feat(coredump): ✨ Add a coredump and debug example that I ca…

A5_coredump/Dockerfile.processor

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+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1.4
+FROM ubuntu:22.04 as BASE
+
+WORKDIR /scratch
+
+COPY --chmod=755 <<EOF /bin/configure_container.sh
+apt-get update 
+apt-get install lsb-release debian-goodies cpuinfo curl ca-certificates gpg ubuntu-dbgsym-keyring gdb -y 
+
+echo "deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com $(lsb_release -cs) main restricted universe multiverse
+deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com $(lsb_release -cs)-updates main restricted universe multiverse
+deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com $(lsb_release -cs)-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" | \
+tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ddebs.list
+
+apt-get update
+
+EOF
+
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/var/cache/apt,sharing=locked \
+    --mount=type=cache,target=/var/lib/apt,sharing=locked \
+    /bin/configure_container.sh
+
+
+# NOTE: Escape the \$ otherwise they are rendered at buildtime
+COPY --chmod=755 <<EOF /bin/debug.sh
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+echo "Started"
+EOF
+
+ENV DEBUGINFOD_URLS="https://debuginfod.ubuntu.com"
+RUN set debuginfod enabled on
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "-c", " /bin/debug.sh"]
+

A5_coredump/README.md

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+# COREDUMP
+
+Demonstrate how to debug a dumped process.  
+
+TODO:
+
+- Single step a process with symbols with gdb
+- Attach with vscode
+
+## Glossary
+
+- elfutils debuginfod is a client/server in elfutils 0.178+ that automatically distributes elf/dwarf/source-code from servers to clients such as debuggers across HTTP. [source](https://sourceware.org/elfutils/Debuginfod.html)
+
+## Build
+
+```bash
+just build
+
+just start
+
+just debug
+```
+
+## Forcing Crashes
+
+Inside the container.  
+
+```sh
+gdb -q /bin/bash
+readelf -n /usr/bin/bash
+
+# start sleep and dump 
+sleep 500 &
+gcore -o sleep [pid]  
+
+# source is not available
+gdb sleep ./sleep.11 
+```
+
+```sh
+# variables associated to core
+sysctl --all | grep core
+
+# readonly filesystem does not allow it
+echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger
+
+kill -SIGKILL PID
+pidof program_name
+```
+
+## Resources
+
+- NotMyFault v4.21 (windows only) [here](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/notmyfault)
+- Cause a Linux Kernel Panic or a Windows BSOD [here](https://blog.technodrone.cloud/2012/03/cause-linux-kernel-panic-or-windows.html)
+- Debug symbol packages [here](https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/debug-symbol-packages)
+- About debuginfod [here](https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/about-debuginfod)
+- ELFUTILS DEBUGINFOD [here](https://sourceware.org/elfutils/Debuginfod.html)  
+- Pleasant debugging with GDB and DDD [here](https://begriffs.com/posts/2022-07-17-debugging-gdb-ddd.html#gdb-front-ends)
+- Configuring and Managing Core Dumps in Linux [here](https://www.baeldung.com/linux/managing-core-dumps)  
+- core - core dump file [here](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/core.5.html)
+- Configuring core dumps in docker [here](https://ddanilov.me/how-to-configure-core-dump-in-docker-container)
+- The Core Pattern (core_pattern), or how to specify filename and path for core dumps [here](https://sigquit.wordpress.com/2009/03/13/the-core-pattern/)
+

A5_coredump/justfile

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+set dotenv-load := true
+
+export IMAGE_NAME:='a5_core_dump'
+
+# default lists actions
+default:
+  @just -f justfile --list
+
+
+build distro="processor":
+  #!/usr/bin/env bash
+  docker buildx build --progress=plain --load -f "Dockerfile.{{ distro }}" -t "${IMAGE_NAME}_{{ distro }}:latest" .
+
+start distro="processor": (build distro)
+  #!/usr/bin/env bash
+  docker run -it --rm "${IMAGE_NAME}_{{ distro }}:latest"
+
+debug distro="processor": (build distro)
+  #!/usr/bin/env bash
+  docker run -it --rm --entrypoint /bin/bash "${IMAGE_NAME}_{{ distro }}:latest"
+
+dive distro="processor": (build distro)
+  #!/usr/bin/env bash
+  dive "${IMAGE_NAME}_{{ distro }}:latest"
+
+details distro="processor": (build distro)
+  #!/usr/bin/env bash
+  @echo "******************************"
+  @echo "** Labels"
+  @echo "******************************"
+  docker inspect -f '{{{{ .Config.Labels }}}}' "${IMAGE_NAME}_{{ distro }}:latest"
+  @echo "******************************"
+  @echo "** Dive CI"
+  @echo "******************************"
+  dive "${IMAGE_NAME}_{{ distro }}:latest" --ci || true
+  @echo "******************************"
+  @echo "** Size"
+  @echo "******************************"
+  container-diff analyze --json daemon://"${IMAGE_NAME}_{{ distro }}:latest" | jq .
+