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Merged
jakehildreth merged 14 commits into from
Sep 11, 2025
Merged

2025.9.8 - Reduced False Positives! #265

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ed6bfa2
Merge pull request #254 from jakehildreth/main
jakehildreth May 28, 2025
601123b
feat: improved risk ratings for template + ESC5 issues
jakehildreth Aug 25, 2025
dbbe652
chore: gardening. improved outro message, less complex dangerous rights
jakehildreth Aug 25, 2025
7cb25fc
chore: fresh build
jakehildreth Aug 25, 2025
fa382c7
Merge pull request #260 from jakehildreth/updates-from-semperis-demo
SamErde Aug 26, 2025
ae0a35c
fix: new logic should resolve ESC1 false positives.
jakehildreth Sep 8, 2025
1c8e193
fix: remove false negative when AllExtendedRights is granted on an ES…
jakehildreth Sep 8, 2025
0c9cd49
Merge pull request #262 from jakehildreth/fix-esc1-false-positives
SamErde Sep 8, 2025
149e0a5
fix: applied updated ESC1 detection logic to other template-based ESCs
jakehildreth Sep 8, 2025
02cde02
Update Invoke-Locksmith.ps1
jakehildreth Sep 8, 2025
5a63da4
Update Private/Find-ESC16.ps1
jakehildreth Sep 8, 2025
c4dc429
Update Private/Find-ESC13.ps1
jakehildreth Sep 8, 2025
1f76288
Breakin' the law \m/
jakehildreth Sep 10, 2025
3fa75b6
Update Private/Find-ESC16.ps1
jakehildreth Sep 11, 2025
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235 changes: 143 additions & 92 deletions Invoke-Locksmith.ps1
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Locksmith.psd1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
FunctionsToExport = 'Invoke-Locksmith'
GUID = 'b1325b42-8dc4-4f17-aa1f-dcb5984ca14a'
HelpInfoURI = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jakehildreth/Locksmith/main/en-US/'
ModuleVersion = '2025.5.26'
ModuleVersion = '2025.9.8'
PowerShellVersion = '5.1'
PrivateData = @{
PSData = @{
Expand Down
8 changes: 4 additions & 4 deletions Locksmith.psm1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ $Assembly = @(
}
)
$FoundErrors = @(
Foreach ($Import in @($Assembly)) {
foreach ($Import in @($Assembly)) {
try {
Write-Verbose -Message $Import.FullName
Add-Type -Path $Import.Fullname -ErrorAction Stop
Expand All @@ -77,10 +77,10 @@ $FoundErrors = @(
}
}
#Dot source the files
Foreach ($Import in @($Classes + $Enums + $Private + $Public)) {
Try {
foreach ($Import in @($Classes + $Enums + $Private + $Public)) {
try {
. $Import.Fullname
} Catch {
} catch {
Write-Error -Message "Failed to import functions from $($import.Fullname): $_"
$true
}
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7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion Private/Find-ESC1.ps1
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Expand Up @@ -56,7 +56,12 @@
} else {
$SID = ($Principal.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value
}
if ( ($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -or ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') ) ) {
if (
($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and
( ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -and
( $entry.ObjectType -match '0e10c968-78fb-11d2-90d4-00c04f79dc55|00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' ) ) -or
($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') )
) {
$Issue = [pscustomobject]@{
Forest = $_.CanonicalName.split('/')[0]
Name = $_.Name
Expand Down
7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion Private/Find-ESC13.ps1
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Expand Up @@ -56,7 +56,12 @@ function Find-ESC13 {
} else {
$SID = ($Principal.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value
}
if ( ($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') ) {
if (
($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and
( ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -and
( $entry.ObjectType -match '0e10c968-78fb-11d2-90d4-00c04f79dc55|00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' ) ) -or
($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') )
) {
$Issue = [pscustomobject]@{
Forest = $_.CanonicalName.split('/')[0]
Name = $_.Name
Expand Down
7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion Private/Find-ESC15.ps1
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Expand Up @@ -44,7 +44,12 @@ function Find-ESC15 {
} else {
$SID = ($Principal.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value
}
if ( ($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -or ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') ) ) {
if (
($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and
( ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -and
( $entry.ObjectType -match '0e10c968-78fb-11d2-90d4-00c04f79dc55|00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' ) ) -or
($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') )
) {
$Issue = [pscustomobject]@{
Forest = $_.CanonicalName.split('/')[0]
Name = $_.Name
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Private/Find-ESC16.ps1
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Expand Up @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
if ($_.DisableExtensionList -eq 'Yes') {
$Issue.Issue = @"
The Certification Authority (CA) $($_.CAFullName) has the szOID_NTDS_CA_SECURITY_EXT security extension disabled. When
this extension is disabled, every certificate issued by this CA will be unable to to reliably map a certificate to a
this extension is disabled, every certificate issued by this CA will be unable to reliably map a certificate to a
user or computer account's SID for authentication.

