Add Ubuntu 22.04 box

[fwilhe2]

This is based on https://github.com/rlaun/packer-ubuntu-22.04

Fixes #93

[fwilhe2]

Hi @geerlingguy, as mentioned in #93 I'd be happy to contribute this box it it works. I did quite some trial and error because I'm not that familiar with packer, if anything needs to be updated to make this mergable please let me know.

It did in the end work on my local machine which runs Ubuntu 22.04.

[maroskukan]

Hey @fwilhe2 great work. I was recently working on packer template for Ubuntu 22.04. Here are some highlights I would like to point out:

• In the original Debian installer file (preceed.cfg) for Ubuntu 20.04 defined extra packages to install during this stage. This can be also done with cloud init user-data using the packages section.
• I noticed that you increased the ssh_handshake_attempts to 500. You can avoid this by stopping the ssh service at early stage in user-data
• The default synced folder settings config.vm.synced_folder '.', '/vagrant', type: 'nfs' in Vagrant file will not work for ubuntu 22.04 as it disabled some legacy features. This needs to be updated.

Feel free to have a look around the branch.