LaraGraph

Stateful, graph-based workflow engine for Laravel.
Build multi-step agent pipelines, human-in-the-loop processes, and parallel fan-out/fan-in tasks — all backed by your database and queue.

_{Inspired by LangGraph}

Installation
Core Concepts
Building a Workflow
Running a Workflow
State
- Reducers
- Custom Reducer
Human-in-the-Loop
Node Contracts
Built-in Nodes
- GateNode
- SendNode
- BarrierNode
- HttpNode
- DelayNode
- CacheNode
- NotifyNode
Prism Integration
Laravel AI Integration
Sub-graph Workflows
Recursion Limit
Events
Configuration
Testing

Installation

composer require cainy/laragraph

Publish and run the migration:

php artisan vendor:publish --tag="laragraph-migrations"
php artisan migrate

Publish the config file:

php artisan vendor:publish --tag="laragraph-config"

Core Concepts

LaraGraph models a workflow as a directed graph of nodes connected by edges. Each run of that graph is a WorkflowRun — a database record that tracks the current state, status, and active node pointers.

Term	Meaning
Node	A unit of work. Receives the current state, returns a mutation.
Edge	A directed connection between two nodes, optionally conditional.
State	A plain PHP array that accumulates mutations as nodes execute.
Pointer	Tracks which nodes are currently in-flight for a run.
WorkflowRun	The persisted record for a single execution of a workflow.

Execution is fully queue-driven. Each node runs as an independent ExecuteNode job, so parallel branches execute concurrently across your worker pool.

Building a Workflow

Workflows are classes that extend Workflow and define their graph in a definition() method:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Builder\Workflow;

class MyPipeline extends Workflow
{
    public function definition(): void
    {
        $this->addNode('fetch',     FetchNode::class)
             ->addNode('transform', TransformNode::class)
             ->addNode('store',     StoreNode::class)
             ->transition(Workflow::START, 'fetch')
             ->transition('fetch',     'transform')
             ->transition('transform', 'store')
             ->transition('store',     Workflow::END);
    }
}

You can also call compile() directly on a Workflow instance if you prefer building inline, but the class-based approach is recommended since workflows are stored by class name.

Nodes

A node is any class implementing Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\Node:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\Node;
use Cainy\Laragraph\Engine\NodeExecutionContext;

class SummarizeNode implements Node
{
    public function handle(NodeExecutionContext $context, array $state): array
    {
        $text = implode("\n", $state['paragraphs'] ?? []);

        return ['summary' => substr($text, 0, 200)];
    }
}

handle() receives a typed NodeExecutionContext and the current full state. It returns an array of mutations — only the keys you want to change.

NodeExecutionContext

$context->runId            // int    — ID of the WorkflowRun
$context->workflowKey      // string — class name of the workflow
$context->nodeName         // string — name of this node in the graph
$context->attempt          // int    — current queue attempt (1-based)
$context->maxAttempts      // int    — maximum attempts configured
$context->createdAt        // DateTimeImmutable
$context->isolatedPayload  // ?array — payload injected by a Send (see Dynamic Fan-out)
$context->parentRunId      // ?int   — set when this run was dispatched as a child workflow
$context->parentNodeName   // ?string — the sub-graph node name on the parent
$context->routing          // array — read-only engine routing snapshot (counters, interrupt marker, etc.)

// Helpers:
$context->isSendExecution()        // bool   — true when dispatched via a Send
$context->payload('key', $default) // mixed  — read a value from the isolated payload
$context->parentMetadata()         // ?array — lazy-loads the parent run's metadata (null at top-level)

User state vs engine state: $state only contains keys your nodes write. Engine bookkeeping (spawn counters, interrupt markers, gate reasons, child-run ids, error summaries) lives on a separate workflow_runs.routing column and is never merged into $state. Read it via $context->routing when you need it.

Transitions

$this->transition(Workflow::START, 'fetch')
     ->transition('fetch', 'transform')
     ->transition('transform', Workflow::END);

Workflow::START and Workflow::END are reserved entry and exit pseudo-nodes.

Nodes can be registered as class strings (resolved via the container) or as pre-built instances.

