ci: Add workflow for build and test

[romoh]

Summary

Add ci/cd workflow to ensure build & test are run with each PR

Validation

Validated as part of sending that PR and making sure it is run as expected

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR introduces a GitHub Actions CI/CD workflow to automate build and test processes for the Rust project. The workflow runs on pushes and pull requests to the main branch.

Key changes:

• Adds a build job that compiles the code, runs tests, performs linting with clippy, and checks code formatting
• Adds an example job that validates the basic example runs successfully
• Configures both jobs to run on ubuntu-latest with stable Rust toolchain

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[Copilot]

Consider adding Cargo dependency caching to speed up CI runs. Without caching, all dependencies will be recompiled on every workflow run, which can significantly increase build times. You can add a caching step after checkout using actions/cache or the Swatinem/rust-cache action which is specifically designed for Rust projects and handles caching of the target directory and Cargo registry automatically.

[Copilot]

Consider adding Cargo dependency caching to speed up CI runs. Without caching, dependencies will be recompiled on every workflow run, which can significantly increase build times. You can add a caching step after checkout using actions/cache or the Swatinem/rust-cache action which is specifically designed for Rust projects.