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feat(capture): add capture_mode config scaffolding (capture v1, 1/6)#701

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capture-v1/01-config
Jul 6, 2026
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feat(capture): add capture_mode config scaffolding (capture v1, 1/6)#701
eli-r-ph merged 4 commits into
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capture-v1/01-config

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@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph commented Jun 27, 2026

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💡 Motivation and Context

First PR in a stacked series adding Capture V1 (POST /i/v1/analytics/events) support to the SDK, at parity with posthog-go's CaptureMode and posthog-rs's capture-v1.

This PR is pure, inert scaffolding: it adds the capture-mode selector and threads it everywhere it will be needed, but changes no runtime behavior — V0 (legacy /batch/) still runs on every path. Later PRs add the v1 serializer, transport, wiring, harness suite, and docs.

  • New CaptureMode enum: V0 (legacy /batch/, the default) and V1 (/i/v1/analytics/events).
  • Internal _resolve_capture_mode() (not public API) with precedence explicit kwarg > POSTHOG_CAPTURE_MODE env > V0. Only CaptureMode and CAPTURE_MODE_ENV_VAR are exported from posthog.capture_mode.
  • Plumbed through Client.__init__ (resolved + stored as self.capture_mode), both Consumer(...) constructions (initial + fork-reinit), and the module-level default client. Consumer stores it but does not yet act on it.

💚 How did you test it?

  • New posthog/test/test_capture_mode.py (25 cases): resolution precedence, env aliases/case/whitespace, blank-env default, unrecognized-env warn+default, invalid-kwarg raises, and plumbing to Client.capture_mode + per-Consumer propagation (incl. multi-thread).
  • Regression: ran test_consumer, test_client, test_module, test_client_fork, test_dedicated_ai_endpoint + the new file — 213 passed.
  • ruff format/ruff check clean; mypy clean on new modules; regenerated references/public_api_snapshot.txt.

📝 Checklist

  • I reviewed the submitted code.
  • I added tests to verify the changes.
  • I updated the docs if needed.
  • No breaking change (additive, default V0 keeps upgrades transparent).

🤖 Agent context

Autonomy: Human-driven (agent-assisted)

Authored with Cursor (Claude Opus 4.8) following a pre-agreed, hardened implementation plan. Design decisions: enum members are Pythonic V0/V1 (not posthog-go's Legacy/AnalyticsV1) but the env var accepts both spellings for cross-SDK consistency; the env typo path defaults defensively while an explicit bad kwarg fails fast. Mode is fully inert here by design to keep this PR a no-op for existing users and easy to review. Changeset (sampo add) and docs are intentionally deferred to the final PR so the feature releases as one entry.

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Reviews (1): Last reviewed commit: "feat(capture): add capture_mode config s..." | Re-trigger Greptile

Comment thread posthog/test/test_capture_mode.py Outdated
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posthog-python Compliance Report

Date: 2026-07-06 21:22:58 UTC
Duration: 338286ms

✅ All Tests Passed!