Conditional Edges

Pass a Closure as the third argument to ->transition():

->transition('classify', 'approve', fn(array $state) => $state['score'] > 50)
->transition('classify', 'reject',  fn(array $state) => $state['score'] <= 50)

Branch Edges

A branch edge uses a resolver to return one or more target node names dynamically at runtime:

->branch('router', function(array $state): string {
    return $state['approved'] ? 'publish' : 'revise';
}, targets: ['publish', 'revise'])

The targets array is optional but recommended — it enables graph visualization without executing the resolver.

Parallel Branches

To execute multiple nodes in parallel from a single node, add multiple transitions from the same source:

$this->addNode('split',    SplitNode::class)
     ->addNode('branch-a', BranchANode::class)
     ->addNode('branch-b', BranchBNode::class)
     ->addNode('merge',    MergeNode::class)
     ->transition(Workflow::START, 'split')
     ->transition('split', 'branch-a')
     ->transition('split', 'branch-b')
     ->transition('branch-a', 'merge')
     ->transition('branch-b', 'merge')
     ->transition('merge', Workflow::END);

branch-a and branch-b run as independent queue jobs. Use a BarrierNode as the merge node to wait for all branches before continuing.

Dynamic Fan-out with Send

To fan out over a dynamic list, return Send objects from a branch edge resolver:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Routing\Send;

->branch('planner', function(array $state): array {
    return array_map(
        fn(string $query) => new Send('worker', ['query' => $query]),
        $state['queries']
    );
}, targets: ['worker'])

Each Send dispatches an independent ExecuteNode job. The target node receives the payload via $context->isolatedPayload or the helper methods:

public function handle(NodeExecutionContext $context, array $state): array
{
    $query = $context->payload('query');
    // ...
}

The same fan-out is available via the SendNode prebuilt (see Built-in Nodes).

Fan-out Patterns

Three canonical shapes cover almost every real workflow:

1. One-shot fan-out → barrier. Single worker node per item, then a BarrierNode. Use for independent work with no per-item downstream steps.

->branch('split', fn($s) => array_map(fn($id) => new Send('worker', ['id' => $id]), $s['ids']), ['worker'])
->transition('worker', 'barrier')
->transition('barrier', 'aggregate')

2. Per-item pipeline → child workflow → barrier. When each item needs a multi-step pipeline (enrich → qualify → classify → draft), make the pipeline its own Workflow and dispatch it as a sub-graph via Send::toWorkflow(). The payload becomes the child's initial state (parent state is not leaked), and each Send spawns its own isolated child run.

class LeadPipeline extends Workflow
{
    public function definition(): void
    {
        $this->addNode('enrich',   EnrichNode::class)
             ->addNode('qualify',  QualifyNode::class)
             ->addNode('classify', ClassifyNode::class)
             ->transition(Workflow::START, 'enrich')
             ->transition('enrich',   'qualify')
             ->transition('qualify',  'classify')
             ->transition('classify', Workflow::END);
    }
}

class FanoutPipeline extends Workflow
{
    public function definition(): void
    {
        $this->addNode('per_lead', app(LeadPipeline::class))
             ->addNode('barrier',  new BarrierNode())
             ->branch(Workflow::START, fn($s) => collect($s['lead_ids'])->map(
                 fn($id) => Send::toWorkflow('per_lead', ['lead_id' => $id])
             )->all(), ['per_lead'])
             ->transition('per_lead', 'barrier')
             ->transition('barrier',  Workflow::END);
    }
}

Why a sub-workflow rather than chaining sibling nodes in the parent? Send payloads are per-job and don't propagate through subsequent static edges (enrich → qualify would see payload = null). Inside a child workflow the payload becomes state, so enrich writes to state and qualify sees it on the next hop — no payload-threading needed.

3. Parent supervises long-running children. Same shape as (2), but use cascadeFailure(false) on the child workflow when you want a map-reduce style aggregate where one child's failure shouldn't fail the whole run. See Sub-graph Workflows below.

Running a Workflow

Starting a Run

use Cainy\Laragraph\Facades\Laragraph;

$run = Laragraph::run(MyPipeline::class, initialState: [
    'input' => 'Hello, world!',
]);

echo $run->id;     // WorkflowRun ID
echo $run->status; // RunStatus::Running

Pass an optional metadata array as the third argument to attach correlation data that travels with the run without being visible to nodes:

$run = Laragraph::run(MyPipeline::class,
    initialState: ['input' => 'Hello'],
    metadata: ['trace_id' => $traceId, 'user_id' => $userId],
);

$run->metadata; // ['trace_id' => ..., 'user_id' => ...]