More info:
Expand Down
7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion Private/Find-ESC2.ps1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -46,7 +46,12 @@
} else {
$SID = ($Principal.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value
}
if ( ($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -or ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') ) ) {
if (
($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and
( ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -and
( $entry.ObjectType -match '0e10c968-78fb-11d2-90d4-00c04f79dc55|00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' ) ) -or
($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') )
) {
$Issue = [pscustomobject]@{
Forest = $_.CanonicalName.split('/')[0]
Name = $_.Name
Expand Down
7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion Private/Find-ESC3C1.ps1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -46,7 +46,12 @@
} else {
$SID = ($Principal.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value
}
if ( ($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -or ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') ) ) {
if (
($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and
( ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -and
( $entry.ObjectType -match '0e10c968-78fb-11d2-90d4-00c04f79dc55|00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' ) ) -or
($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') )
) {
$Issue = [pscustomobject]@{
Forest = $_.CanonicalName.split('/')[0]
Name = $_.Name
Expand Down
7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion Private/Find-ESC3C2.ps1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -47,7 +47,12 @@
} else {
$SID = ($Principal.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value
}
if ( ($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -or ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') ) ) {
if (
($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and
( ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -and
( $entry.ObjectType -match '0e10c968-78fb-11d2-90d4-00c04f79dc55|00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' ) ) -or
($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') )
) {
$Issue = [pscustomobject]@{
Forest = $_.CanonicalName.split('/')[0]
Name = $_.Name
Expand Down
7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion Private/Find-ESC9.ps1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -56,7 +56,12 @@
} else {
$SID = ($Principal.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value
}
if ( ($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -or ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') ) ) {
if (
($SID -notmatch $SafeUsers) -and
( ( ($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ExtendedRight') -and
( $entry.ObjectType -match '0e10c968-78fb-11d2-90d4-00c04f79dc55|00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' ) ) -or
($entry.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') )
) {
$Issue = [pscustomobject]@{
Forest = $_.CanonicalName.split('/')[0]
Name = $_.Name
Expand Down
7 changes: 3 additions & 4 deletions Private/Set-AdditionalCAProperty.ps1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -71,7 +71,6 @@
process {
$ADCSObjects | Where-Object objectClass -Match 'pKIEnrollmentService' | ForEach-Object {
$CAEnrollmentEndpoint = @()
#[array]$CAEnrollmentEndpoint = $_.'msPKI-Enrollment-Servers' | Select-String 'http.*' | ForEach-Object { $_.Matches[0].Value }
foreach ($directory in @('certsrv/', "$($_.Name)_CES_Kerberos/service.svc", "$($_.Name)_CES_Kerberos/service.svc/CES", 'ADPolicyProvider_CEP_Kerberos/service.svc', 'certsrv/mscep/')) {
$URL = "://$($_.dNSHostName)/$directory"
try {
Expand All @@ -81,7 +80,7 @@
$Cache = [System.Net.CredentialCache]::New()
$Cache.Add([System.Uri]::new($FullURL), $Auth, [System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials)
$Request.Credentials = $Cache
$Request.Timeout = 1000
$Request.Timeout = 100
$Request.GetResponse() | Out-Null
$CAEnrollmentEndpoint += @{
'URL' = $FullURL
Expand All @@ -95,7 +94,7 @@
$Cache = [System.Net.CredentialCache]::New()
$Cache.Add([System.Uri]::new($FullURL), $Auth, [System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials)
$Request.Credentials = $Cache
$Request.Timeout = 1000
$Request.Timeout = 100
$Request.GetResponse() | Out-Null
$CAEnrollmentEndpoint += @{
'URL' = $FullURL
Expand All @@ -109,7 +108,7 @@
$Cache = [System.Net.CredentialCache]::New()
$Cache.Add([System.Uri]::new($FullURL), $Auth, [System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials)
$Request.Credentials = $Cache
$Request.Timeout = 1000
$Request.Timeout = 100
$Request.GetResponse() | Out-Null
$CAEnrollmentEndpoint += @{
'URL' = $FullURL
Expand Down
4 changes: 4 additions & 0 deletions Private/Set-RiskRating.ps1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -364,6 +364,10 @@ function Set-RiskRating {
$Principals += $OtherIssue.IdentityReference.Value
$OtherIssueRisk += 1
}
else {
$Principals += $OtherIssue.IdentityReference.Value
$OtherIssueRisk += 0.1
}
$CheckedESC5Templates.$($OtherIssue.Name) = $Principals
} # forech ($OtherIssue)
if ($OtherIssueRisk -ge 2) {
Expand Down
13 changes: 8 additions & 5 deletions Public/Invoke-Locksmith.ps1
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Expand Up @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ function Invoke-Locksmith {