111/111 tests passed


Capture_V1 Tests

94/94 tests passed

View Details
Test Status Duration
Endpoint And Method.Targets V1 Endpoint 517ms
Endpoint And Method.Does Not Use Legacy Endpoints 1008ms
Required Headers.Has Authorization Bearer Header 1008ms
Required Headers.Has Content Type Json 1008ms
Required Headers.Has Posthog Sdk Info Format 1008ms
Required Headers.Has Posthog Attempt Header 1008ms
Required Headers.Has Posthog Request Id 1009ms
Required Headers.Has Posthog Request Timestamp 1008ms
Required Headers.Has User Agent 1007ms
Body Format.Body Has Created At And Batch 1008ms
Body Format.No Api Key In Body 1008ms
Body Format.No Sent At In Body 1009ms
Event Format.Event Has Required Root Fields 1008ms
Event Format.Event Uuid Is Valid 1008ms
Event Format.Event Timestamp Is Rfc3339 1008ms
Event Format.Distinct Id Is String 1009ms
Event Format.Distinct Id At Root Not Properties 1008ms
Event Format.Custom Properties Preserved 1008ms
Event Format.Set Properties Preserved 1008ms
Event Format.Set Once Properties Preserved 1008ms
Event Format.Groups Properties Preserved 1008ms
Event Format.Sdk Generates Uuid If Not Provided 1008ms
Event Format.Event Has Required Root Fields Batch 1011ms
Event Format.Event Uuid Is Valid Batch 1011ms
Event Format.Event Timestamp Is Rfc3339 Batch 1012ms
Event Format.Distinct Id Is String Batch 1012ms
Event Format.Distinct Id At Root Not Properties Batch 1011ms
Event Format.Custom Properties Preserved Batch 1012ms
Event Format.Set Properties Preserved Batch 1012ms
Event Format.Set Once Properties Preserved Batch 1012ms
Event Format.Groups Properties Preserved Batch 1011ms
Event Format.Sdk Generates Uuid If Not Provided Batch 1011ms
Batch Behavior.Multiple Events In Single Batch 1507ms
Batch Behavior.Batch Envelope Smoke 1013ms
Batch Behavior.Flush With No Events Sends Nothing 1005ms
Batch Behavior.Flush At Triggers Batch 1507ms
Batch Behavior.Created At Reflects Batch Creation Time 1011ms
Deduplication.Generates Unique Uuids 1506ms
Deduplication.Different Events Same Content Different Uuids 1507ms
Deduplication.Preserves Uuid On Retry 7515ms
Deduplication.Preserves Timestamp On Retry 7511ms
Deduplication.Preserves Uuid And Timestamp On Batch Retry 7510ms
Deduplication.No Duplicate Events In Batch 1503ms
Header Behavior On Retry.Attempt Header Starts At One 1009ms
Header Behavior On Retry.Attempt Header Increments On Retry 14512ms
Header Behavior On Retry.Request Id Preserved On Retry 7013ms
Header Behavior On Retry.Different Requests Have Different Request Ids 3517ms
Header Behavior On Retry.Request Timestamp Changes On Retry 7514ms
Response Format Validation.Success Response Has Uuid Keyed Results 1005ms
Response Format Validation.Success Response Has Ok For Each Event 1505ms
Response Format Validation.Success No Retry After When All Ok 1507ms
Response Format Validation.Success Retry After Present When Retry Events 2509ms
Response Format Validation.Success No Retry After When Drop Only 1507ms
Response Format Validation.Response Echoes Request Id 1009ms
Retry Behavior.Retries On 408 7514ms
Retry Behavior.Retries On 500 7507ms
Retry Behavior.Retries On 503 9516ms
Retry Behavior.Retries On 504 7513ms
Retry Behavior.Retryable Errors Have Retry After 4508ms
Retry Behavior.Respects Retry After On Retryable Error 12512ms
Retry Behavior.Does Not Retry On 400 3507ms
Retry Behavior.Does Not Retry On 401 3507ms
Retry Behavior.Does Not Retry On 402 3506ms
Retry Behavior.Does Not Retry On 413 3508ms
Retry Behavior.Does Not Retry On 415 3506ms
Retry Behavior.Non Retryable Errors Have No Retry After 3507ms
Retry Behavior.Implements Backoff 23531ms
Retry Behavior.Max Retries Respected 23521ms
Partial Batch Handling.Handles 200 Full Success 3000ms
Partial Batch Handling.Handles 200 With All Ok 4508ms
Partial Batch Handling.Does Not Retry Dropped Events 4508ms
Partial Batch Handling.Does Not Retry Limited Events 4506ms
Partial Batch Handling.Prunes Ok Events On Partial Retry 7514ms
Partial Batch Handling.Prunes Dropped Events On Partial Retry 7511ms
Partial Batch Handling.Retries Only Retry Events From Partial 7507ms
Partial Batch Handling.Partial Retry Preserves Uuids 7511ms
Partial Batch Handling.Partial Retry Attempt Header Increments 7517ms
Partial Batch Handling.Partial Retry Request Id Preserved 7507ms
Partial Batch Handling.Respects Retry After On Partial 9515ms
Partial Batch Handling.Unknown Result Treated As Terminal 4503ms
Partial Batch Handling.Mixed Ok Drop Limited No Retry 4511ms
Compression.Sends Gzip Content Encoding 1006ms
Compression.No Content Encoding When Disabled 1008ms
Compression.Compressed Body Is Decompressible 1008ms
Error Handling.Does Not Retry On Unknown 4Xx 3508ms
Event Options.Cookieless Mode Override 1008ms
Event Options.Disable Skew Correction Override 1008ms
Event Options.Process Person Profile Override 1008ms
Event Options.Product Tour Id Override 1007ms
Event Options.Unset Options Omitted 1008ms
Event Options.Options Override In Batch 1012ms
Geoip And Historical Migration.Geoip Disable Injected Into Properties 1008ms
Geoip And Historical Migration.Historical Migration Set In Body 1008ms
Geoip And Historical Migration.Historical Migration Absent By Default 1008ms

