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
+		zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+		if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
+			ProjectCtx:    zctx,
+			ServiceID:     &opts.id,
+			ServiceName:   &opts.name,
+			EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
+			CreateNew:     false,
+			FilterFunc: func(service *model.Service) bool {
+				return service.Template == "PREBUILT"
+			},
+		}); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 
 	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
@@ -69,6 +60,18 @@ func runInstruction(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 		opts.id = service.ID
 	}
 
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("service id or name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
+	}
+
 	instructions, err := f.ApiClient.ServiceInstructions(context.Background(), opts.id, opts.environmentID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -80,11 +83,3 @@ func runInstruction(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func paramCheck(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("service id or name is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/list/list.go b/internal/cmd/service/list/list.go
index 38f52de..78cbe9d 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/list/list.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/list/list.go
@@ -15,10 +15,7 @@ type Options struct {
 }
 
 func NewCmdList(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
-	opts := &Options{
-		projectID: f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID(),
-	}
-	ctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+	opts := &Options{}
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "list",
@@ -26,16 +23,12 @@ func NewCmdList(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 		Long:    `List services, if env-id is provided, list services in the environment in detail`,
 		Args:    cobra.NoArgs,
 		Aliases: []string{"ls"},
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f, &opts.projectID),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(ctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runList(f, opts)
 		},
 	}
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.projectID, "project-id", opts.projectID, "Project ID")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.projectID, "project-id", "", "Project ID")
 	util.AddEnvOfServiceParam(cmd, &opts.environmentID)
 
 	return cmd
@@ -50,30 +43,24 @@ func runList(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runListInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	// if project id is not set by flag, fetch from context
 	if opts.projectID == "" {
-		opts.projectID = f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-	}
-
-	// if project id is still not set, prompt to select one
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.Project(&opts.projectID); err != nil {
-		return err
+		if _, err := f.ParamFiller.Project(&opts.projectID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 
 	return runListNonInteractive(f, opts)
 }
 
 func runListNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	err := paramCheck(opts)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.projectID == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--project-id is required")
 	}
 
 	if opts.environmentID == "" {
 		return listServicesBrief(f, opts.projectID)
-	} else {
-		return listServicesDetailByEnvironment(f, opts.projectID, opts.environmentID)
 	}
+	return listServicesDetailByEnvironment(f, opts.projectID, opts.environmentID)
 }
 
 func listServicesBrief(f *cmdutil.Factory, projectID string) error {
@@ -107,11 +94,3 @@ func listServicesDetailByEnvironment(f *cmdutil.Factory, projectID, environmentI
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func paramCheck(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.projectID == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("project-id is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/metric/metric.go b/internal/cmd/service/metric/metric.go
index e1fd2d6..bc2e659 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/metric/metric.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/metric/metric.go
@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@ type Options struct {
 func NewCmdMetric(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
 
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "metric [CPU|MEMORY|NETWORK]",
 		Short: "Show metric of a service",
@@ -36,11 +34,6 @@ func NewCmdMetric(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 			string(model.MetricTypeMemory),
 			string(model.MetricTypeNetwork),
 		},
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			opts.metricType = args[0]
 			return runMetric(f, opts)
@@ -79,36 +72,48 @@ func runMetricInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runMetricNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
+		opts.id = service.ID
 	}
 
-	if err := paramCheck(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
 	}
 
-	// if name is set, get service id by name
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
-		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+	// Resolve environment and project from the service
+	service, err := f.ApiClient.GetService(context.Background(), opts.id, "", "", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("get service failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	projectID := ""
+	if service.Project != nil {
+		projectID = service.Project.ID
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.id = service.ID
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
-	upperCaseMetricType := strings.ToUpper(opts.metricType)
+	if opts.metricType == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("metric type is required")
+	}
 