The run is created synchronously. Node jobs are dispatched to your queue immediately after.

Controlling a Run

// Pause a running workflow
Laragraph::pause($run->id);

// Resume a paused workflow, optionally merging additional state
Laragraph::resume($run->id, ['approved' => true]);

// Abort a workflow (sets status to Failed, clears all pointers)
Laragraph::abort($run->id);

Lifecycle Hooks

Override any of these methods on your Workflow subclass to react to run lifecycle events. Hook exceptions are swallowed and never affect engine state.

class MyPipeline extends Workflow
{
    public function definition(): void { /* ... */ }

    public function onStarting(WorkflowRun $run): void
    {
        Log::info("Run {$run->id} starting");
    }

    public function onCompleted(WorkflowRun $run): void
    {
        Cache::forget("pipeline:{$run->metadata['trace_id']}");
    }

    public function onFailed(WorkflowRun $run, Throwable $exception): void
    {
        report($exception);
    }
}

State

State is a plain PHP array that persists in the workflow_runs.state column. Every node receives the full current state and returns a mutation — a partial array of keys to update.

The reducer determines how mutations are merged into the existing state.

Reducers

LaraGraph ships with three reducers:

Class	Behaviour
`SmartReducer` (default)	List arrays are appended. Scalars and associative arrays are overwritten.
`MergeReducer`	Deep recursive merge for all keys.
`OverwriteReducer`	Shallow `array_merge` — always overwrites.

SmartReducer is the right default for most agent workflows: message histories accumulate naturally, while scalar values like status or score simply overwrite.

Custom Reducer

Implement StateReducerInterface and bind it in your service provider, or attach it to a specific workflow:

// Globally
$this->app->bind(StateReducerInterface::class, MyReducer::class);

// Per workflow
$this->withReducer(MyReducer::class)

Human-in-the-Loop

LaraGraph has first-class support for pausing workflows and waiting for human input.

interrupt_before

Pause the run before a node executes. On resume, the node runs normally.

$this->addNode('review', ReviewNode::class)
     ->interruptBefore('review');

interrupt_after

Pause the run after a node executes but before its outgoing edges are evaluated.

$this->addNode('drafter', DrafterNode::class)
     ->addNode('publish',  PublishNode::class)
     ->transition(Workflow::START, 'drafter')
     ->transition('drafter', 'publish')
     ->transition('publish', Workflow::END)
     ->interruptAfter('drafter');

Resuming

Call Laragraph::resume() with any additional state to merge before the run continues:

Laragraph::resume($run->id, [
    'meta' => ['approved' => true],
]);

Dynamic Pause from a Node

Any node can pause the run at runtime by throwing NodePausedException:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Exceptions\NodePausedException;

class ConfidenceCheckNode implements Node
{
    public function handle(NodeExecutionContext $context, array $state): array
    {
        if ($state['confidence'] < 0.7) {
            throw new NodePausedException($context->nodeName);
        }

        return ['status' => 'confident'];
    }
}

You can also pass state mutations to persist before pausing, and surface a human-readable gate reason that rides on the engine's routing column (not $state):

throw new NodePausedException(
    nodeName:      $context->nodeName,
    stateMutation: ['draft_attempt' => ($state['draft_attempt'] ?? 0) + 1],
    gateReason:    'Score too low — human review required',
);

The HumanInterventionRequired event fires with (runId, nodeName, gateReason). Gate reason is also readable on the paused run via $run->routing['gate_reason'].

Node Contracts

Nodes can implement optional contracts to declare capabilities to the engine.