Feature_Flags Tests

17/17 tests passed

View Details
Test Status Duration
Request Payload.Request With Person Properties Device Id 1005ms
Request Payload.Flags Request Uses V2 Query Param 1006ms
Request Payload.Flags Request Hits Flags Path Not Decide 1006ms
Request Payload.Flags Request Omits Authorization Header 1006ms
Request Payload.Token In Flags Body Matches Init 1006ms
Request Payload.Groups Round Trip 1006ms
Request Payload.Groups Default To Empty Object 1006ms
Request Payload.Disable Geoip False Propagates As Geoip Disable False 1006ms
Request Payload.Disable Geoip Omitted Defaults To False 1006ms
Request Payload.Flag Keys To Evaluate Contains Only Requested Key 1006ms
Request Lifecycle.No Flags Request On Init Alone 503ms
Request Lifecycle.No Flags Request On Normal Capture 1507ms
Request Lifecycle.Two Flag Calls Produce Two Remote Requests 1010ms
Request Lifecycle.Mock Response Value Is Returned To Caller 1002ms
Retry Behavior.Retries Flags On 502 1006ms
Retry Behavior.Retries Flags On 504 1006ms
Side Effect Events.Get Feature Flag Captures Feature Flag Called Event 1509ms

@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph force-pushed the capture-v1/01-config branch from 531fb62 to 33ebdfb Compare June 27, 2026 23:16
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph changed the base branch from main to sdk-harness-audit-20260627-posthog-python June 27, 2026 23:17
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph changed the base branch from sdk-harness-audit-20260627-posthog-python to main June 27, 2026 23:58
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph force-pushed the capture-v1/01-config branch 2 times, most recently from b508cf9 to b139d02 Compare June 28, 2026 00:20
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph self-assigned this Jun 28, 2026
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph requested a review from a team June 29, 2026 17:58
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph marked this pull request as ready for review June 29, 2026 17:59
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph requested a review from a team as a code owner June 29, 2026 17:59
@greptile-apps

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Reviews (2): Last reviewed commit: "test(capture): prove capture_mode kwarg ..." | Re-trigger Greptile

Comment thread posthog/capture_mode.py Outdated
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def resolve_capture_mode(

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Suggested change
def resolve_capture_mode(
def _resolve_capture_mode(

can we make this internal

eli-r-ph added 3 commits July 6, 2026 11:43
Introduce a CaptureMode enum (V0 legacy /batch/, V1 /i/v1/analytics/events)
and resolve_capture_mode() with precedence kwarg > POSTHOG_CAPTURE_MODE env >
V0. Plumb capture_mode through Client and Consumer (including fork-reinit and
the module-level default client). The mode is resolved and stored but inert in
this change: V0 still runs everywhere, so behavior is unchanged.

First of a stacked series adding Capture V1 support.
Set the env to the opposite mode in each precedence row so every case
actually exercises kwarg-over-env, and assert an invalid kwarg raises
even when a valid env value is present.
Rename resolve_capture_mode to _resolve_capture_mode and declare
__all__ so only CaptureMode and the env var name are public API.
The resolver is plumbing for Client.__init__, not a user entry point.
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph force-pushed the capture-v1/01-config branch from b139d02 to ce38a00 Compare July 6, 2026 19:49
* feat(capture): add v1 wire serialization transforms

Add posthog/capture_v1.py with the pure (no-I/O) transform layer for
/i/v1/analytics/events:

- to_v1_event(): lifts sentinel properties into the typed options object
  (with the $ignore_sent_at -> disable_skew_correction rename), promotes
  $session_id/$window_id to top-level fields, relocates top-level
  $set/$set_once into properties (v1 has no top-level form), and strips
  $lib/$lib_version (server injects them from PostHog-Sdk-Info). Options are
  coerced to native JSON types or omitted, since a wrong type would 400 the
  whole batch. Pure: the input message is not mutated.
- build_v1_batch_body(): the api_key/sent_at-free envelope with a tz-aware
  RFC3339 created_at.
- Shared constants: path, required header names, result codes, retryable/
  terminal status sets.

Stacked on the capture_mode scaffolding; still inert (nothing calls these yet).

* refactor(capture): store v1 option coercers as callables

Hold the coercer function directly in _OPTION_SENTINELS instead of a
stringly-typed name keyed through a side _COERCERS dict, removing a
KeyError foot-gun and tightening the types.

* refactor(capture): privatize v1 transform helpers

Underscore-prefix the wire constants and transform functions and declare
an empty __all__: the transforms are submitter plumbing, not public API.
The user-facing surface (CaptureMode etc.) is exported elsewhere.

* feat(capture): v1 transport + partial-retry send loop (capture v1, 3/6) (#703)

* feat(capture): add v1 transport and partial-retry send loop

Adds the HTTP transport for POST /i/v1/analytics/events alongside the
pure transforms: a single Bearer-authed attempt (post_v1) with the
required v1 headers, response classification (parse_v1_response), and the
send loop (send_v1_batch) that resends only the events the server tags
"retry", logs drops, honors Retry-After, and raises CaptureV1Error on
terminal/transport failure or retry exhaustion so the consumer's existing
on_error path fires unchanged.

429 is terminal in v1 (unlike v0). A 2xx with an unparseable body is
terminal to avoid an infinite resend loop. A stable PostHog-Request-Id and
created_at span attempts; PostHog-Attempt increments.

Factors a shared gzip_compress helper out of request.post (no v0 behavior
change). Still inert: nothing calls send_v1_batch until the consumer wiring
PR. 74 capture_v1 tests (47 transform + 27 transport); ruff/mypy clean.

* fix(capture): stabilize v1 created_at, isolate compression, quiet drops

Address review of the v1 transport:
- Hoist the batch created_at out of the retry loop so the envelope stays
  stable across attempts (only the events list and PostHog-Attempt change).
- Isolate v1 request compression behind a CaptureCompression selector
  supporting gzip and zlib-wrapped deflate (RFC 1950), reverting the
  gzip_compress extraction from request.py so the v1 path owns its codecs.
- Stop logging per-event drops at WARNING; a server-chosen drop on a 2xx
  is not a delivery failure and is already carried on CaptureV1Error for
  batch-level surfacing via on_error.

* fix(capture): surface v1 drops and treat Retry-After as a minimum

Address review of the v1 transport (#703):
- Accumulate server `drop` verdicts across all attempts and raise
  CaptureV1Error even on a 2xx with no retry events (a success status is not
  full delivery) and when a later attempt clears the retries, so on_error sees
  every dropped uuid. Drops also ride along on the retry-exhaustion,
  malformed-2xx, and terminal non-2xx errors.
- _backoff treats Retry-After as a minimum (max of configured backoff and
  Retry-After), hard-capped at 1 day, matching posthog-go/posthog-rs so a small
  header can't retry earlier than the schedule and a hostile one can't park the
  consumer thread.

Adds drop-surfacing and backoff tests; regenerates public_api_snapshot.

* fix(capture): unify v1 retry backoff ceiling at 30s

Replace the 1-day RETRY_BACKOFF_CAP_SECONDS with a single MAX_BACKOFF_SECONDS
(30s) that both caps the exponential backoff and clamps the server Retry-After,
so the max retry wait is bounded and the default matches posthog-go/posthog-rs.
Retry-After remains a minimum; there is no separate large cap.

