[PM-28555] Create idempotent sproc for creating a My Items collection

[eliykat]

🎟️ Tracking

https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-28555

📔 Objective

A user must only have a single My Items collection, however this is not enforced by db constraints, so it's particularly important that we enforce it at the time of creation. This implements a specific database method to create a My Items collection for a user, ensuring that:

• the Collection and CollectionUser entries are always created properly per business rules (rather than relying on the caller)
• duplicate collections are not created, because the db checks for it within the same transaction (TOCTOU)

The database changes required some trial-and-error to get a proper lock on the rows (using the SERIALIZABLE option) and to gracefully handle deadlocks. In particular, this required changes to system-wide EF configuration, so dbops please take a close look at this and let me know if there is a better / preferred way to achieve this.

📸 Screenshots

⏰ Reminders before review

• Contributor guidelines followed
• All formatters and local linters executed and passed
• Written new unit and / or integration tests where applicable
• Protected functional changes with optionality (feature flags)
• Used internationalization (i18n) for all UI strings
• CI builds passed
• Communicated to DevOps any deployment requirements
• Updated any necessary documentation (Confluence, contributing docs) or informed the documentation team

🦮 Reviewer guidelines

• 👍 (:+1:) or similar for great changes
• 📝 (:memo:) or ℹ️ (:information_source:) for notes or general info
• ❓ (:question:) for questions
• 🤔 (:thinking:) or 💭 (:thought_balloon:) for more open inquiry that's not quite a confirmed issue and could potentially benefit from discussion
• 🎨 (:art:) for suggestions / improvements
• ❌ (:x:) or ⚠️ (:warning:) for more significant problems or concerns needing attention
• 🌱 (:seedling:) or ♻️ (:recycle:) for future improvements or indications of technical debt
• ⛏ (:pick:) for minor or nitpick changes

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 64.03509% with 41 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 53.40%. Comparing base (ee26a70) to head (1c03ef1).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...ucture.Dapper/Repositories/CollectionRepository.cs	0.00%	19 Missing ⚠️
...work/EntityFrameworkServiceCollectionExtensions.cs	6.66%	14 Missing ⚠️
...tityFramework/Repositories/CollectionRepository.cs	88.88%	7 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #6677      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   53.39%   53.40%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files        1911     1911              
  Lines       85190    85274      +84     
  Branches     7642     7645       +3     
==========================================
+ Hits        45483    45539      +56     
- Misses      37956    37983      +27     
- Partials     1751     1752       +1     

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[github-actions]

Checkmarx One – Scan Summary & Details – a96d2ee2-0d02-4101-aed0-5e926273f4da

Fixed Issues (2)

Great job! The following issues were fixed in this Pull Request

Severity	Issue	Source File / Package
	CSRF	/src/Api/Controllers/CollectionsController.cs: 176
	CSRF	/src/Api/Controllers/CollectionsController.cs: 208

[eliykat]

@bitwarden/dept-dbops Can you please review my approach to locks/concurrency here and let me know if I'm on the right path? See the PR description for more info. My current approach has my tests working, but has broken every other instance where we're manually creating an EF transaction. I can fix those by explicitly using a strategy, but better to get some feedback before I spend more time on it.

[claude]

Claude finished @eliykat's task —— View job

---

Code Review Complete

I've completed a comprehensive review of this PR. The core concurrency approach is sound, but there are critical issues that need to be addressed before merging.

---

Executive Summary

The idempotent stored procedure with SERIALIZABLE isolation is the right approach for preventing duplicate "My Items" collections. However, the implementation has:

• 2 critical bugs that will cause runtime failures
• 1 critical architectural concern about global EF configuration changes
• Several important improvements needed for robustness

---

Critical Issues (Must Fix)

1. Missing @CollectionId Parameter in Dapper Implementation ❌

File: src/Infrastructure.Dapper/Repositories/CollectionRepository.cs:370

The Dapper implementation generates a collectionId but never passes it to the stored procedure:

var collectionId = CoreHelpers.GenerateComb();  // Generated but NOT used!
var parameters = new DynamicParameters();
// Missing: parameters.Add("@CollectionId", collectionId);

The stored procedure expects @CollectionId as a required parameter, so this will cause INSERT failures.