HasName

Give a node a stable identifier used in edge routing and graph visualization:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\HasName;

class ResearchAgentNode implements Node, HasName
{
    public function name(): string
    {
        return 'research-agent';
    }
}

HasTags

Emit metadata alongside each node execution — useful for tracking token usage, model names, cost centers, or tenant IDs. Tags are automatically persisted to the workflow_node_executions table and broadcast on the NodeCompleted event:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\HasTags;

class LLMNode implements Node, HasTags
{
    private string $model = '';
    private int $tokens = 0;

    public function handle(NodeExecutionContext $context, array $state): array
    {
        // ... call LLM, populate $this->model and $this->tokens ...
        return ['response' => $result];
    }

    public function tags(): array
    {
        return [
            'model'    => $this->model,
            'tokens'   => $this->tokens,
            'cost_usd' => $this->tokens * 0.000003,
        ];
    }
}

The engine calls tags() after handle() returns, so the node can accumulate values during execution and expose them at the end.

Querying execution history

// All executions for a run
$run->nodeExecutions;

// Total cost for a run
$run->nodeExecutions->sum(fn($e) => $e->tags['cost_usd'] ?? 0);

// Per-node cost breakdown
$run->nodeExecutions
    ->groupBy('node_name')
    ->map(fn($execs) => $execs->sum(fn($e) => $e->tags['cost_usd'] ?? 0));

// Failed executions only
$run->nodeExecutions->filter(fn($e) => $e->failed());

NodeExecution columns: run_id, node_name, attempt, tags (JSON), executed_at, error_class, error_message, error_trace, failed_at.

When a node fails after exhausting retries, the engine writes exactly one row with the error columns populated — no polluting state.error or parsing Laravel logs.

HasRetryPolicy

Define per-node retry behaviour with exponential backoff and optional jitter:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\HasRetryPolicy;
use Cainy\Laragraph\Engine\RetryPolicy;

class FlakyAPINode implements Node, HasRetryPolicy
{
    public function retryPolicy(): RetryPolicy
    {
        return new RetryPolicy(
            initialInterval: 1.0,
            backoffFactor:   2.0,
            maxInterval:     30.0,
            maxAttempts:     5,
            jitter:          true,
        );
    }
}

Restrict retries to specific exception types:

new RetryPolicy(
    maxAttempts: 3,
    retryOn: [RateLimitException::class, TimeoutException::class],
)

// Or with a Closure for full control:
new RetryPolicy(
    maxAttempts: 3,
    retryOn: fn(Throwable $e) => $e->getCode() === 429,
)

HasQueue

Route a node's job to a specific queue or connection:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\HasQueue;

class HeavyLLMNode implements Node, HasQueue
{
    public function queue(): string
    {
        return 'llm';
    }

    public function connection(): ?string
    {
        return null; // use default connection
    }
}

HasMiddleware

Attach Laravel job middleware to a node's execution job:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\HasMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\RateLimited;

class AnthropicNode implements Node, HasMiddleware
{
    public function middleware(): array
    {
        return [new RateLimited('anthropic')];
    }
}

HasLoop

Declare that a node should loop — driving tool execution cycles, polling, or any other repeated sub-task. The compiler automatically injects the loop edges at compile time.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\HasLoop;

class PollingNode implements Node, HasLoop
{
    public function loopNode(string $nodeName): Node
    {
        return new CheckStatusNode();
    }

    public function loopCondition(): \Closure
    {
        return fn(array $state) => $state['status'] !== 'done';
    }
}

When compiled, the engine injects a {name}.__loop__ node and guards existing exit edges with the negated condition. Use Workflow::toolNode('name') to reference the synthetic loop node in interrupt points:

->interruptBefore(Workflow::toolNode('agent'))

IsFanInBarrier

Mark a node as a fan-in barrier. The engine tracks how many workers were dispatched into this node and how many have committed their results. It serialises concurrent arrivals under a database lock, and only the final arrival — the one that sees all predecessors complete — runs handle(). All earlier arrivals skip cleanly.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\IsFanInBarrier;

class MyBarrierNode implements Node, IsFanInBarrier
{
    public function handle(NodeExecutionContext $context, array $state): array
    {
        // Only called once — after every predecessor has committed.
        return ['merged' => true];
    }
}

BarrierNode implements IsFanInBarrier out of the box. Implement it on any custom node that acts as a convergence point for parallel branches.