+	upperCaseMetricType := strings.ToUpper(opts.metricType)
 	mt := model.MetricType(opts.metricType)
 
 	startTime := time.Now().Add(-time.Duration(opts.hour) * time.Hour)
 	endTime := time.Now()
 
-	metrics, err := f.ApiClient.ServiceMetric(context.Background(), opts.id, f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID(), opts.environmentID, upperCaseMetricType, startTime, endTime)
+	metrics, err := f.ApiClient.ServiceMetric(context.Background(), opts.id, projectID, opts.environmentID, upperCaseMetricType, startTime, endTime)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("get service metric failed: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -147,19 +152,3 @@ func runMetricNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func paramCheck(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--env-id is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.metricType == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("metric type is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/network/network.go b/internal/cmd/service/network/network.go
index bbda132..adf0b37 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/network/network.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/network/network.go
@@ -20,20 +20,13 @@ type Options struct {
 func NewCmdPrivateNetwork(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
 
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "network",
 		Short:   "Network information for service",
 		Long:    `Network information for service`,
 		Aliases: []string{"net"},
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			return runInstruction(f, opts)
+			return runNetwork(f, opts)
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -43,20 +36,18 @@ func NewCmdPrivateNetwork(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func runInstruction(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err := paramCheck(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+func runNetwork(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
+	if f.Interactive && opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
+		zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+		if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
+			ProjectCtx:    zctx,
+			ServiceID:     &opts.id,
+			ServiceName:   &opts.name,
+			EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
+			CreateNew:     false,
+		}); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 
 	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
@@ -67,6 +58,10 @@ func runInstruction(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 		opts.id = service.ID
 	}
 
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("service id or name is required")
+	}
+
 	s := spinner.New(cmdutil.SpinnerCharSet, cmdutil.SpinnerInterval,
 		spinner.WithColor(cmdutil.SpinnerColor),
 		spinner.WithSuffix(fmt.Sprintf(" Fetching network information of service %s ...", opts.name)),
@@ -85,11 +80,3 @@ func runInstruction(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func paramCheck(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("service id or name is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/redeploy/redeploy.go b/internal/cmd/service/redeploy/redeploy.go
index 7471af1..f39ca8d 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/redeploy/redeploy.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/redeploy/redeploy.go
@@ -21,16 +21,10 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdRedeploy(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "redeploy",
 		Short: "redeploy a service",
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runRedeploy(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -68,26 +62,24 @@ func runRedeployInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runRedeployNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
+		opts.id = service.ID
 	}
 
-	if err := checkParams(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
 	}
 
-	// if name is set, get service id by name
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
-		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.id = service.ID
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	// to show friendly message
@@ -116,15 +108,3 @@ func runRedeployNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func checkParams(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--env-id is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/restart/restart.go b/internal/cmd/service/restart/restart.go
index 318d404..d407ec1 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/restart/restart.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/restart/restart.go
@@ -21,16 +21,10 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdRestart(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "restart",
 		Short: "restart a service",
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runRestart(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -68,26 +62,24 @@ func runRestartInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runRestartNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
+		opts.id = service.ID
 	}
 
-	if err := checkParams(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
 	}
 
