ci(lint): add ASCII character check using ripgrep

[raballew]

Summary

• Adds an ascii-check job to the lint workflow that uses rg '[^\p{ASCII}]' to flag non-ASCII characters (em-dashes, en-dashes, curly quotes, emoji, etc.) that render poorly or break in terminals
• Excludes .cast and .html files which legitimately contain non-ASCII content
• Currently there are ~1,104 lines with non-ASCII characters across tracked files that need to be fixed before this check can be enforced

Test plan

• Verify the ascii-check job runs in CI (it will fail on existing violations -- expected)
• Incrementally fix non-ASCII findings across the codebase
• Once clean, the job gates future PRs from introducing new non-ASCII characters

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

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[mangelajo]

Why do we hate UTF8? :D I loved when we got free of the ASCII limitations

[raballew]

until your yaml depends on it

[kirkbrauer]

@raballew Humm, I get the idea behind this, but I think this is a lot of changes to merge just for a character transition. One of the nice things about languages such as Python, Rust, and Go is the ability to incorporate UTF-8 characters into comments and logs, for example, adding emojis to rich log outputs. So therefore, I think we can apply this, but limit the file types if applies to or the domains we enforce this in.