CC-1960 [HTTP] Upgrade gcc to 14.3.0-bookworm

[andy1li]

Note

Upgrades GCC base images to 14.3, renames the C++ executable to http-server, updates run scripts/paths, points docs to src/main.cpp, and adjusts Docker caching/env plus .gitignore entries.

• Build/Docker:
  • Upgrade base images: gcc:14.2.0→14.3.0 (C) and gcc:13.2.0→14.3.0 (C++).
  • Add CMakeLists.txt to CODECRAFTERS_DEPENDENCY_FILE_PATHS (C/C++).
  • Update CMake in C++ image to 3.30.5; simplify cache layout and remove precompile script.
• C++ Starter/Solutions/Templates:
  • Rename executable server→http-server in CMakeLists.txt and run scripts.
  • Change run commands to $(dirname "$0")/build/http-server.
  • Expand .gitignore to comprehensive templates.
• C Starter/Solutions/Templates:
  • Quote run script paths: $(dirname "$0")/build/http-server.
• Docs/Config:
  • Update references from src/server.cpp→src/main.cpp in README.md, explanation.md, and config.yml.
• Go Dockerfiles:
  • Add hadolint ignore comment for GODEBUG standard library install line.

^{Written by Cursor Bugbot for commit e2c21d6. This will update automatically on new commits. Configure here.}

[linear]

CC-1960 Upgrade gcc to 14.3.0-bookworm