Built-in Nodes

GateNode

Pauses the workflow unconditionally until manually resumed. Use as a static approval gate.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Nodes\GateNode;

$this->addNode('approve', new GateNode(reason: 'Manager approval required'))
     ->transition('draft', 'approve')
     ->transition('approve', 'publish');

When the gate triggers, a HumanInterventionRequired event fires with the reason. The reason is also stored on $run->routing['gate_reason'] (engine state — not merged into $state). Resume via Laragraph::resume($runId).

GateNode is a one-shot pause: its handle() unconditionally throws. For human-in-the-loop checkpoints where you still want the node's side effects to run first, use interruptAfter() on a regular node instead — see Human-in-the-Loop.

SendNode

Fan-out node — dispatches a Send for each item in a state list, sending each to the same target node with an isolated payload.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Nodes\SendNode;

$this->addNode('fanout', new SendNode(
         sourceKey:  'queries',
         targetNode: 'worker',
         payloadKey: 'query',
     ))
     ->addNode('worker', WorkerNode::class)
     ->transition(Workflow::START, 'fanout')
     ->transition('fanout', 'worker');

Inside WorkerNode, access the payload via $context->payload('query').

BarrierNode

Fan-in barrier — waits for all parallel workers to complete before allowing the downstream edge to fire. Zero configuration required.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Nodes\BarrierNode;

->addNode('barrier', new BarrierNode())
->transition('worker', 'barrier')
->transition('barrier', 'aggregator')

The engine automatically tracks how many workers were dispatched into the barrier and how many have committed their results. Early arrivals skip cleanly (removing their pointer to maintain equilibrium). Only the final arrival — when all predecessors are fully complete — runs handle() and evaluates the downstream edges. The node body itself is a no-op; all logic lives in the engine.

Works with both transition fan-out and Send-based fan-out, including multiple sequential barriers in the same workflow.

HttpNode

Makes an HTTP request and stores the response in state. The URL supports {state.key} interpolation.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Nodes\HttpNode;

->addNode('fetch', new HttpNode(
    url:         'https://api.example.com/items/{state.item_id}',
    method:      'GET',
    headers:     ['Authorization' => 'Bearer token'],
    responseKey: 'api_response',
))

The response is stored as ['status' => 200, 'body' => [...], 'ok' => true] under responseKey.

For POST/PUT/PATCH requests, set bodyKey to a state key whose value will be sent as the request body:

new HttpNode(url: '...', method: 'POST', bodyKey: 'payload', responseKey: 'result')

DelayNode

Pauses execution for a given number of seconds, then continues.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Nodes\DelayNode;

->addNode('wait', new DelayNode(seconds: 300))

On first execution the node stores a resume-after timestamp, dispatches a delayed queue job, and pauses. The job automatically calls Laragraph::resume() when the delay elapses — no scheduled command or polling required.

CacheNode

Reads from or writes to the Laravel cache. The cache key supports {state.key} interpolation.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Nodes\CacheNode;

->addNode('load',  new CacheNode(operation: 'get',    cacheKey: 'report:{state.user_id}', stateKey: 'cached_report'))
->addNode('store', new CacheNode(operation: 'put',    cacheKey: 'report:{state.user_id}', stateKey: 'report', ttl: 3600))
->addNode('bust',  new CacheNode(operation: 'forget', cacheKey: 'report:{state.user_id}', stateKey: 'report'))

NotifyNode

Dispatches a Laravel event with values from state as constructor arguments.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Nodes\NotifyNode;

->addNode('notify', new NotifyNode(
    eventClass: ReportReady::class,
    dataKeys:   ['user_id', 'report_url'],
))

Prism Integration

LaraGraph ships with first-class support for Prism via the Cainy\Laragraph\Integrations\Prism namespace.

composer require prism-php/prism

PrismNode

A general-purpose LLM node. Supports text generation and structured output — no tool loop injected by default. Use PrismToolNode (below) when you want tool-calling with automatic re-entry.

use Cainy\Laragraph\Integrations\Prism\PrismNode;
use Prism\Prism\Enums\Provider;

$this->addNode('assistant', new PrismNode(
    provider:     Provider::Anthropic,
    model:        'claude-sonnet-4-6',
    systemPrompt: 'You are a helpful assistant.',
    maxTokens:    1024,
));

By default the assistant's response is appended to state['messages'].