-	// if name is set, get service id by name
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
-		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.id = service.ID
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	// to show friendly message
@@ -116,15 +108,3 @@ func runRestartNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func checkParams(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--env-id is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/service.go b/internal/cmd/service/service.go
index 026f5ed..ae22b01 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/service.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/service.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 
 	serviceDeleteCmd "github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/cmd/service/delete"
 	serviceDeployCmd "github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/cmd/service/deploy"
+	serviceExecCmd "github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/cmd/service/exec"
 	serviceExposeCmd "github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/cmd/service/expose"
 	serviceGetCmd "github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/cmd/service/get"
 	serviceInstructionCmd "github.com/zeabur/cli/internal/cmd/service/instruction"
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ func NewCmdService(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.AddCommand(serviceSuspendCmd.NewCmdSuspend(f))
 	cmd.AddCommand(serviceDeleteCmd.NewCmdDelete(f))
 	cmd.AddCommand(serviceDeployCmd.NewCmdDeploy(f))
+	cmd.AddCommand(serviceExecCmd.NewCmdExec(f))
 	cmd.AddCommand(serviceInstructionCmd.NewCmdInstruction(f))
 	cmd.AddCommand(serviceNetworkCmd.NewCmdPrivateNetwork(f))
 	cmd.AddCommand(serviceUpdateCmd.NewCmdUpdate(f))
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/suspend/suspend.go b/internal/cmd/service/suspend/suspend.go
index c64e3de..a96a729 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/suspend/suspend.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/suspend/suspend.go
@@ -21,16 +21,10 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdSuspend(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "suspend",
 		Short: "suspend a service",
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runSuspend(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -68,26 +62,24 @@ func runSuspendInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runSuspendNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
+		opts.id = service.ID
 	}
 
-	if err := checkParams(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
 	}
 
-	// if name is set, get service id by name
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
-		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.id = service.ID
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	// to show friendly message
@@ -116,15 +108,3 @@ func runSuspendNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func checkParams(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--env-id is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/service/update/tag/tag.go b/internal/cmd/service/update/tag/tag.go
index 97f3727..043f201 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/service/update/tag/tag.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/service/update/tag/tag.go
@@ -24,16 +24,10 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdTag(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "tag",
 		Short: "Update image tag of a prebuilt service",
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runUpdate(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -83,26 +77,28 @@ func runInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		projectID := f.Config.GetContext().GetProject().GetID()
-		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentID(f.ApiClient, projectID)
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.environmentID = envID
+		opts.id = service.ID
 	}
 
-	if err := checkParams(opts); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
 	}
 
-	// if name is set, get service id by name
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
-		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		opts.id = service.ID
+		opts.environmentID = envID
+	}
+
+	if opts.tag == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--tag is required")
 	}
 
 	idOrName := opts.name
@@ -128,19 +124,3 @@ func runNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func checkParams(opts *Options) error {
-	if opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.environmentID == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--env-id is required")
-	}
-
-	if opts.tag == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--tag is required")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/template/deploy/deploy.go b/internal/cmd/template/deploy/deploy.go
index f9b8720..d928be9 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/template/deploy/deploy.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/template/deploy/deploy.go
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 type Options struct {
 	file           string
 	projectID      string
+	region         string
 	skipValidation bool
 	vars           map[string]string
 }
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ func NewCmdDeploy(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.file, "file", "f", "", "Template file")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.projectID, "project-id", "", "Project ID to deploy on")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.region, "region", "r", "", "Region to create a new project in (e.g. tpe0, sfo0)")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.skipValidation, "skip-validation", false, "Skip template validation")
 	cmd.Flags().StringToStringVar(&opts.vars, "var", nil, "Template variables (e.g. --var KEY=value)")
 
@@ -88,7 +90,14 @@ func runDeploy(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ProjectCreatePreferred(&opts.projectID); err != nil {
+	if opts.region != "" && opts.projectID == "" {
+		project, err := f.ApiClient.CreateProject(context.Background(), opts.region, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create project in region %s: %w", opts.region, err)
+		}
+		opts.projectID = project.ID
+		f.Log.Infof("Created project %q in region %s.", project.ID, opts.region)
+	} else if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ProjectCreatePreferred(&opts.projectID); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
diff --git a/internal/cmd/upload/upload.go b/internal/cmd/upload/upload.go
index 2378d75..4614ebe 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/upload/upload.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/upload/upload.go
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ func NewCmdUpload(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "upload",
 		Short:   "Upload local project to Zeabur",
-		PreRunE: util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runUpload(f, opts)
 		},
diff --git a/internal/cmd/variable/create/create.go b/internal/cmd/variable/create/create.go
index 3956d9c..a72439c 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/variable/create/create.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/variable/create/create.go
@@ -23,17 +23,11 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdCreateVariable(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "create",
 		Short: "create variable(s)",
 		Long:  `Create variable(s) for a service`,
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runCreateVariable(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -92,16 +86,24 @@ func runCreateVariableInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runCreateVariableNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
 
