feat/ Add Python implementation of counter contract

contract-py/.gitignore

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+# Python
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class
+*.so
+.Python
+build/
+dist/
+wheels/
+*.egg-info
+
+# Virtual environments
+venv/
+env/
+ENV/
+.venv
+
+# Testing
+.pytest_cache/
+.coverage
+htmlcov/
+.tox/
+
+# NEAR
+*.wasm
+.near/
+neardev/
+out/
+

contract-py/.python-version

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+3.13

contract-py/README.md

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+# Count on NEAR Contract (Python)
+
+The smart contract exposes methods to interact with a counter stored in the NEAR network.
+
+
+# Quickstart
+
+1. Make sure you have installed [Python](https://www.python.org/downloads/) >= 3.11
+2. Install [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/) for package management
+3. Install the [NEAR CLI](https://github.com/near/near-cli#setup)
+
+<br />
+
+## 1. Build and Deploy the Contract
+
+### Setup Virtual Environment
+
+Creates a virtual environment with all required dependencies for building the contract.
+
+```bash
+uvx nearc contract.py --create-venv
+```
+
+### Build the Contract
+
+Compile the contract to WebAssembly:
+
+```bash
+uvx nearc contract.py
+```
+
+This will create a `contract.wasm` file in the project root.
+
+### Deploy to Testnet
+
+```bash
+near deploy <your-account-id>.testnet contract.wasm
+```
+
+### Initialize the Contract
+
+After deployment, initialize the contract:
+
+```bash
+near call <your-account-id>.testnet initialize '{}' --accountId <your-account-id>.testnet
+```
+
+<br />
+
+## 2. Get the Counter
+
+`get_num` is a read-only method (aka `view` method).
+
+`View` methods can be called for **free** by anyone, even people **without a NEAR account**!
+
+```bash
+near view <your-account-id>.testnet get_num
+```
+
+<br />
+
+## 3. Modify the Counter
+
+`increment`, `decrement` and `reset` change the contract's state, for which they are `call` methods.
+
+`Call` methods can only be invoked using a NEAR account, since the account needs to pay GAS for the transaction.
+
+```bash
+# Increment by 1 (default)
+near call <your-account-id>.testnet increment '{}' --accountId <your-account-id>.testnet
+
+# Increment by specific number
+near call <your-account-id>.testnet increment '{"number": 5}' --accountId <your-account-id>.testnet
+
+# Decrement by 1 (default)
+near call <your-account-id>.testnet decrement '{}' --accountId <your-account-id>.testnet
+
+# Decrement by specific number
+near call <your-account-id>.testnet decrement '{"number": 3}' --accountId <your-account-id>.testnet
+
+# Reset counter to zero
+near call <your-account-id>.testnet reset '{}' --accountId <your-account-id>.testnet
+```
+
+<br />
+
+## 4. Run Tests
+
+The contract includes comprehensive tests using the [near-pytest](https://github.com/r-near/near-pytest) framework:
+
+```bash
+# Install test dependencies
+uv sync
+
+# Run tests
+uv run pytest
+```
+
+<br />
+
+## Project Structure
+
+```
+contract-py/
+├── contract.py              # Main contract code
+├── tests/
+│   └── test_mod.py          # Contract tests
+├── pyproject.toml           # Project configuration
+├── uv.lock                  # Dependency lock file
+├── .python-version          # Python version specification
+├── .gitignore               # Git ignore rules
+└── README.md                
+```
+
+<br />
+
+## Useful Links
+
+- [near-sdk-py](https://github.com/r-near/near-sdk-py) - NEAR smart contract development SDK for Python
+- [near-pytest](https://github.com/r-near/near-pytest) - Testing framework for NEAR smart contracts
+- [NEAR CLI-rs](https://near.cli.rs) - Interact with NEAR blockchain from command line
+- [NEAR Python Documentation](https://docs.near.org/tools/near-api)
+- [NEAR Documentation](https://docs.near.org)
+- [NEAR StackOverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/nearprotocol)
+- [NEAR Discord](https://near.chat)
+- [NEAR Telegram Developers Community Group](https://t.me/neardev)
+- NEAR DevHub: [Telegram](https://t.me/neardevhub), [Twitter](https://twitter.com/neardevhub)

contract-py/contract.py

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+from near_sdk_py import Contract, call, view, init
+
+
+class Counter(Contract):
+    """
+    A simple counter smart contract that stores an integer value
+    and provides methods to increment, decrement, reset, and view it.
+    """
+    @init
+    def initialize(self):
+        """Initialize the contract with a counter value of 0."""
+        self.storage["val"] = 0
+
+    @view
+    def get_num(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Public read-only method: Returns the counter value.
+
+        Returns:
+            int: The current counter value
+        """
+        return self.storage.get("val", 0)
+
+    @call
+    def increment(self, number: int = 1):
+        """
+        Public method: Increment the counter.
+
+        Args:
+            number (int): The amount to increment by (default: 1)
+        """
+        current_val = self.storage.get("val", 0)
+        self.storage["val"] = current_val + number
+        self.log_info(f"Increased number to {self.storage['val']}")
+
+    @call
+    def decrement(self, number: int = 1):
+        """
+        Public method: Decrement the counter.
+
+        Args:
+            number (int): The amount to decrement by (default: 1)
+        """
+        current_val = self.storage.get("val", 0)
+        self.storage["val"] = current_val - number
+        self.log_info(f"Decreased number to {self.storage['val']}")
+
+    @call
+    def reset(self):
+        """Public method: Reset the counter to zero."""
+        self.storage["val"] = 0
+        self.log_info("Reset counter to zero")

contract-py/pyproject.toml

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+[project]
+name = "counter-py"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Add your description here"
+readme = "README.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.13"
+dependencies = [
+    "near-pytest>=0.7.1",
+    "near-sdk-py>=0.7.3",
+]