Overridable hooks

Subclass when you need dynamic behaviour or structured output:

use Prism\Prism\Contracts\Schema;
use Prism\Prism\Schema\ObjectSchema;
use Prism\Prism\Schema\StringSchema;

class ClassifierNode extends PrismNode
{
    protected function systemPrompt(array $state): string
    {
        return 'Classify the input into category + confidence.';
    }

    protected function prompt(array $state): string
    {
        return "Input: {$state['text']}";
    }

    protected function schema(): ?Schema
    {
        return new ObjectSchema(
            name: 'classification',
            description: 'Result of the classification',
            properties: [
                new StringSchema('category', 'category'),
                new StringSchema('confidence', 'confidence 0..1'),
            ],
            requiredFields: ['category', 'confidence'],
        );
    }

    public function outputKey(): string
    {
        return 'classification'; // default: 'output'
    }
}

When schema() returns non-null, the node calls Prism's structured-output path and writes the result to state[outputKey()] instead of state['messages'].

Available overrides: provider(), model(), maxTokens(), temperature(), topP(), systemPrompt($state), prompt($state), messages($state), tools(), schema(), messagesKey(), outputKey(), applyProviderOptions().

PrismToolNode

Extends PrismNode and implements HasLoop — the compiler injects a synthetic .__loop__ tool-executor so the node re-enters itself after each tool call completes (classic ReAct loop).

use Cainy\Laragraph\Integrations\Prism\PrismToolNode;
use Prism\Prism\Tool;

class WeatherAgent extends PrismToolNode
{
    public function tools(): array
    {
        return [
            (new Tool)
                ->as('get_weather')
                ->for('Get weather for a city')
                ->withStringParameter('city', 'City name')
                ->using(fn(string $city): string => "Sunny, 22°C in {$city}"),
        ];
    }
}

$this->addNode('agent', new WeatherAgent(
    provider: Provider::Anthropic,
    model:    'claude-sonnet-4-6',
));

The injected graph:

START → agent ──(tool_calls present)──→ agent.__loop__ → agent
               ──(no tool_calls)──────→ END

To interrupt before tool execution runs:

->interruptBefore(Workflow::toolNode('agent'))

ToolNode (manual routing)

Abstract base for nodes that execute tool calls from state['messages'] without the automatic loop. Use when you want explicit edges around tool execution (for conditional routing, logging, approval gates, etc.).

use Cainy\Laragraph\Integrations\Prism\ToolNode;

class WeatherToolNode extends ToolNode
{
    protected function toolMap(): array
    {
        return [
            'get_weather' => fn(array $args): string =>
                "Sunny, 22°C in " . ($args['city'] ?? 'unknown'),
        ];
    }
}

Wire the edges yourself:

$this->addNode('agent', MyAgentNode::class)
     ->addNode('tools', WeatherToolNode::class)
     ->transition(Workflow::START, 'agent')
     ->transition('agent', 'tools', fn($s) => ! empty(end($s['messages'])['tool_calls'] ?? []))
     ->transition('agent', Workflow::END, fn($s) => empty(end($s['messages'])['tool_calls'] ?? []))
     ->transition('tools', 'agent');

Laravel AI Integration

LaraGraph integrates with Laravel AI via the AsGraphNode trait.

composer require laravel/ai

AsGraphNode Trait

Add AsGraphNode to a standard Laravel AI agent to make it a Laragraph node:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Contracts\Node;
use Cainy\Laragraph\Integrations\LaravelAi\AsGraphNode;
use Laravel\Ai\Contracts\Agent;
use Laravel\Ai\Promptable;

class ResearchAgent implements Agent, Node
{
    use AsGraphNode, Promptable;

    public function instructions(): string
    {
        return 'You are a research assistant.';
    }

    protected function getAgentPrompt(): string
    {
        return 'Research: ' . ($this->state['topic'] ?? 'general');
    }
}

Structured Output

If your agent implements HasStructuredOutput, the trait maps structured response keys directly to state mutation keys:

use Laravel\Ai\Contracts\HasStructuredOutput;
use Illuminate\Contracts\JsonSchema\JsonSchema;

class ClassifierAgent implements Agent, Node, HasStructuredOutput
{
    use AsGraphNode, Promptable;

    public function instructions(): string
    {
        return 'Classify the input into a category and confidence score.';
    }

    public function schema(JsonSchema $schema): array
    {
        return [
            'category'   => $schema->string()->required(),
            'confidence' => $schema->number()->min(0)->max(1)->required(),
        ];
    }
}

After execution, state['category'] and state['confidence'] are set directly.