Fix:

parameters.Add("@CollectionId", collectionId);
parameters.Add("@OrganizationId", organizationId);
// ... rest of parameters

---

2. EnableRetryOnFailure Breaking Change ❌

File: src/Infrastructure.EntityFramework/EntityFrameworkServiceCollectionExtensions.cs:46-79

The Problem:

You've added EnableRetryOnFailure() to ALL database configurations (SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MySQL). This is a global change that fundamentally breaks existing code patterns.

When EnableRetryOnFailure is enabled, EF does not allow manual transaction creation with BeginTransactionAsync() unless you use an execution strategy. This throws:

InvalidOperationException: The configured execution strategy 'SqlServerRetryingExecutionStrategy' 
does not support user initiated transactions.

Evidence this breaks existing code:

Several files in the codebase use BeginTransactionAsync() without execution strategies:

• Infrastructure.EntityFramework/Repositories/OrganizationRepository.cs (multiple places)
• Infrastructure.EntityFramework/Repositories/CipherRepository.cs
• Infrastructure.Dapper/Repositories/CollectionRepository.cs:340 (your own code!)

Your concern was valid! You mentioned this "broke every other instance where we're manually creating an EF transaction" - that's exactly what's happening.

Two Solutions:

Option A (Recommended): Remove global EnableRetryOnFailure and only use execution strategy where needed:

// In EntityFrameworkServiceCollectionExtensions.cs - REMOVE EnableRetryOnFailure
options.UseSqlServer(connectionString, b =>
{
    // b.EnableRetryOnFailure();  // REMOVE THIS
});

// Keep your execution strategy approach in CollectionRepository.UpsertDefaultCollectionAsync
// This is the only place that needs retry logic for this feature

Option B: Audit and fix ALL existing BeginTransactionAsync calls (likely 10+ locations) to use execution strategies:

var strategy = dbContext.Database.CreateExecutionStrategy();
return await strategy.ExecuteAsync(async () =>
{
    using var transaction = await dbContext.Database.BeginTransactionAsync();
    // ... transaction work
});

My Recommendation: Go with Option A. The global retry strategy is overkill for this specific use case and creates unnecessary breaking changes throughout the codebase.

---

Important Issues (Should Fix)

3. DbContext Lifecycle Issue in EF Implementation ⚠️

File: src/Infrastructure.EntityFramework/Repositories/CollectionRepository.cs:824-899

The dbContext is created outside the ExecuteAsync block:

using var scope = ServiceScopeFactory.CreateScope();
var dbContext = GetDatabaseContext(scope);  // Outside ExecuteAsync
var strategy = dbContext.Database.CreateExecutionStrategy();

return await strategy.ExecuteAsync(async () =>
{
    // Uses same dbContext on retry - could be in corrupted state

If EF retries after a deadlock, it reuses the same DbContext instance, which may be in a corrupted state.

Fix: Move scope and context creation inside ExecuteAsync:

public async Task<bool> UpsertDefaultCollectionAsync(Guid organizationId, Guid organizationUserId, string defaultCollectionName)
{
    // Get execution strategy first
    using var tempScope = ServiceScopeFactory.CreateScope();
    var strategy = GetDatabaseContext(tempScope).Database.CreateExecutionStrategy();

    return await strategy.ExecuteAsync(async () =>
    {
        // Fresh scope and context for each execution (including retries)
        using var scope = ServiceScopeFactory.CreateScope();
        var dbContext = GetDatabaseContext(scope);
        
        using var transaction = await dbContext.Database.BeginTransactionAsync(System.Data.IsolationLevel.Serializable);
        // ... rest of implementation
    });
}

---

4. Test Coverage Gaps 📋

File: test/Infrastructure.IntegrationTest/AdminConsole/Repositories/CollectionRepository/UpsertDefaultCollectionTests.cs

Your concurrent test (lines 82-109) is excellent ✓, but you're missing:

1. Different users in same organization - verify isolation between users
2. Same user in different organizations - verify separate "My Items" per org
3. Permission verification - The test that verified Manage=true, ReadOnly=false, HidePasswords=false appears to have been present in earlier iterations but was removed
4. Negative tests - invalid IDs, null collection name

Recommended additions:

[Theory, DatabaseData]
public async Task UpsertDefaultCollectionAsync_ShouldCreateSeparateCollections_ForDifferentUsersInSameOrganization(
    IOrganizationRepository organizationRepository,
    IUserRepository userRepository,
    IOrganizationUserRepository organizationUserRepository,
    ICollectionRepository collectionRepository)
{
    var organization = await organizationRepository.CreateTestOrganizationAsync();
    var user1 = await userRepository.CreateTestUserAsync();
    var user2 = await userRepository.CreateTestUserAsync();
    var orgUser1 = await organizationUserRepository.CreateTestOrganizationUserAsync(organization, user1);
    var orgUser2 = await organizationUserRepository.CreateTestOrganizationUserAsync(organization, user2);
    
    // Both should create successfully
    var created1 = await collectionRepository.UpsertDefaultCollectionAsync(organization.Id, orgUser1.Id, "My Items");
    var created2 = await collectionRepository.UpsertDefaultCollectionAsync(organization.Id, orgUser2.Id, "My Items");
    
    Assert.True(created1);
    Assert.True(created2);
    
    // Verify each user has their own collection
    var user1Collections = await collectionRepository.GetManyByUserIdAsync(user1.Id);
    var user2Collections = await collectionRepository.GetManyByUserIdAsync(user2.Id);
    
    Assert.Single(user1Collections.Where(c => c.Type == CollectionType.DefaultUserCollection));
    Assert.Single(user2Collections.Where(c => c.Type == CollectionType.DefaultUserCollection));
}

---

Concurrency Approach Review ✓

Your specific question: "Can you please review my approach to locks/concurrency here?"

Stored Procedure Approach ✓ Correct

The SERIALIZABLE isolation level in the stored procedure is correct for preventing TOCTOU race conditions:

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE;  -- ✓ GOOD
BEGIN TRANSACTION;

SELECT @ExistingCollectionId = c.Id
FROM [dbo].[Collection] c
INNER JOIN [dbo].[CollectionUser] cu ON cu.CollectionId = c.Id
WHERE cu.OrganizationUserId = @OrganizationUserId
    AND c.OrganizationId = @OrganizationId
    AND c.Type = 1;

This acquires range locks that prevent:

• Concurrent INSERTs that would match the WHERE clause (phantom reads)
• Race conditions between check-and-insert
• Duplicate collections being created

Deadlock Risk Mitigation ✓ Appropriate

Yes, SERIALIZABLE increases deadlock risk. Your mitigation strategy (EF execution strategy with automatic retry) is appropriate for SQL Server error 1205 (deadlock victim).

However: The stored procedure manages its own transaction, which is fine for standalone calls but could cause issues if ever called within an existing transaction context. Document this limitation.

EF Implementation Pattern ✓ Mostly Correct

var strategy = dbContext.Database.CreateExecutionStrategy();
return await strategy.ExecuteAsync(async () =>
{
    using var transaction = await dbContext.Database.BeginTransactionAsync(System.Data.IsolationLevel.Serializable);
    // ...
});

This pattern is correct! The transaction is created inside the execution strategy, allowing EF to retry the entire transaction on deadlock.

Minor refinement needed: Move the DbContext creation inside ExecuteAsync as well (see issue #3 above).

---

Minor Issues

5. Input Validation Missing

Add defensive validation in both implementations:

public async Task<bool> UpsertDefaultCollectionAsync(Guid organizationId, Guid organizationUserId, string defaultCollectionName)
{
    if (organizationId == Guid.Empty) throw new ArgumentException(nameof(organizationId));
    if (organizationUserId == Guid.Empty) throw new ArgumentException(nameof(organizationUserId));
    if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(defaultCollectionName)) throw new ArgumentException(nameof(defaultCollectionName));
    // ...
}

---

6. Hard-Coded Enum Value in SQL

File: src/Sql/dbo/Stored Procedures/Collection_UpsertDefaultCollection.sql:30

AND c.Type = 1;  -- Already has comment at top, but add inline too

Consider adding inline comment:

AND c.Type = 1  -- CollectionType.DefaultUserCollection

---

Security Review ✓ Pass

✅ Zero-Knowledge Principle: No violations - collection names are encrypted client-side
✅ SQL Injection: All parameters properly parameterized
✅ Logging: No sensitive data logged
✅ Transaction Integrity: Proper rollback on errors