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	s := spinner.New(cmdutil.SpinnerCharSet, cmdutil.SpinnerInterval,
diff --git a/internal/cmd/variable/delete/delete.go b/internal/cmd/variable/delete/delete.go
index 7cc04a1..708c2af 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/variable/delete/delete.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/variable/delete/delete.go
@@ -23,18 +23,12 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdDeleteVariable(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "delete",
 		Short:   "delete variable(s)",
 		Long:    `delete variable(s) for a service`,
 		Aliases: []string{"del"},
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runDeleteVariable(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -111,16 +105,24 @@ func runDeleteVariableInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runDeleteVariableNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
 
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	for _, v := range opts.deleteKeys {
diff --git a/internal/cmd/variable/env/env.go b/internal/cmd/variable/env/env.go
index 97b0480..5084d67 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/variable/env/env.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/variable/env/env.go
@@ -22,17 +22,11 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdEnvVariable(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "env",
 		Short: "update variables from .env",
 		Long:  "overwrite variables from a .env file",
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runUpdateVariableByEnv(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -54,20 +48,41 @@ func runUpdateVariableByEnv(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("file cannot open: %s (%w)", opts.envFilename, err)
 	}
 
+	if f.Interactive && opts.id == "" && opts.name == "" {
+		zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+		if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
+			ProjectCtx:    zctx,
+			ServiceID:     &opts.id,
+			ServiceName:   &opts.name,
+			EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
+			CreateNew:     false,
+		}); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
 	return runUpdateVariableNonInteractive(f, opts)
 }
 
 func runUpdateVariableNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
-
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
+
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	s := spinner.New(cmdutil.SpinnerCharSet, cmdutil.SpinnerInterval,
diff --git a/internal/cmd/variable/list/list.go b/internal/cmd/variable/list/list.go
index d5e4944..6f90c83 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/variable/list/list.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/variable/list/list.go
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdListVariables(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "list",
@@ -27,11 +26,6 @@ func NewCmdListVariables(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 		Long:    `List environment variables of a service`,
 		Args:    cobra.NoArgs,
 		Aliases: []string{"ls"},
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runListVariables(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -68,21 +62,29 @@ func runListVariablesInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runListVariablesNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
 
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	s := spinner.New(cmdutil.SpinnerCharSet, cmdutil.SpinnerInterval,
 		spinner.WithColor(cmdutil.SpinnerColor),
-		spinner.WithSuffix(fmt.Sprintf(" Fetching environment variablesof service %s ...", opts.name)),
+		spinner.WithSuffix(fmt.Sprintf(" Fetching environment variables of service %s ...", opts.name)),
 	)
 	s.Start()
 	variableList, readonlyVariableList, err := f.ApiClient.ListVariables(context.Background(), opts.id, opts.environmentID)
diff --git a/internal/cmd/variable/update/update.go b/internal/cmd/variable/update/update.go
index 94c6589..c5fe442 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/variable/update/update.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/variable/update/update.go
@@ -22,17 +22,11 @@ type Options struct {
 
 func NewCmdUpdateVariable(f *cmdutil.Factory) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := &Options{}
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "update",
 		Short: "update variable(s)",
 		Long:  `update variable(s) for a service`,
-		PreRunE: util.RunEChain(
-			util.NeedProjectContextWhenNonInteractive(f),
-			util.DefaultIDNameByContext(zctx.GetService(), &opts.id, &opts.name),
-			util.DefaultIDByContext(zctx.GetEnvironment(), &opts.environmentID),
-		),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			return runUpdateVariable(f, opts)
 		},
@@ -113,16 +107,24 @@ func runUpdateVariableInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
 }
 
 func runUpdateVariableNonInteractive(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *Options) error {
-	zctx := f.Config.GetContext()
+	if opts.id == "" && opts.name != "" {
+		service, err := util.GetServiceByName(f.Config, f.ApiClient, opts.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.id = service.ID
+	}
 