# GenericAll, WriteDacl, and WriteOwner all permit full control of an AD object.
# WriteProperty may or may not permit full control depending the specific property and AD object type.
$DangerousRights = 'GenericAll|WriteDacl|WriteOwner|WriteProperty'
$DangerousRights = 'GenericAll|Write'
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Copilot AI Sep 11, 2025

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The regex pattern 'Write' is overly broad and will match unintended permissions like 'WriteExtendedAttributes' or 'WriteValidatedWrite'. Consider using more specific patterns like 'WriteDacl|WriteOwner|WriteProperty' to avoid false positives.

Suggested change
$DangerousRights = 'GenericAll|Write'
$DangerousRights = 'GenericAll|WriteDacl|WriteOwner|WriteProperty'

Copilot uses AI. Check for mistakes.

# Extended Key Usage for client authentication. A requirement for ESC3.
$EnrollmentAgentEKU = '1\.3\.6\.1\.4\.1\.311\.20\.2\.1'
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -320,11 +320,13 @@ function Invoke-Locksmith {
[!] You ran Locksmith in Mode 0 which only provides an high-level overview of issues
identified in the environment. For more details including:

- DistinguishedName of impacted object(s)
- Remediation guidance and/or code
- Detailed Risk Rating
- General remediation guidance and/or code for all issues
- Custom remediation guidance and/or code for some issues!
- Revert guidance and/or code (in case remediation breaks something!)
- Distinguished Name of impacted object(s)

Run Locksmith in Mode 1!
Try Mode 1!

# Module version
Invoke-Locksmith -Mode 1
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -385,5 +387,6 @@ Invoke-Locksmith -Mode 1
}
}
Write-Host 'Thank you for using ' -NoNewline
Write-Host "Locksmith <3`n" -ForegroundColor Magenta
Write-Host 'Locksmith <3 ' -ForegroundColor Magenta -NoNewline
Write-Host "(https://github.com/jakehildreth/Locksmith)`n"
}
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