Tool-Using Agents

Laravel AI agents implementing HasTools are automatically detected by the compiler — tool loop injection works exactly as with PrismNode:

use Laravel\Ai\Contracts\HasTools;

class WeatherAgent implements Agent, Node, HasTools
{
    use AsGraphNode, Promptable;

    public function tools(): array { return [new GetWeather]; }
}

Sub-graph Workflows

Any Workflow subclass implements Node and can be embedded inside another workflow. The sub-graph is identified by its class name — no snapshot serialization required.

class ResearchSubgraph extends Workflow
{
    public function definition(): void
    {
        $this->addNode('search',  SearchNode::class)
             ->addNode('extract', ExtractNode::class)
             ->transition(Workflow::START, 'search')
             ->transition('search',  'extract')
             ->transition('extract', Workflow::END);
    }
}

class ParentPipeline extends Workflow
{
    public function definition(): void
    {
        $this->addNode('research', ResearchSubgraph::class)
             ->addNode('write',    WriteNode::class)
             ->transition(Workflow::START, 'research')
             ->transition('research', 'write')
             ->transition('write', Workflow::END);
    }
}

When the engine executes a sub-graph node:

A child WorkflowRun is created and linked via parent_run_id / parent_node_name.
The child workflow starts normally — its nodes run as independent queue jobs.
The parent run pauses at the sub-graph node.
When the child completes, the engine resumes the parent automatically.
The parent node returns the state delta from the child's final state as a mutation.

$run->parent;    // ?WorkflowRun
$run->children;  // Collection<WorkflowRun>

Embedded vs Send-dispatched

Sub-graphs behave differently depending on how they're reached:

Reached via	Child initial state	Delta merged back
Embedded (`transition('sub', …)`)	Parent's full state	Child's state diff vs parent's state
`Send::toWorkflow('sub', $payload)`	The Send payload only	Child's full final state

Use Send::toWorkflow() for per-item pipelines where parent state should not leak into the child. Use plain embedding when the child should see and operate on parent state (e.g. a reusable "research this topic" sub-graph).

Child Failure Cascade

By default, when a child workflow fails, the failure cascades to the parent: the parent is marked Failed, its pointers are cleared, and WorkflowFailed fires with the child's exception.

Opt out on a per-child-workflow basis by overriding shouldCascadeFailure():

class ToleratingChildWorkflow extends Workflow
{
    public function shouldCascadeFailure(): bool
    {
        return false; // parent stays Paused; caller can decide what to do
    }

    public function definition(): void { /* ... */ }
}

Useful for map-reduce patterns where individual child failures should be aggregated rather than fatal.

Accessing parent metadata from a child

Inside a child node, use the context accessors:

public function handle(NodeExecutionContext $context, array $state): array
{
    $profileId = $context->parentMetadata()['profile_id'] ?? null;
    // ...
}

$context->parentRunId, $context->parentNodeName, and $context->parentMetadata() are all null at the top level.

Recursion Limit

The engine tracks total node executions per run and throws RecursionLimitExceeded if the limit is hit.

The default limit is config('laragraph.recursion_limit', 100). Override it per workflow:

class MyPipeline extends Workflow
{
    public function definition(): void
    {
        $this->withRecursionLimit(500);
        // ...
    }
}

For legitimate fan-out workflows (e.g. 50 items, each running a 5-step pipeline), raise this to items × steps + headroom. The exception message includes a hint pointing at ->withRecursionLimit() when the limit is hit.

Events

LaraGraph fires events throughout the workflow lifecycle. All events implement ShouldBroadcast and are broadcast on the workflow channel when broadcasting is enabled.