-	if _, err := f.ParamFiller.ServiceByNameWithEnvironment(fill.ServiceByNameWithEnvironmentOptions{
-		ProjectCtx:    zctx,
-		ServiceID:     &opts.id,
-		ServiceName:   &opts.name,
-		EnvironmentID: &opts.environmentID,
-		CreateNew:     false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if opts.id == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--id or --name is required")
+	}
+
+	if opts.environmentID == "" {
+		envID, err := util.ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(f.ApiClient, opts.id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		opts.environmentID = envID
 	}
 
 	s := spinner.New(cmdutil.SpinnerCharSet, cmdutil.SpinnerInterval,
diff --git a/internal/util/env.go b/internal/util/env.go
index 6c4e52b..964c02e 100644
--- a/internal/util/env.go
+++ b/internal/util/env.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func AddEnvOfServiceParam(cmd *cobra.Command, id *string) {
 // Every project has exactly one environment since environments are deprecated.
 func ResolveEnvironmentID(client api.Client, projectID string) (string, error) {
 	if projectID == "" {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("project ID is required to resolve environment ID; please set project context with `zeabur context set project`")
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("project ID is required to resolve environment ID")
 	}
 
 	environments, err := client.ListEnvironments(context.Background(), projectID)
@@ -36,3 +36,16 @@ func ResolveEnvironmentID(client api.Client, projectID string) (string, error) {
 
 	return environments[0].ID, nil
 }
+
+// ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID fetches the service, finds its project,
+// and resolves the environment ID from that project.
+func ResolveEnvironmentIDByServiceID(client api.Client, serviceID string) (string, error) {
+	service, err := client.GetService(context.Background(), serviceID, "", "", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("get service failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if service.Project == nil || service.Project.ID == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("service has no associated project")
+	}
+	return ResolveEnvironmentID(client, service.Project.ID)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/api/interface.go b/pkg/api/interface.go
index 7529a2c..eacff24 100644
--- a/pkg/api/interface.go
+++ b/pkg/api/interface.go
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ type (
 		GetDNSName(ctx context.Context, serviceID string) (string, error)
 		UpdateImageTag(ctx context.Context, serviceID string, environmentID string, tag string) error
 		DeleteService(ctx context.Context, id string, environmentID string) error
+		ExecuteCommand(ctx context.Context, serviceID string, environmentID string, command []string) (*model.CommandResult, error)
 	}
 
 	VariableAPI interface {
diff --git a/pkg/api/service.go b/pkg/api/service.go
index 8e23dc8..244538b 100644
--- a/pkg/api/service.go
+++ b/pkg/api/service.go
@@ -530,3 +530,20 @@ func (c *client) DeleteService(ctx context.Context, id string, environmentID str
 
 	return err
 }
+
+func (c *client) ExecuteCommand(ctx context.Context, serviceID string, environmentID string, command []string) (*model.CommandResult, error) {
+	var mutation struct {
+		ExecuteCommand model.CommandResult `graphql:"executeCommand(serviceID: $serviceID, environmentID: $environmentID, command: $command)"`
+	}
+
+	err := c.Mutate(ctx, &mutation, V{
+		"serviceID":     ObjectID(serviceID),
+		"environmentID": ObjectID(environmentID),
+		"command":       command,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &mutation.ExecuteCommand, nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/model/command.go b/pkg/model/command.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f55f58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/model/command.go
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package model
+
+// CommandResult represents the result of a command execution.
+type CommandResult struct {
+	ExitCode int    `graphql:"exitCode"`
+	Output   string `graphql:"output"`
+}