* refactor(capture): privatize v1 transport and compression resolver

Underscore-prefix the transport layer (post_v1, parse_v1_response,
send_v1_batch, response dataclasses, backoff ceiling) and the
compression resolver; declare __all__ so the public surface is
CaptureCompression, its env var name, and CaptureV1Error (which reaches
user code via on_error callbacks). Re-export CaptureCompression at the
package top level for symmetry with CaptureMode.

* feat(capture): add optional zstd compression for capture v1

Add CaptureCompression.ZSTD backed by the optional zstandard package
(pip install posthog[zstd]); Python has no stdlib zstd until 3.14.
Explicitly requesting zstd without the package raises ValueError
(fail loud at construction); requesting it via
POSTHOG_CAPTURE_COMPRESSION warns and falls back so operator config
never silently breaks capture. The server already decodes
Content-Encoding: zstd standard frames.

* fix(capture): satisfy mypy on env compression resolution

Rename the env-var lookup binding so it is not confused with the
explicit-kwarg resolved value (CaptureCompression | None vs
CaptureCompression).

* fix(capture): avoid unused-ignore on optional zstandard import

Annotate the module binding explicitly so mypy stays clean whether or
not the zstandard package is installed in the dev environment.

* feat(capture): route analytics through v1 submitter (capture v1, 4/6) (#704)

* feat(capture): route analytics through v1 submitter when enabled

Wires send_v1_batch into both send paths so capture_mode actually takes
effect end to end. The consumer's async path (Consumer.request) and the
client's sync path (_enqueue) now pick the analytics submitter by
capture_mode: v1 -> the partial-retry send loop, v0 -> the legacy
batch_post. The dedicated AI endpoint has no v1 form, so $ai_* events on it
always use the legacy submitter regardless of capture_mode.

Refactors Consumer.request to route via _send_analytics/_send_ai helpers,
stores Client.max_retries so the sync path can pass it through, and forwards
gzip/timeout/retries/historical_migration to the v1 submitter. Default is
still v0, so existing callers are unaffected.

Adds consumer routing-matrix tests (v0/v1, dedicated-AI split, config
forwarding) and client sync-mode tests (v0 vs v1, dedicated-AI event stays
legacy, analytics event uses v1). ruff/mypy clean.

* feat(capture): wire capture_compression through client and consumer

Resolve capture_compression once on the client (kwarg > env >
legacy gzip flag > none) and thread it to the v1 submitter via the
consumer and the sync path. Parameterize the capture_mode routing
tests and use consistent submitter labels.

* chore(capture): test $ai_* rides v1 when dedicated AI endpoint disabled

* chore(capture): v1 compliance adapter + CI job (capture v1, 5/6) (#705)

* chore(capture): add v1 compliance adapter mode and CI job

Teaches the SDK compliance adapter to speak capture-v1 and adds a second
CI job that runs the harness capture_v1 suite against it.

Splits the workflow into v0 + v1 jobs, both on the 0.10.0 harness
(which carries the capture_v1 suites), and adds adapter timing/debug
settings for reliable test execution.

* chore(capture): document capture_mode + release changeset (capture v1, 6/6) (#706)

* docs(capture): document capture_mode, capture_compression, and changeset

Adds the Sampo changeset for the opt-in capture_mode (v1 ingestion
protocol) and capture_compression, plus an AGENTS.md section mapping
capture_mode/capture_compression and their env vars to the modules and
routing that implement them, the v1 invariants to preserve, and the
sync_mode blocking-retry behavior.

User-facing usage stays in the official docs per the README convention.

* docs(capture): note v1 drop surfacing and Retry-After minimum

Document the two parity behaviors added to the v1 transport: server `drop`
verdicts are accumulated across attempts and surfaced via CaptureV1Error/
on_error even on a 2xx, and Retry-After acts as a minimum (max of configured
backoff and Retry-After, hard-capped) rather than a replacement.

* docs(capture): note the unified 30s retry backoff ceiling

MAX_BACKOFF_SECONDS (30s) caps both the exponential backoff and the
Retry-After clamp; update the v1 invariants note accordingly.

* docs(capture): document zstd compression and private helper names
Comment thread posthog/capture_v1.py Dismissed
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph merged commit d459b57 into main Jul 6, 2026
37 checks passed
@eli-r-ph eli-r-ph deleted the capture-v1/01-config branch July 6, 2026 21:40
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