---

Recommendations Summary

Must Fix Before Merge:

1. Add missing @CollectionId parameter in Dapper implementation
2. Resolve the EnableRetryOnFailure global configuration issue (recommend Option A: remove it globally)

Should Fix:

3. Move DbContext creation inside ExecuteAsync
4. Add test coverage for user isolation and multi-org scenarios
5. Restore permission verification tests

Nice to Have:

6. Add input validation
7. Add inline comment for enum value in SQL

---

Overall Assessment

Core Design: ✅ Sound approach
Concurrency Strategy: ✅ Correct use of SERIALIZABLE isolation
Implementation Quality: ⚠️ Has critical bugs that need fixing
Test Coverage: ⚠️ Good for concurrency, gaps in other scenarios

The fundamental architecture is solid, but the implementation needs refinement before merging. The global EF configuration change is the biggest concern as it has ripple effects throughout the codebase.

[eliykat]

@claude I disagree with "1. Missing @CollectionId Parameter in Dapper Implementation" - double check that you've read this correctly.

[claude]

Claude finished @eliykat's task —— View job

---

Re-verification Complete

You are absolutely correct - I apologize for the error in my review.

Corrected Finding

Issue #1 - Missing @CollectionId Parameter: ❌ INCORRECT

I was wrong about this. Looking at src/Infrastructure.Dapper/Repositories/CollectionRepository.cs:373, the code does properly add the @CollectionId parameter:

var collectionId = CoreHelpers.GenerateComb();
var now = DateTime.UtcNow;
var parameters = new DynamicParameters();
parameters.Add("@CollectionId", collectionId);  // ✓ THIS IS PRESENT
parameters.Add("@OrganizationId", organizationId);
parameters.Add("@OrganizationUserId", organizationUserId);
// ... rest of parameters

I must have misread the code during my initial review. This implementation is correct.

---

Updated Critical Issues (Must Fix)

With issue #1 removed, there is now only one critical issue:

1. EnableRetryOnFailure Breaking Change ❌

File: src/Infrastructure.EntityFramework/EntityFrameworkServiceCollectionExtensions.cs:46-79

You've added EnableRetryOnFailure() to ALL database configurations globally. This breaks existing code that uses BeginTransactionAsync() without execution strategies.

The Problem:

When EnableRetryOnFailure is enabled, EF throws:

InvalidOperationException: The configured execution strategy 'SqlServerRetryingExecutionStrategy' 
does not support user initiated transactions.

Evidence from your own comment: You mentioned this "broke every other instance where we're manually creating an EF transaction" - that's exactly what happens.

Recommendation: Remove global EnableRetryOnFailure and only use execution strategy where needed (your UpsertDefaultCollectionAsync implementation):

// In EntityFrameworkServiceCollectionExtensions.cs - REMOVE EnableRetryOnFailure
options.UseSqlServer(connectionString, b =>
{
    // b.EnableRetryOnFailure();  // REMOVE THIS
});

// Your execution strategy approach in CollectionRepository.UpsertDefaultCollectionAsync is correct
// Keep it as-is - it's the only place that needs retry logic for this feature

---

Remaining Review Items

All other items from my original review remain valid:

Important Issues (Should Fix):

• Issue Password Requirements Validation #2: DbContext lifecycle in EF implementation should move scope creation inside ExecuteAsync
• Issue .NET Core Runtime #3: Test coverage gaps for user isolation and multi-org scenarios

Minor Issues:

• Issue Licence #4: Input validation missing
• Issue Email 2-step Authentification #5: Consider inline comment for hard-coded enum value in SQL

Positive Findings:

• ✅ Concurrency approach with SERIALIZABLE isolation is correct
• ✅ Stored procedure design is sound
• ✅ Security review passes
• ✅ Deadlock mitigation strategy is appropriate

---

Apology

I apologize for the incorrect finding about the missing parameter. Thank you for pushing back and asking me to double-check. The Dapper implementation is correct on this point.

The main remaining concern is the global EnableRetryOnFailure configuration change and its breaking impact on existing transaction code throughout the codebase.

---

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