Event	Payload
`WorkflowStarted`	`runId`, `workflowKey`
`NodeExecuting`	`runId`, `nodeName`
`NodeCompleted`	`runId`, `nodeName`, `mutation`, `tags`
`NodeFailed`	`runId`, `nodeName`, `exception`
`WorkflowCompleted`	`runId`, `workflowKey`
`WorkflowFailed`	`runId`, `exception`, `workflowKey`
`WorkflowResumed`	`runId`, `workflowKey`
`HumanInterventionRequired`	`runId`, `nodeName`, `reason`

Broadcasting

Enable broadcasting in your .env:

LARAGRAPH_BROADCASTING_ENABLED=true
LARAGRAPH_CHANNEL_TYPE=private       # public | private | presence
LARAGRAPH_CHANNEL_PREFIX=workflow.

Each run broadcasts on channel {prefix}{runId} (e.g. workflow.42). Authorize the channel in routes/channels.php as needed.

Configuration

// config/laragraph.php
return [
    // Queue name for ExecuteNode jobs (overridden per-node via HasQueue)
    'queue' => env('LARAGRAPH_QUEUE', 'default'),

    // Queue connection (null = default connection)
    'connection' => env('LARAGRAPH_QUEUE_CONNECTION'),

    // Hold jobs until the wrapping transaction commits (enable if you call
    // Laragraph::run() inside your own DB transactions)
    'after_commit' => env('LARAGRAPH_AFTER_COMMIT', false),

    // Default max attempts per node (overridden per-node via HasRetryPolicy)
    'max_node_attempts' => 3,

    // Default node timeout in seconds
    'node_timeout' => 60,

    // Maximum node executions per run before RecursionLimitExceeded is thrown
    'recursion_limit' => 100,

    // Prune completed/failed runs older than this many days
    'prunable_after_days' => 30,

    // Default retry backoff settings (overridden per-node via HasRetryPolicy)
    'retry' => [
        'initial_interval' => 0.5,
        'backoff_factor'   => 2.0,
        'max_interval'     => 128.0,
        'jitter'           => true,
    ],

    'broadcasting' => [
        'enabled'        => env('LARAGRAPH_BROADCASTING_ENABLED', false),
        'channel_type'   => env('LARAGRAPH_CHANNEL_TYPE', 'private'),
        'channel_prefix' => env('LARAGRAPH_CHANNEL_PREFIX', 'workflow.'),
    ],
];

Testing

composer test

LaraGraph works with the sync queue driver in tests — set QUEUE_CONNECTION=sync in your phpunit.xml and runs execute synchronously, making assertions straightforward:

use Cainy\Laragraph\Facades\Laragraph;
use Cainy\Laragraph\Enums\RunStatus;

it('completes the pipeline', function () {
    $run = Laragraph::run(MyPipeline::class, ['input' => 'hello']);

    expect($run->fresh())
        ->status->toBe(RunStatus::Completed)
        ->state->toHaveKey('output');
});

For unit-testing individual nodes, use the makeContext() test helper:

use function Cainy\Laragraph\Tests\makeContext;

it('returns a summary mutation', function () {
    $node = new SummarizeNode();

    $mutation = $node->handle(
        makeContext(nodeName: 'summarize'),
        ['text' => 'Long article...'],
    );

    expect($mutation)->toHaveKey('summary');
});

License

The MIT License (MIT). Please see License File for more information.

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LaraGraph

Table of Contents

Installation

Core Concepts

Building a Workflow

Nodes

NodeExecutionContext

Transitions

Conditional Edges

Branch Edges

Parallel Branches

Dynamic Fan-out with Send

Fan-out Patterns

Running a Workflow

Starting a Run

Controlling a Run

Lifecycle Hooks

State

Reducers

Custom Reducer

Human-in-the-Loop

interrupt_before

interrupt_after

Resuming

Dynamic Pause from a Node

Node Contracts

HasName

HasTags

Querying execution history

HasRetryPolicy

HasQueue

HasMiddleware

HasLoop

IsFanInBarrier

Built-in Nodes

GateNode

SendNode

BarrierNode

HttpNode

DelayNode

CacheNode

NotifyNode

Prism Integration

PrismNode

Overridable hooks

PrismToolNode

ToolNode (manual routing)

Laravel AI Integration

AsGraphNode Trait

Structured Output

Tool-Using Agents

Sub-graph Workflows

Embedded vs Send-dispatched

Child Failure Cascade

Accessing parent metadata from a child

Recursion Limit

Events

Broadcasting

Configuration

Testing

License

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